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  • 1
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    TRIM24 links a non-canonical histone signature to breast cancer (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-12-18
    Description: Recognition of modified histone species by distinct structural domains within 'reader' proteins plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression. Readers that simultaneously recognize histones with multiple marks allow transduction of complex chromatin modification patterns into specific biological outcomes. Here we report that chromatin regulator tripartite motif-containing 24 (TRIM24) functions in humans as a reader of dual histone marks by means of tandem plant homeodomain (PHD) and bromodomain (Bromo) regions. The three-dimensional structure of the PHD-Bromo region of TRIM24 revealed a single functional unit for combinatorial recognition of unmodified H3K4 (that is, histone H3 unmodified at lysine 4, H3K4me0) and acetylated H3K23 (histone H3 acetylated at lysine 23, H3K23ac) within the same histone tail. TRIM24 binds chromatin and oestrogen receptor to activate oestrogen-dependent genes associated with cellular proliferation and tumour development. Aberrant expression of TRIM24 negatively correlates with survival of breast cancer patients. The PHD-Bromo of TRIM24 provides a structural rationale for chromatin activation through a non-canonical histone signature, establishing a new route by which chromatin readers may influence cancer pathogenesis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3058826/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3058826/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tsai, Wen-Wei -- Wang, Zhanxin -- Yiu, Teresa T -- Akdemir, Kadir C -- Xia, Weiya -- Winter, Stefan -- Tsai, Cheng-Yu -- Shi, Xiaobing -- Schwarzer, Dirk -- Plunkett, William -- Aronow, Bruce -- Gozani, Or -- Fischle, Wolfgang -- Hung, Mien-Chie -- Patel, Dinshaw J -- Barton, Michelle Craig -- GM079641/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM081627/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 GM081627/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 GM081627-010003/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 GM081627-020003/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 EB009998/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- P30DK078392-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- T32 HD07325/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- U54 RR025216/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- UL1 TR000077/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Dec 16;468(7326):927-32. doi: 10.1038/nature09542.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Program in Genes and Development, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21164480" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylation ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics/*metabolism/pathology ; Carrier Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chromatin/metabolism ; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism ; Estrogens/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics ; HEK293 Cells ; Histones/chemistry/*metabolism ; Humans ; Methylation ; Protein Array Analysis ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Substrate Specificity ; Survival Rate
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Somatic mutations affect key pathways in lung adenocarcinoma (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-10-25
    Description: Determining the genetic basis of cancer requires comprehensive analyses of large collections of histopathologically well-classified primary tumours. Here we report the results of a collaborative study to discover somatic mutations in 188 human lung adenocarcinomas. DNA sequencing of 623 genes with known or potential relationships to cancer revealed more than 1,000 somatic mutations across the samples. Our analysis identified 26 genes that are mutated at significantly high frequencies and thus are probably involved in carcinogenesis. The frequently mutated genes include tyrosine kinases, among them the EGFR homologue ERBB4; multiple ephrin receptor genes, notably EPHA3; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor KDR; and NTRK genes. These data provide evidence of somatic mutations in primary lung adenocarcinoma for several tumour suppressor genes involved in other cancers--including NF1, APC, RB1 and ATM--and for sequence changes in PTPRD as well as the frequently deleted gene LRP1B. The observed mutational profiles correlate with clinical features, smoking status and DNA repair defects. These results are reinforced by data integration including single nucleotide polymorphism array and gene expression array. Our findings shed further light on several important signalling pathways involved in lung adenocarcinoma, and suggest new molecular targets for treatment.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2694412/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2694412/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ding, Li -- Getz, Gad -- Wheeler, David A -- Mardis, Elaine R -- McLellan, Michael D -- Cibulskis, Kristian -- Sougnez, Carrie -- Greulich, Heidi -- Muzny, Donna M -- Morgan, Margaret B -- Fulton, Lucinda -- Fulton, Robert S -- Zhang, Qunyuan -- Wendl, Michael C -- Lawrence, Michael S -- Larson, David E -- Chen, Ken -- Dooling, David J -- Sabo, Aniko -- Hawes, Alicia C -- Shen, Hua -- Jhangiani, Shalini N -- Lewis, Lora R -- Hall, Otis -- Zhu, Yiming -- Mathew, Tittu -- Ren, Yanru -- Yao, Jiqiang -- Scherer, Steven E -- Clerc, Kerstin -- Metcalf, Ginger A -- Ng, Brian -- Milosavljevic, Aleksandar -- Gonzalez-Garay, Manuel L -- Osborne, John R -- Meyer, Rick -- Shi, Xiaoqi -- Tang, Yuzhu -- Koboldt, Daniel C -- Lin, Ling -- Abbott, Rachel -- Miner, Tracie L -- Pohl, Craig -- Fewell, Ginger -- Haipek, Carrie -- Schmidt, Heather -- Dunford-Shore, Brian H -- Kraja, Aldi -- Crosby, Seth D -- Sawyer, Christopher S -- Vickery, Tammi -- Sander, Sacha -- Robinson, Jody -- Winckler, Wendy -- Baldwin, Jennifer -- Chirieac, Lucian R -- Dutt, Amit -- Fennell, Tim -- Hanna, Megan -- Johnson, Bruce E -- Onofrio, Robert C -- Thomas, Roman K -- Tonon, Giovanni -- Weir, Barbara A -- Zhao, Xiaojun -- Ziaugra, Liuda -- Zody, Michael C -- Giordano, Thomas -- Orringer, Mark B -- Roth, Jack A -- Spitz, Margaret R -- Wistuba, Ignacio I -- Ozenberger, Bradley -- Good, Peter J -- Chang, Andrew C -- Beer, David G -- Watson, Mark A -- Ladanyi, Marc -- Broderick, Stephen -- Yoshizawa, Akihiko -- Travis, William D -- Pao, William -- Province, Michael A -- Weinstock, George M -- Varmus, Harold E -- Gabriel, Stacey B -- Lander, Eric S -- Gibbs, Richard A -- Meyerson, Matthew -- Wilson, Richard K -- P50 CA070907/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA154365/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U19 CA084953/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U19 CA084953-050003/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003067-04/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 23;455(7216):1069-75. doi: 10.1038/nature07423.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Genome Center at Washington University, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63108, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18948947" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/*genetics ; Female ; Gene Dosage ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/*genetics ; Male ; Mutation/*genetics ; Proto-Oncogenes/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    DNA sequencing of a cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia genome (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-11-07
    Description: Acute myeloid leukaemia is a highly malignant haematopoietic tumour that affects about 13,000 adults in the United States each year. The treatment of this disease has changed little in the past two decades, because most of the genetic events that initiate the disease remain undiscovered. Whole-genome sequencing is now possible at a reasonable cost and timeframe to use this approach for the unbiased discovery of tumour-specific somatic mutations that alter the protein-coding genes. Here we present the results obtained from sequencing a typical acute myeloid leukaemia genome, and its matched normal counterpart obtained from the same patient's skin. We discovered ten genes with acquired mutations; two were previously described mutations that are thought to contribute to tumour progression, and eight were new mutations present in virtually all tumour cells at presentation and relapse, the function of which is not yet known. Our study establishes whole-genome sequencing as an unbiased method for discovering cancer-initiating mutations in previously unidentified genes that may respond to targeted therapies.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2603574/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2603574/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ley, Timothy J -- Mardis, Elaine R -- Ding, Li -- Fulton, Bob -- McLellan, Michael D -- Chen, Ken -- Dooling, David -- Dunford-Shore, Brian H -- McGrath, Sean -- Hickenbotham, Matthew -- Cook, Lisa -- Abbott, Rachel -- Larson, David E -- Koboldt, Dan C -- Pohl, Craig -- Smith, Scott -- Hawkins, Amy -- Abbott, Scott -- Locke, Devin -- Hillier, Ladeana W -- Miner, Tracie -- Fulton, Lucinda -- Magrini, Vincent -- Wylie, Todd -- Glasscock, Jarret -- Conyers, Joshua -- Sander, Nathan -- Shi, Xiaoqi -- Osborne, John R -- Minx, Patrick -- Gordon, David -- Chinwalla, Asif -- Zhao, Yu -- Ries, Rhonda E -- Payton, Jacqueline E -- Westervelt, Peter -- Tomasson, Michael H -- Watson, Mark -- Baty, Jack -- Ivanovich, Jennifer -- Heath, Sharon -- Shannon, William D -- Nagarajan, Rakesh -- Walter, Matthew J -- Link, Daniel C -- Graubert, Timothy A -- DiPersio, John F -- Wilson, Richard K -- U54 HG002042/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG002042-05/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 6;456(7218):66-72. doi: 10.1038/nature07485.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18987736" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Case-Control Studies ; Disease Progression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/*genetics ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; Genomics ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/*genetics ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Recurrence ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Deletion ; Skin/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Tankyrase inhibition stabilizes axin and antagonizes Wnt signalling (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-09-18
    Description: The stability of the Wnt pathway transcription factor beta-catenin is tightly regulated by the multi-subunit destruction complex. Deregulated Wnt pathway activity has been implicated in many cancers, making this pathway an attractive target for anticancer therapies. However, the development of targeted Wnt pathway inhibitors has been hampered by the limited number of pathway components that are amenable to small molecule inhibition. Here, we used a chemical genetic screen to identify a small molecule, XAV939, which selectively inhibits beta-catenin-mediated transcription. XAV939 stimulates beta-catenin degradation by stabilizing axin, the concentration-limiting component of the destruction complex. Using a quantitative chemical proteomic approach, we discovered that XAV939 stabilizes axin by inhibiting the poly-ADP-ribosylating enzymes tankyrase 1 and tankyrase 2. Both tankyrase isoforms interact with a highly conserved domain of axin and stimulate its degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Thus, our study provides new mechanistic insights into the regulation of axin protein homeostasis and presents new avenues for targeted Wnt pathway therapies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, Shih-Min A -- Mishina, Yuji M -- Liu, Shanming -- Cheung, Atwood -- Stegmeier, Frank -- Michaud, Gregory A -- Charlat, Olga -- Wiellette, Elizabeth -- Zhang, Yue -- Wiessner, Stephanie -- Hild, Marc -- Shi, Xiaoying -- Wilson, Christopher J -- Mickanin, Craig -- Myer, Vic -- Fazal, Aleem -- Tomlinson, Ronald -- Serluca, Fabrizio -- Shao, Wenlin -- Cheng, Hong -- Shultz, Michael -- Rau, Christina -- Schirle, Markus -- Schlegl, Judith -- Ghidelli, Sonja -- Fawell, Stephen -- Lu, Chris -- Curtis, Daniel -- Kirschner, Marc W -- Lengauer, Christoph -- Finan, Peter M -- Tallarico, John A -- Bouwmeester, Tewis -- Porter, Jeffery A -- Bauer, Andreas -- Cong, Feng -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 1;461(7264):614-20. doi: 10.1038/nature08356. Epub 2009 Sep 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19759537" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Axin Protein ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy/metabolism ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/pharmacology ; Humans ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Proteomics ; Repressor Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction/*drug effects ; Tankyrases/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects ; Ubiquitin/metabolism ; Ubiquitination ; Wnt Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; beta Catenin/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Cleavage of GSDMD by inflammatory caspases determines pyroptotic cell death (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-17
    Description: Inflammatory caspases (caspase-1, -4, -5 and -11) are critical for innate defences. Caspase-1 is activated by ligands of various canonical inflammasomes, and caspase-4, -5 and -11 directly recognize bacterial lipopolysaccharide, both of which trigger pyroptosis. Despite the crucial role in immunity and endotoxic shock, the mechanism for pyroptosis induction by inflammatory caspases is unknown. Here we identify gasdermin D (Gsdmd) by genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease screens of caspase-11- and caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis in mouse bone marrow macrophages. GSDMD-deficient cells resisted the induction of pyroptosis by cytosolic lipopolysaccharide and known canonical inflammasome ligands. Interleukin-1beta release was also diminished in Gsdmd(-/-) cells, despite intact processing by caspase-1. Caspase-1 and caspase-4/5/11 specifically cleaved the linker between the amino-terminal gasdermin-N and carboxy-terminal gasdermin-C domains in GSDMD, which was required and sufficient for pyroptosis. The cleavage released the intramolecular inhibition on the gasdermin-N domain that showed intrinsic pyroptosis-inducing activity. Other gasdermin family members were not cleaved by inflammatory caspases but shared the autoinhibition; gain-of-function mutations in Gsdma3 that cause alopecia and skin defects disrupted the autoinhibition, allowing its gasdermin-N domain to trigger pyroptosis. These findings offer insight into inflammasome-mediated immunity/diseases and also change our understanding of pyroptosis and programmed necrosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shi, Jianjin -- Zhao, Yue -- Wang, Kun -- Shi, Xuyan -- Wang, Yue -- Huang, Huanwei -- Zhuang, Yinghua -- Cai, Tao -- Wang, Fengchao -- Shao, Feng -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Oct 29;526(7575):660-5. doi: 10.1038/nature15514. Epub 2015 Sep 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, China. ; National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China. ; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. ; National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing 102206, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26375003" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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  • 6
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    Mapping copy number variation by population-scale genome sequencing (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-05
    Description: Genomic structural variants (SVs) are abundant in humans, differing from other forms of variation in extent, origin and functional impact. Despite progress in SV characterization, the nucleotide resolution architecture of most SVs remains unknown. We constructed a map of unbalanced SVs (that is, copy number variants) based on whole genome DNA sequencing data from 185 human genomes, integrating evidence from complementary SV discovery approaches with extensive experimental validations. Our map encompassed 22,025 deletions and 6,000 additional SVs, including insertions and tandem duplications. Most SVs (53%) were mapped to nucleotide resolution, which facilitated analysing their origin and functional impact. We examined numerous whole and partial gene deletions with a genotyping approach and observed a depletion of gene disruptions amongst high frequency deletions. Furthermore, we observed differences in the size spectra of SVs originating from distinct formation mechanisms, and constructed a map of SV hotspots formed by common mechanisms. Our analytical framework and SV map serves as a resource for sequencing-based association studies.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3077050/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3077050/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mills, Ryan E -- Walter, Klaudia -- Stewart, Chip -- Handsaker, Robert E -- Chen, Ken -- Alkan, Can -- Abyzov, Alexej -- Yoon, Seungtai Chris -- Ye, Kai -- Cheetham, R Keira -- Chinwalla, Asif -- Conrad, Donald F -- Fu, Yutao -- Grubert, Fabian -- Hajirasouliha, Iman -- Hormozdiari, Fereydoun -- Iakoucheva, Lilia M -- Iqbal, Zamin -- Kang, Shuli -- Kidd, Jeffrey M -- Konkel, Miriam K -- Korn, Joshua -- Khurana, Ekta -- Kural, Deniz -- Lam, Hugo Y K -- Leng, Jing -- Li, Ruiqiang -- Li, Yingrui -- Lin, Chang-Yun -- Luo, Ruibang -- Mu, Xinmeng Jasmine -- Nemesh, James -- Peckham, Heather E -- Rausch, Tobias -- Scally, Aylwyn -- Shi, Xinghua -- Stromberg, Michael P -- Stutz, Adrian M -- Urban, Alexander Eckehart -- Walker, Jerilyn A -- Wu, Jiantao -- Zhang, Yujun -- Zhang, Zhengdong D -- Batzer, Mark A -- Ding, Li -- Marth, Gabor T -- McVean, Gil -- Sebat, Jonathan -- Snyder, Michael -- Wang, Jun -- Ye, Kenny -- Eichler, Evan E -- Gerstein, Mark B -- Hurles, Matthew E -- Lee, Charles -- McCarroll, Steven A -- Korbel, Jan O -- 1000 Genomes Project -- 062023/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 077009/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 077014/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 077192/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 085532/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0701805/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G1000758/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- P01 HG004120/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P41 HG004221/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P41 HG004221-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P41 HG004221-02/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P41 HG004221-03/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P41 HG004221-03S1/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P41 HG004221-03S2/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P41 HG004221-03S3/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM059290/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM081533/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM081533-01A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM081533-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM081533-03/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM081533-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM59290/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004719/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004719-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004719-02/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004719-02S1/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004719-03/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004719-04/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH091350/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- RC2 HG005552/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- RC2 HG005552-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- RC2 HG005552-02/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HG005209/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HG005209-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HG005209-02/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Feb 3;470(7332):59-65. doi: 10.1038/nature09708.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21293372" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA Copy Number Variations/*genetics ; Gene Duplication/genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics ; *Genetics, Population ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; *Genomics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Mutagenesis, Insertional/genetics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Deletion/genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Ca2+ regulates T-cell receptor activation by modulating the charge property of lipids (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2012-12-04
    Description: Ionic protein-lipid interactions are critical for the structure and function of membrane receptors, ion channels, integrins and many other proteins. However, the regulatory mechanism of these interactions is largely unknown. Here we show that Ca(2+) can bind directly to anionic phospholipids and thus modulate membrane protein function. The activation of T-cell antigen receptor-CD3 complex (TCR), a key membrane receptor for adaptive immunity, is regulated by ionic interactions between positively charged CD3epsilon/zeta cytoplasmic domains (CD3(CD)) and negatively charged phospholipids in the plasma membrane. Crucial tyrosines are buried in the membrane and are largely protected from phosphorylation in resting T cells. It is not clear how CD3(CD) dissociates from the membrane in antigen-stimulated T cells. The antigen engagement of even a single TCR triggers a Ca(2+) influx and TCR-proximal Ca(2+) concentration is higher than the average cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration. Our biochemical, live-cell fluorescence resonance energy transfer and NMR experiments showed that an increase in Ca(2+) concentration induced the dissociation of CD3(CD) from the membrane and the solvent exposure of tyrosine residues. As a consequence, CD3 tyrosine phosphorylation was significantly enhanced by Ca(2+) influx. Moreover, when compared with wild-type cells, Ca(2+) channel-deficient T cells had substantially lower levels of CD3 phosphorylation after stimulation. The effect of Ca(2+) on facilitating CD3 phosphorylation is primarily due to the charge of this ion, as demonstrated by the fact that replacing Ca(2+) with the non-physiological ion Sr(2+) resulted in the same feedback effect. Finally, (31)P NMR spectroscopy showed that Ca(2+) bound to the phosphate group in anionic phospholipids at physiological concentrations, thus neutralizing the negative charge of phospholipids. Rather than initiating CD3 phosphorylation, this regulatory pathway of Ca(2+) has a positive feedback effect on amplifying and sustaining CD3 phosphorylation and should enhance T-cell sensitivity to foreign antigens. Our study thus provides a new regulatory mechanism of Ca(2+) to T-cell activation involving direct lipid manipulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shi, Xiaoshan -- Bi, Yunchen -- Yang, Wei -- Guo, Xingdong -- Jiang, Yan -- Wan, Chanjuan -- Li, Lunyi -- Bai, Yibing -- Guo, Jun -- Wang, Yujuan -- Chen, Xiangjun -- Wu, Bo -- Sun, Hongbin -- Liu, Wanli -- Wang, Junfeng -- Xu, Chenqi -- England -- Nature. 2013 Jan 3;493(7430):111-5. doi: 10.1038/nature11699. Epub 2012 Dec 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23201688" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Feedback, Physiological/drug effects ; Humans ; Jurkat Cells ; Lipid Bilayers/chemistry/metabolism ; *Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects ; Mice ; Phospholipids/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation/drug effects ; Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell/drug effects/immunology/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Solvents/chemistry/metabolism ; Static Electricity ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects/immunology/*metabolism ; Tyrosine/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    ZMYND11 links histone H3.3K36me3 to transcription elongation and tumour suppression (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-05
    Description: Recognition of modified histones by 'reader' proteins plays a critical role in the regulation of chromatin. H3K36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) is deposited onto the nucleosomes in the transcribed regions after RNA polymerase II elongation. In yeast, this mark in turn recruits epigenetic regulators to reset the chromatin to a relatively repressive state, thus suppressing cryptic transcription. However, much less is known about the role of H3K36me3 in transcription regulation in mammals. This is further complicated by the transcription-coupled incorporation of the histone variant H3.3 in gene bodies. Here we show that the candidate tumour suppressor ZMYND11 specifically recognizes H3K36me3 on H3.3 (H3.3K36me3) and regulates RNA polymerase II elongation. Structural studies show that in addition to the trimethyl-lysine binding by an aromatic cage within the PWWP domain, the H3.3-dependent recognition is mediated by the encapsulation of the H3.3-specific 'Ser 31' residue in a composite pocket formed by the tandem bromo-PWWP domains of ZMYND11. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing shows a genome-wide co-localization of ZMYND11 with H3K36me3 and H3.3 in gene bodies, and its occupancy requires the pre-deposition of H3.3K36me3. Although ZMYND11 is associated with highly expressed genes, it functions as an unconventional transcription co-repressor by modulating RNA polymerase II at the elongation stage. ZMYND11 is critical for the repression of a transcriptional program that is essential for tumour cell growth; low expression levels of ZMYND11 in breast cancer patients correlate with worse prognosis. Consistently, overexpression of ZMYND11 suppresses cancer cell growth in vitro and tumour formation in mice. Together, this study identifies ZMYND11 as an H3.3-specific reader of H3K36me3 that links the histone-variant-mediated transcription elongation control to tumour suppression.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4142212/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4142212/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wen, Hong -- Li, Yuanyuan -- Xi, Yuanxin -- Jiang, Shiming -- Stratton, Sabrina -- Peng, Danni -- Tanaka, Kaori -- Ren, Yongfeng -- Xia, Zheng -- Wu, Jun -- Li, Bing -- Barton, Michelle C -- Li, Wei -- Li, Haitao -- Shi, Xiaobing -- CA016672/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA016672/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM090077/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG007538/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01GM090077/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01HG007538/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Apr 10;508(7495):263-8. doi: 10.1038/nature13045. Epub 2014 Mar 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA [2] Center for Cancer Epigenetics, Center for Genetics and Genomics, and Center for Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA [3]. ; 1] MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [2] Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [3]. ; 1] Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA [2]. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. ; 1] MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [2] Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. ; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. ; Department of Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA. ; 1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA [2] Center for Cancer Epigenetics, Center for Genetics and Genomics, and Center for Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA [3] Genes and Development Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Teaxs 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24590075" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism/*pathology ; Carrier Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Chromatin/genetics/metabolism ; Co-Repressor Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics ; Histones/chemistry/*metabolism ; Humans ; Lysine/*metabolism ; Methylation ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oncogenes/genetics ; Prognosis ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; RNA Polymerase II/*metabolism ; Substrate Specificity ; *Transcription Elongation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Convergence of electronic bands for high performance bulk thermoelectrics (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2011-05-06
    Description: Thermoelectric generators, which directly convert heat into electricity, have long been relegated to use in space-based or other niche applications, but are now being actively considered for a variety of practical waste heat recovery systems-such as the conversion of car exhaust heat into electricity. Although these devices can be very reliable and compact, the thermoelectric materials themselves are relatively inefficient: to facilitate widespread application, it will be desirable to identify or develop materials that have an intensive thermoelectric materials figure of merit, zT, above 1.5 (ref. 1). Many different concepts have been used in the search for new materials with high thermoelectric efficiency, such as the use of nanostructuring to reduce phonon thermal conductivity, which has led to the investigation of a variety of complex material systems. In this vein, it is well known that a high valley degeneracy (typically 〈/=6 for known thermoelectrics) in the electronic bands is conducive to high zT, and this in turn has stimulated attempts to engineer such degeneracy by adopting low-dimensional nanostructures. Here we demonstrate that it is possible to direct the convergence of many valleys in a bulk material by tuning the doping and composition. By this route, we achieve a convergence of at least 12 valleys in doped PbTe(1-x)Se(x) alloys, leading to an extraordinary zT value of 1.8 at about 850 kelvin. Band engineering to converge the valence (or conduction) bands to achieve high valley degeneracy should be a general strategy in the search for and improvement of bulk thermoelectric materials, because it simultaneously leads to a high Seebeck coefficient and high electrical conductivity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pei, Yanzhong -- Shi, Xiaoya -- LaLonde, Aaron -- Wang, Heng -- Chen, Lidong -- Snyder, G Jeffrey -- England -- Nature. 2011 May 5;473(7345):66-9. doi: 10.1038/nature09996.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21544143" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Ocean oxygenation in the wake of the Marinoan glaciation (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2012-09-29
    Description: Metazoans are likely to have their roots in the Cryogenian period, but there is a marked increase in the appearance of novel animal and algae fossils shortly after the termination of the late Cryogenian (Marinoan) glaciation about 635 million years ago. It has been suggested that an oxygenation event in the wake of the severe Marinoan glaciation was the driving factor behind this early diversification of metazoans and the shift in ecosystem complexity. But there is little evidence for an increase in oceanic or atmospheric oxygen following the Marinoan glaciation, or for a direct link between early animal evolution and redox conditions in general. Models linking trends in early biological evolution to shifts in Earth system processes thus remain controversial. Here we report geochemical data from early Ediacaran organic-rich black shales ( approximately 635-630 million years old) of the basal Doushantuo Formation in South China. High enrichments of molybdenum and vanadium and low pyrite sulphur isotope values (Delta(34)S values 〉/=65 per mil) in these shales record expansion of the oceanic inventory of redox-sensitive metals and the growth of the marine sulphate reservoir in response to a widely oxygenated ocean. The data provide evidence for an early Ediacaran oxygenation event, which pre-dates the previous estimates for post-Marinoan oxygenation by more than 50 million years. Our findings seem to support a link between the most severe glaciations in Earth's history, the oxygenation of the Earth's surface environments, and the earliest diversification of animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sahoo, Swapan K -- Planavsky, Noah J -- Kendall, Brian -- Wang, Xinqiang -- Shi, Xiaoying -- Scott, Clint -- Anbar, Ariel D -- Lyons, Timothy W -- Jiang, Ganqing -- England -- Nature. 2012 Sep 27;489(7417):546-9. doi: 10.1038/nature11445.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geoscience, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23018964" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atmosphere/chemistry ; Biodiversity ; *Biological Evolution ; China ; Fossils ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; History, Ancient ; *Ice Cover ; Iron/analysis/chemistry ; Molybdenum/analysis ; Oceans and Seas ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/*analysis/metabolism ; Seawater/*chemistry ; Sulfides/analysis/chemistry ; Sulfur Isotopes ; Trace Elements/analysis/chemistry ; Vanadium/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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