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  • 1985-1989  (5)
  • 1
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    Heat trap with flare as multimode antenna (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A heat trap, also called a Winston cone or compound parabolic concentrator, has been designed and built to serve as the beam defining optic for the far-infrared absolute spectrophotometer on the Cosmic Background Explorer satellite. This quasi-optical multimode antenna is coupled to a flared entrance section shaped like a trumpet bell to reduce response to off-axis radiation. The antenna has very low sidelobes over a two-decade frequency range from 1 to 100/cm. Fabrication is described, and stray light data are presented and compared to theory. A novel optical figure test for concentrators is presented.
    Keywords: OPTICS
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 25; 2826-283
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Thermal detectors as single photon X-ray spectrometers (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: In a thermal detector employed for X-ray spectroscopy applications, the energy of an X-ray is converted to heat in a small mass, and the energy of that X-ray inferred from the size of the temperature rise. The present investigation is concerned with the possibility to make an extremely low heat capacity calorimeter which can be employed as a thermal detector. Several types of calorimeters were fabricated and tested at temperatures as low as approximately 0.05 K. The obtained devices make use of thermistors constructed of melt-doped silicon, nuclear transmutation doped (NTD) germanium, and ion-implanted silicon with a variety of materials for the support and electrical leads. The utility of these microcalorimeters as X-ray spectrometers could be verified.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-32; 134-138
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Submillimeter and millimeter wave characterization of absorbing materials (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Several microwave absorbers have been characterized in terms of transmittance and reflectance at frequencies between 35 GHz and 3 THz. The materials studied were a series of iron-loaded cast epoxy absorbers known as Eccosorb. Measurements show that reflectance and absorption coefficient increase with the iron density. A dramatic decrease, by as much as a factor of 2, in absorption coefficient was observed when the samples were cooled from ambient to cryogenic temperatures. A blackbody calibrator to be operated at liquid helium temperature was constructed using the measured optical constants for these absorbers. The measured absorption coefficient for cold Eccosorb CR-110 is within 20 percent of that reported recently by Peterson and Richards.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 24; 4489-449
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Michelson interferometer with separated inputs and outputs, double pass, and compensation (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A novel configuration is proposed for a Michelson interferometer spectrometer, which will be insensitive to tilts or displacements, and which employs separated inputs and outputs and double passing for higher resolution. The great advantage of such a compensated design is a relaxation of mechanical tolerances, which is especially beneficial for instruments in hostile environments. The Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy project, which must work reliably after being subjected to the vibrations of a Space Shuttle launch, would benefit from the use of such an instrument.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 24; 3437
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Capabilities of the cosmic background explorer (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The cosmic background explorer, now being redesigned for a launch on a Delta rocket in 1989, will carry three instruments to measure the cosmic infrared and microwave background radiation and other diffuse sources from 1 micron to 1 cm wavelength. These instruments will be orders of magnitude more sensitive and accurate than previous equipment and will help determine the structure of the early universe. The instruments are (1) an absolute spectrophotometer, covering 100 microns to 1 cm, (2) an absolute infrared radiometer covering 1 to 300 microns, and (3) differential microwave radiometers at 32, 53, and 90 GHz. They will measure the large scale anisotropy and the spectrum of the 3 K cosmic background, and search for the extragalactic infrared background, to a sensitivity limited by the astrophysical environment. The first two instruments require liquid helium cooling, limiting their lifetime to about 14 months.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
    Type: Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics; Dec 14, 1986 - Dec 19, 1986; Chicago, IL; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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