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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (2)
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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (2)
  • Wiley  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 3 (1980), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Stomatal conductances (gs) were measured on the leaves of 3–4 year old Golden Delicious trees and of seedlings of two other cultivars. Measurements were made on container grown trees in the field with a diffusion porometer in 1975 and 1976, and in controlled conditions in a leaf chamber in the laboratory in 1976. Stomatal densities in the Golden Delicious leaves were assessed from scanning electron micrographs. Stomatal density on extension shoot leaves was higher than on other leaf types after June.The response to irradiance shown by both the porometer and the leaf chamber results could be described by a rectangular hyperbola: 〈displayedItem type="mathematics" xml:id="mu1" numbered="no"〉〈mediaResource alt="image" href="urn:x-wiley:01407791:PCE13:PCE_13_mu1"/〉where gmax is maximum conductance and β indicates the sensitivity of gs to photon influx density (Qp). The values of β were in the range 60–90 μmol m−2 s−1.There was no evidence that apple stomata are sensitive to temperature per se, but gs was reduced by increasing leaf to air vapour pressure deficits (D). There was a linear relationship between gs and D which was not attributable to feed-back to leaf water potential (ψL) as the latter did not affect gs until a threshold of about −2.0 to −2.5 MPa was reached. Conductance generally declined with increasing ambient CO2 concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 3 (1980), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. An empirical model of stomatal response to environmental factors was developed from measurements of stomatal conductance (gs) made in a leaf chamber under controlled conditions. Results presented in a companion paper (Warrit, Landsberg & Thorpe, 1980) indicated that the model could be written in terms of only two factors, photon flux density (Qp) and leaf to air vapour pressure gradient (D). The response of Qp was hyperbolic and that to D linear; combining these the equation of the model is〈displayedItem type="mathematics" xml:id="mu1" numbered="no"〉〈mediaResource alt="image" href="urn:x-wiley:01407791:PCE23:PCE_23_mu1"/〉where gr is a reference conductance, α is the slope of the response to D and β indicates the sensitivity of gs response to Qp. Values of α were 0.20 and 0.30 kPa−1 in June and August; the corresponding values of β were 59 and 79 μmol m−2 s−1.The model was tested against mean values of gs obtained with a porometer in the field, using environmental measurements as inputs. Correspondence between measured and calculated values was good. Transpiration rates were calculated from the Penman-Monteith equation, with stomatal resistance values calculated from the model, and compared with gravimetric measurements of tree water use. It was shown that transpiration could be calculated with acceptable accuracy. The effects of variations in stomatal resistance on transpiration rates under a range of conditions were explored using the model and the Penman- Monteith equation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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