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  • 1970-1974  (7)
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  • 1
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    ERTS-1 views the Great Lakes (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The meteorological content of ERTS images, particularly mesoscale effects of the Great Lakes and air pollution dispersion is summarized. Summertime lake breeze frontal clouds and various winter lake-effect convection patterns and snow squalls are revealed in great detail. A clear-cut spiral vortex over southern Lake Michigan is related to a record early snow storm in the Chicago area. Marked cloud changes induced by orographic and frictional effects on Lake Michigan's lee shore snow squalls are seen. The most important finding, however, is a clear-cut example of alterations in cumulus convection by anthropogenic condensation and/or ice nuclei from northern Indiana steel mills during a snow squall situation. Jet aircraft condensation trails are also found with surprising frequency.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: PAPER-W17 , NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Symp. on Significant Results obtained from the ERTS-1, Vol. 1, Sect. A and B; p 847-854
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    The use of ERTS-1 imagery in air pollution and mesometeorological studies around the Great Lakes (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: ERTS-1 images continue to be highly useful in studies of: (1) long range transport of air pollutants over the Great Lakes; (2) the mesoscale atmospheric dynamics associated with episodic levels of photochemical smog along the western shore of Lake Michigan; and (3) inadvertant weather modification by large industrial complexes. Also unusual wave patterns in fogs and low stratus over the Great Lakes are being detected for the first time due to the satellites high resolution.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY
    Type: PAPER-E1 , NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center 3d ERTS-1 Symp., Vol. 1, Sect. B; p 1491-1504
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Inadvertent weather modification by Chicago-northern Indiana pollution sources observed by ERTS-1 (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Discussion of an apparent case of cloud modification by the effluents from numerous industrial sites in the Chicago-Gary complex. An analysis is made of a series of ERTS-1 images taken over Lake Michigan on Nov. 24, 1972, which apparently show modification of 1.5-km-wide cumulus cloud streets by the effluents of the industries at the southern end of the lake. A close inspection of these images reveals numerous interesting phenomena, the most important of which is the apparent alteration of the cumulus clouds along the axis of the major pollution plumes.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY
    Type: Monthly Weather Review; 102; July 197
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Detection of particulate air pollution plumes from major point sources using ERTS-1 imagery (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS-1) launched by NASA in July 1972 has been providing thousands of high resolution multispectral images of interest to geographers, cartographers, hydrologists, and agroculturists. It has been found possible to detect the long-range (over 50 km) transport of suspected particulate plumes from the Chicago-Gary steel mill complex over Lake Michigan. The observed plumes are readily related to known steel mills, a cement plant, refineries, and fossil-fuel power plants. This has important ramifications when discussing the interregional transport of atmospheric pollutants. Analysis reveals that the Multispectral Scanner Band 5 (0.6 to 0.7 micrometer) provides the best overall contrast between the smoke and the underlying water surface.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: American Meteorological Society; vol. 54
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    The use of ERTS-1 satellite data in Great Lakes mesometeorological studies (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The author has identified the following significant results. In the original proposal, it was hoped that ERTS could, with its extremely high resolution and multispectral capability, detect many meteorological phenomena occurring at the low end of the mesoscale motion spectrum (1 - 100 km). This included convective cloud phenomena, internal wave patterns, air pollution, snow squalls, etc. For meteorologists, ERTS-1 has more than lived up to initial hopes. First-look inspection of images has produced a large number of truly remarkable finds. Some of the most significant are: (1) Images of Lake Ontario during late summer have revealed several extremely good examples of lake breeze frontal cloud patterns. (2) Detection of suspended particulates from Chicago-Gary industrial complex in the 50,000 to 150,000 tons/year category. (3) Inadvertant weather modification due to anthropogenic condensation and ice nuclei from urban areas.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: E73-10464 , NASA-CR-131271
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    ERTS-1 Views the Great Lakes Area (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: ERTS-1 study of mesoscale atmospheric phenomena associated with Great Lakes
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: E73-10271 , PAPER-W17 , NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Water Resources; p 90
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Satellite detection of air pollutants (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: NASA's ERTS-1 satellite, with its high resolution and multispectral capabilities, has been found useful in the detection and analysis of smoke from large point sources (power plants, steel mills, etc.), and widespread atmospheric turbidity associated with atmospheric stagnations. Smoke plumes from the Chicago-Northern Indiana industrial complex have been tracked over Lake Michigan for over 100 km. Experience has shown that smoke plumes are relatively easy to detect over water (in the 0.6-0.7 micrometer band) but much more difficult over land surfaces. Pattern recognition techniques (cluster analysis) were applied to the digital ERTS data, and it was found that the smoke plumes indeed had a unique spectral signature. Studies are currently underway to use measured plume geometries to obtain quantitative estimates of diffusion over water surfaces.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: Remote sensing applied to energy-related problems; Symposium-Course; Dec 02, 1974 - Dec 04, 1974; Miami, FL
    Format: text
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