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Dynamics of microfilaments are similar, but distinct from microtubules during cytokinesis in living, dividing plant cells (1993)

Zhang, Dahong ; Wadsworth, Patricia ; Hepler, Peter K.

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 24 (1993), S. 151-155

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ISSN: 0886-1544

Keywords: carboxyfluorescein tubulin ; cell plate formation ; confocal microscopy ; phragmoplast ; rhodamine phalloidin ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: The development and dynamics of the phragmoplast cytoskeleton have been analyzed in living stamen hair cells of Tradescantia. Microtubules and actin microfilaments have been identified by microinjecting either carboxyfluorescein labeled brain tubulin or rhodamine phalloidin. Examination with the confocal laser scanning microscope has permitted sequential imaging of the fluorescent cytoskeletal elements in single living cells progressing through division. Phragmoplast microtubules initially emerge through the lateral coalescence of preexisting interzone microtubules. As cytokinesis progresses, these tightly clustered microtubules shorten in length and expand centrifugally toward the cell periphery. By contrast, the phragmoplast microfilaments appear to arise de novo in late anaphase in close association with the proximal surfaces of the reconstituting daughter nuclei. The microfilaments are oriented parallel to the microtubules but conspicuously do not occupy the equatorial region where microtubules interdigitate and where the cell plate vesicles aggregate and fuse. As development proceeds the microfilaments shorten in length and expand in girth, similar to microtubules, although they remain excluded from the cell plate region. In terminal phases of cell plate formation, microtubules degrade first in the central regions of the phragmoplast and later toward the edges, whereas microfilaments break down more uniformly throughout the phragmoplast. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Additional Material: 2 Ill.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970240302

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Chromosome fiber dynamics and congression oscillations in metaphase PtK2 Cells at 23°C (1991)

Wise, Dwayne ; Cassimeris, Lynne ; Rieder, Conly L. ; [et al.]

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 18 (1991), S. 131-142

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ISSN: 0886-1544

Keywords: mitosis ; microtubules ; tubulin incorporation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: A bioriented chromosome is tethered to opposite spindle poles during congression by bundles of kinetochore microtubules (kMts). At room temperature, kinetochore fibers are a dominant component of mitotic spindles of PtK2 cells. PtK2 cells at room temperature were injected with purified tubulin covalently bound to DTAF and congression movements of individual chromosomes were recorded in time lapse. Congression movements of bioriented chromosomes between the poles occur over distances of 4.5 μm or greater. DTAF-tubulin injection had no effect on either the velocity or extent of these movements. Other cells were lysed, fixed, and the location of DTAF-tubulin incorporation was detected from digitally processed images of indirect immunofluorescence of an antibody to DTAF. Microtubules were labeled with an anti-beta tubulin antibody. At 2-5 minutes after injection, concentrated DTAF-tubulin staining was seen in the kinetochore fibers proximal to the kinetochores; a low concentration of DTAF-tubulin staining occurred at various sites through the remaining length of the fibers toward the pole. Kinetochore fibers in the same cell displayed different lengths (0.2 to 4 μm) of concentrated DTAF-tubulin incorporation proximal to the kinetochore, as did sister kinetochore fibers. Ten minutes after injection, the lengths of DTAF-containing chromosomal fibers were greater than expected if incorporation resulted solely from the lengthening of kinetochore microtubules due to congression movements of the chromosomes. Besides incorporation as a result of chromosome movement, two other mechanisms might explain the length of the DTAF-containing segments: (1) a poleward flux of tubulin subunits (Mitchison, 1989) or (2) capture of DTAF-containing nonkinetochore microtubules.

Additional Material: 8 Ill.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970180208

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