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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: In this chapter, a review is given of progress to date on an intercomparison project designed to compare and evaluate the ability of climate models to generate tropical cyclones, the Tropical Cyclone climate Model Intercomparison Project(TC-MIP). Like other intercomparison projects, this project aims to evaluate climate models using common metrics in order to make suggestions regarding future development of such models.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Beschreibung: restricted
    Schlagwort(e): Tropical Cyclones ; general circulation models ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: book chapter
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 20 (1988), S. 87-93 
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 28 (1995), S. 35-39 
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Energietechnik , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Austrocochlea constricta (Gastropodia) has the potential to act as a useful biomonitoring system of pollutants in the marine environment. The organism was used in the present study to investigate the distribution of both heavy metals and organopollutants in the soft tissue and shell of individuals sampled from various sites in the Newcastle region of New South Wales (Australia). The heavy metals and organopollutants were extracted from the mollusc and determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. The heavy metals zinc, cadmium, copper, and lead were detected both within the soft tissue and the shell extract, but the proportions of these metals partitioned into the extracts were different for each location. It was concluded that the accurate evaluation of heavy metal exposure in Austrocochlea should include analyses of both soft tissue and shell fractions. The accumulation of aliphatic hydrocarbons was more rigorously partitioned between the two tissue types than the heavy metals. Short chain aliphatic hydrocarbons were limited to the soft tissue while the longer chain aliphatic hydrocarbons were primarily confined to the shell. The data suggest that the shell may act as a safe storage matrix for toxic contaminants resistant to soft tissue detoxification mechanisms. The organic contaminants measured in the shell can be utilized as a valuable indicator of refuse dumping or release of pulp mill effluent as well as petrochemical contamination from industrial and recreational activity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 26 (1994), S. 367-373 
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Energietechnik , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The gastropod mollusc Austrocochlea constricta was collected from four marine locations within the Newcastle region of New South Wales, Australia to assess the range and distribution of major bioaccumulated organic and heavy metal pollutants. The metals and organopollutants were extracted from the soft tissue and the shell of the mollusc for analysis using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The organisms accumulated heavy metals from the sea water and concentrated them to levels substantially higher than those in the surrounding environment. A wide range of organopollutants was also detected in varying levels in Austrochochlea from each location. Abietic and dehydroabietic acids were detected only in the shell and not in the soft tissue suggesting that the shell may act as a “toxic waste sink” to facilitate the removal of potentially harmful compounds from the more metabolically active soft tissue. Aliphatic hydrocarbon contaminants were detected in Austrocochlea derived from the three sites associated with either heavy industry or recreational boating, but no hydrocarbons were detected in organisms from the control site. It was concluded that Austrocochlea may serve as a useful biomonitoring system of pollutants bioaccumulated from marine environments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary We have constructed and analysed somatic cell hybrids from cell lines containing balanced reciprocal translocations involving chromosome 19 and providing two new breakpoints on 19q. These and other hybrids have been tested with a series of markers from 19q to enhance the existing map. Several new cloned DNA sequences that map to 19q13.3–19qter are reported; the locus D19Z1 has been analysed by CHEF gel electrophoresis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 3 (1989), S. 191-206 
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The climatic effects of an elevated uniform global layer of purely absorbing smoke of absorption optical depth 0.2 have been simulated using a version of the 9-level spectral model of McAvaney et al. (1978). The model was run at rhomboidal wave number 21 with convective adjustment, prognostic precipitation and soil hydrology, but fixed zonally averaged climatological cloud and fixed sea surface temperature, for constant January and July conditions with and without smoke absorption. Results show a reduction in convective rainfall in the tropics and monsoonal regions of the order of 50%, with diurnal average soil surface coolings of several degrees C except in those locations where the reduction in soil moisture is sufficient to effectively stop evaporation at the surface. In that case, small increases in temperature may occur. Results over Australia are consistent with the zonal mean picture. Run in a diurnal cycle mode, the model shows that daily maximum temperatures are more strongly affected, with soil surface coolings of the order of 2°–3° C in summer (with some local warmings) and 4°–6° C in winter. Overninght minimum temperatures cool by only 1°–2° C in both summer and winter. Possible effects of a lowering of sea surface temperature, variations in cloud cover, neglect of scattering by smoke, and infrared absorption and emission by the smoke are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Climatic change 39 (1998), S. 199-213 
    ISSN: 1573-1480
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Our current understanding of the ability of climate models to provide insight into the possible impacts of the enhanced greenhouse effect on the climatology of tropical cyclones and extreme rainfall events is reviewed. At present, because of the insufficient resolution of climate models and their generally crude representation of sub-gridscale and convective processes, little confidence can be placed in any definite predictions of such effects, although a tendency for more heavy rainfall events seems likely, and a modest increase in tropical cyclone intensities is possible. In the view of the authors, it would be unwise to exclude substantial local changes in the climatologies of these phenomena, especially at a regional (sub-continental) scale.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant and soil 81 (1984), S. 291-293 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Casuarinaceae ; Citrulline ; Frankia ; Nitrogen ; Nutrition ; Xylem sap
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The major nitrogenous compound in the xylem sap ofCasuarina equisetifolia is citrulline, irrespective of nitrogen nutrition (dinitrogen fixation, nitrate or ammonium). The detection of citrulline in non-nodulated Casuarina suggests that its formation is not confined to root nodules. This precludes the possibility of using the relative citrulline content of xylem sap for quantification of N2 fixation in Casuarina. The possibility exists, however, that the relative abundance of citrulline to other nitrogenous compounds (e.g. amides or nitrate) in the xylem sap could be used as an indicator of N2 fixation and should be evaluated further.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Bradyrhizobium japonicum ; C3A fast-growing rhizobia ; Glycine max ; Rhizobium fredii ; B1130 ; USDA191
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Two rhizobial strains (QB1130 and C3A) from northeast China were identified asRhizobium fredii on the basis of growth rate, media acidification and growth on a wide range of carbon substrates. The strains were shown to be distinct from USDA 191 on the basis of plasmid number and size. Bothnif and commonnod genes were located on the 295 kb plasmid of strains QB1130 and USDA 191, while onlynif genes were identified on this plasmid in C3A. When used to inoculate four commercial soybean (Glycine max) cultivars, one of the strains (C3A) was found to be ineffective, while the other (QB1130) was at least as effective as USDA 191, a strain ofR. fredii reported to be widely effective on North American cultivars of soybean. Further, QB1130 was capable of more effective nodulation of cowpea or the uncultivated soybean line, Peking, than either USDA 191 or the slow-growingBradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 16. Strain QB1130 should be useful for studies directed at improving symbiotic performance in soybean, or for studies of the comparative physiology and genetics of FG and SG strains on a single host.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 92 (1996), S. 159-169 
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Schlagwort(e): Australia ; coastal resources ; limited area models ; storm surges ; tropical cyclones
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Notizen: Abstract The behavior of tropical cyclones under enhanced greenhouse conditions has been the subject of considerable speculation. Typical spatial scales of these cyclones are on the order of tens to hundreds of kilometers. Therefore they cannot be simulated in global climate models with resolutions of several hundred kilometers. Thus speculation has been largely based on extrapolation from their present observed distribution, and on simple parametric relationships. However, the conditions under which tropical cyclones form, the intensities they reach, and their usual paths depend on a number of dynamic and thermodynamic factors that may change in complex ways with changing climate. Recent studies using finer resolution global and regional climate models, sensitivity studies that model individual cyclones, and parametric studies have been reviewed. These suggest that the future behavior of tropical cyclones remains an open question, with changes of either sign possible in numbers and intensities. The paper also describes the combined effect on coastal inundation of mean sea level rise and changes in storm surges due to tropical and extratropical cyclones. Impact studies highlight the importance of taking both these factors into account and the highly site-specific nature of the problem.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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