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  • 1985-1989  (16)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Magma Ocean Concept and Lunar Evolution (1985)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 13 (1985), S. 201-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6597
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ea.13.050185.001221
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Invertebrate predator-prey body size relationships: an explanation for upper triangular food webs and patterns in food web structure? (1987)
    Springer
    Oecologia 74 (1987), S. 231-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Schlagwort(e): Food webs ; Cascade model ; Body size
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary It has been suggested by Cohen and Newman (1985) that many of the patterns in published food webs can be derived from a stochastic model in which the species are arranged in a trophic hierarchy (the ‘cascade model’). We suggest that, if predators are larger than their prey, a trophic hierarchy can be generated on the basis of body size Empirical evidence from the literature shows that there is a positive relationship between predator and prey size for a range of invertebrates and that predators are usually larger than their prey. Using experimental data on an aquatic food web we show that body size can lead to the type of trophic hierarchy used in the cascade model, suggesting that many food web patterns may be a product of body size. This conclusion is discussed with respect to the limitations of the food web data and the relationship between ‘static’ and ‘dynamic’ models of web structure.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379364
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
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    Invertebrate predator-prey body size relationships: an explanation for upper triangular food webs and patterns in food web structure? (1987)
    Springer
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1987-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0029-8549
    Digitale ISSN: 1432-1939
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von Springer
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    AKTUELLE ARTIKEL
  • 4
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    The Magma Ocean Concept and Lunar Evolution (1985)
    Annual Reviews
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0084-6597
    Digitale ISSN: 1545-4495
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Publiziert von Annual Reviews
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    AKTUELLE ARTIKEL
  • 5
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    The origin of pristine KREEP: Effects of mixing between ur KREEP and the magmas parental to the MG-rich cumulates (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: The magnesium/incompatible elements paradox is explained by a model that considers not only the magmasphere, but also its aftermath. A systematic mixing of primitive magnesium rich material with residual liquid is discussed as a method to account for the paradox that KREEP basalts, despite their high incompatible element contents, have moderate magnesium ratios. The KREEP basalts are compared with mare basalts.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Lunary and Planetary Inst. Papers Presented to the Workshop on the Geology and Petrology of the Apollo 15 Landing Site; p 65-67
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Earth's primordial differentiation, and its after-effects (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: The case for massive primordial melting on the Earth is circumstantial (i.e., based mainly on lunar evidence), but nonetheless compelling. The term magma ocean is probably a hyperbole. Among other things, ocean implies the system is virtually 100% liquid, with a mainly gas/liquid upper surface, and a water like viscosity of the order .01 poise. The preferred term for this phenomenon is magmasphere.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Lunar and Planetary Inst. Workshop on the Early Earth: The Interval from Accretion to the Older Archean; p 79-81
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Geochemical confirmation of the lunar magmasphere hypothesis (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-01-25
    Beschreibung: The lunar magmasphere (or magma ocean) hypothesis was originally conceived to account for the enrichment of cumulus plagioclase (Al and Ca) in the main (highlands) portion of the crust. The great age of the highlands, and the complementary pattern of Eu anomalies between the highlands and the younger mare basalts, helped convince most specialists that the magmasphere hypothesis is correct. Doubts persist, however, particularly among physicists concerned about heat sources. It was shown in 1976 that a plot of Na/Ca vs. Mg/Fe for pristine highlands cumulates manifests a profound bimodality: One group, the Mg-rich rocks, plots along a normal igneous trend of inverse correlation between Na/Ca and Mg/Fe; the other group, the ferroan anorthosites (FAN), features low Na/Ca and low Mg/Fe. Only the FAN group can be plausibly linked to plag. flotation over the magmasphere.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Lunar and Planetary Inst. Terrest. Planets: Comp. Planetology; p 23
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Primordial magmaspheres and their lasting consequences (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-01-25
    Beschreibung: The lunar magmasphere is a useful but potentially misleading analog for the earliest evolution of other planetary objects. A significant fraction of the lunar magmasphere became a crust rich in buoyant cumulus plagioclase. Another significant fraction became a series of ultramafic cumulates (the mare basalt sources) complementary to the anorthosite. These events predetermined all subsequent lunar evolution. Empirically, the Moon was big enough to produce a magmasphere. Beyond a depth limit of roughly 200 km, nearly independent of the size of the planet, the remainder of the magmasphere will probably at all times be a single convective, and therefore essentially non-differentiating layer. The fraction of the mantle contained in the outer 200 km is of course inversely related to planet size. Compared to the Moon the Earth's mantle comprises a volume of 40 x greater and a pressure range 30 x greater. Steeper dP/dZ, favoring garnets and pyroxenes, also works to dampen differentiation in larger planets. One long term consequence of the Earth's magmasphere was probably a depletion of H2O in much of the mantle. Because water is a flux for mantle convection, anhydrous parts of the mantle probably had anomalously thick lithospheres and hot asthenospheres.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Lunar and Planetary Inst. Terrest. Planets: Comp. Planetology; p 17
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    The magma ocean concept and lunar evolution (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: The model of lunar evolution in which the anorthositic plagioclase-rich oldest crust of the moon is formed over a period of 300 Myr or less by crystallization as it floats on a global ocean of magma tens or hundreds of km thick is examined in a review of petrological and theoretical studies. Consideration is given to the classification of lunar rocks, the evidence for primordial deep global differentiation, constraints on the depth of the molten zone, the effects of pressure on mineral stability relationships, mainly-liquid vs mainly-magmifer ocean models, and the evidence for multiple ancient differentiation episodes. A synthesis of the model of primordial differentiation and its aftereffects is presented, and the generalization of the model to the earth and to Mars, Mercury, Venus, and the asteroids is discussed.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Megaregolith thickness, heat flow, and the bulk composition of the moon (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: Models developed to assess the effects of megaregolith on lunar thermal evolution are discussed. It is confirmed that the two sites where lunar heat flow was measured are probably unrepresentative, with heat flows about 25 percent higher than regional averages, due to focussing of heat flow towards regions with thin megaregolith. Numerous lines of evidence indicate that the megaregolith is generally 2 to 3 km thick under highlands (which cover about 83 percent of the total lunar surface), and 1 km thick under maria. In most models, megaregolith thickness is assumed to be roughly 6x greater over highlands than over maria. Based on sparse data for porosity among lunar rock types, and the correlation between thermal conductivity and porosity, it is assumed that megaregolith conductivity is roughly 20 kiloerg s(-1)cm(-1)K(-1), and bedrock conductivity is roughly 7x greater. It is also found that insulation by megaregolith exacerbates the problem of reconciling modest temperatures inferred for the (present) mantle with a high rate of heat production; an upper limit of 30 ng/g for the bulk-Moon U content can be derived from this constraint alone.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 313; 121-124
    Format: text
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