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  • 1990-1994  (71)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ionization of thermal and hyperthermal beams of Na, K, and Cs on Si(111) surfaces (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 92 (1990), S. 3899-3908 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Measurement of the energy dependence of the yields of Na+, K+, and Cs+ ions formed when beams of the corresponding alkali atoms M hit a Si(111) surface and of Na+ for Na striking a Pt surface at a temperature T are those expected for equilibrium for thermal kinetic energies E of the incident atoms. Above a threshold energy of 0.5–1.0 eV the yields rise rapidly to maxima greater than 0.1 and then remain approximately constant as the energy increases to 100 eV. They are nearly independent of T in the range 300–1100 K. The results are represented well by a classical model having (1) a rate of electron transfer that varies exponentially with the distance z of M from the surface, (2) potentials that slow the incoming atom down as it nears the surface, and (3) energy transfer by elastic two-body collisions with the surface represented as hard cubes, each having the mass of an integral number n of surface atoms. At z=5 A(ring) the rate on Si for Na and K is 1012.5±0.2 s−1 with n equal to 3 and 5, respectively, while for Cs it is three times less with n equal to 20. For Na on Pt it is 1012.9±0.1 s−1 with n equal to 1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.457796
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simplified modeling of transition to detonation in porous energetic materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 6 (1994), S. 2515-2534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A simplified model that can predict the transitions from compaction to detonation and shock to detonation is given with the aim of describing experiments in beds of porous HMX. In the case of compaction to detonation, the energy of early impact generates a slowly moving, convective-reactive deflagration that expands near the piston face and evolves in a manner that is characteristic of confined deflagration to detonation transition. A single-phase state variable theory is adopted in contrast to a two-phase axiomatic mixture theory. The ability of the porous material to compact is treated as an endothermic process. Reaction is treated as an exothermic process. The algebraic (Rankine–Hugoniot) steady wave analysis is given for inert compaction waves and steady detonation waves in a piston supported configuration, typical of the experiments carried out in porous HMX. A structure analysis of the steady compaction wave is given. Numerical simulations of deflagration to detonation are carried out for parameters that describe an HMX-like material and compared with the experiments. The simple model predicts the high density plug that is observed in the experiments and suggests that the leading front of the plug is a secondary compaction wave. A shock to detonation transition is also numerically simulated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.868140
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of trampling on the soils of the St James Walkway, New Zealand (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 8 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. The influence of trampling on the soils of the St James Walkway was studied during 1985 by comparing ‘on’- and off-track sites. Trampling increased the average soil bulk density by 0.3 g/cm3 at 0–5 cm depth and by 0.1 g/cm3 at 10–15 cm depth. Trampling increased the average soil shear strength by 11 kPa at 0–5 cm depth and by 6 kPa at 5–10 cm depth. All mineral soils were compacted to some extent by trampling. The podzolized high country yellow-brown earths (Dystrochrepts) were the most affected because their organic topsoil was truncated. Their exposed subsoil was however more resistant to further damage than their topsoil. Organic soils (Medihemists) were not compacted but their very low shear strength and high moisture content make them unsuitable for tracks. Untrampled soil bulk density and soil stone content were negatively correlated with the change in bulk density by trampling, and could be used to predict the risk of soil compaction by trampling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1992.tb00889.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer-assisted synthetic analysis. A generalized procedure for subgoal transform selection based on a two-dimensional pattern language (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical information and modeling 34 (1994), S. 922-933 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5142
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci00020a029
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geomagnetic disturbance fields: an analysis of observatory monthly means (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 108 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: SUMMARYThis work quantifies the extent to which disturbance phenomena contribute to the observed geomagnetic field on the time-scale of months to years. A deterministic approach was adopted in which geomagnetic monthly means were analysed in the time domain. By presupposing the time dependence of the external and induced field variations, which we assume to vary as the aa geomagnetic index, we arrived at an estimate of the relative amplitude of the disturbance to each component of the field at a number of observatories. In all some 58 000 geomagnetic monthly means from 59 observatories operating this century were analysed. Special attention was paid to the selection and validation of the data as otherwise the numerical computations would have been unduly compromised.The results consist of 177 estimates of the relative amplitude of disturbance, one for each of three orthogonal components north (X), east (Y) and vertically down (Z) at each observatory. The disturbance to the X component was found to be consistently negative over the whole of the Earth's surface with an intensification in auroral regions. The disturbances to the Z component were found to be smaller than that for X except in high latitudes. Mean disturbances to the Y component were smaller still. Results were in general consistent with the dipole field of the magnetospheric ring current, aligned with, though of opposite polarity to, the Earth's main field. Typical amplitudes of the mean disturbance field from month to month were of the order 10 nT.The results can be used to estimate the variation of the disturbance field. Subtracting this from both monthly and annual means yields an improved estimate of the field originating in the core and its secular variation. Some examples are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1992.tb00851.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sibling Relationships and Intergenerational Succession in Family Firms (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Family business review 4 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-6248
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Sibling relationships can turn into rivalries that destroy family firms. In this article, clinical and theoretical research on families, organizations, and conflict resolution are drawn on to develop intervention strategies aimed at helping family firm members both increase awareness about forces that sustain destructive sibling conflicts and find ways of working through them. Competition for parental love and attention spurs sibling rivalry. Whether siblings become rivalrous depends largely on parental responses to this contest. Because adult brothers and sisters in family firms remain organizationally subordinated to their parents, they face unique challenges in overcoming sibling rivalry's harmful effects. Yet this is precisely the task confronting them if they are to sustain family management of their business through intergenerational succession.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.1991.00003.x
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  • 7
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    A Crime of Convenience: The Environment and Convenience Store Robbery (1990)
    Beverly Hills, Calif. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Environment and behavior. 22:2 (1990:Mar.) 255 
    Details
    ISSN: 0013-9165
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Psychology
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:f117-1990-022-02-000004
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Requirement for mast cell growth factor for primordial germ cell survival in culture (1991)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 352 (1991), S. 809-811 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The ability of MGF to promote survival and/or proliferation of PGCs was determined using a culture system in which both the type and amount of MGF present could be manipulated. Isolated pregonadal (8.5-10.5 days) PGCs survive 〈24h in culture in the absence of a confluent monolayer of feeder ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/352809a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Terodiline causes polymorphic ventricular tachycardia due to reduced heart rate and prolongation of QT interval (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 577-580 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Terodiline ; Tachycardia ; polymorphic ventricular ; QT interval ; case reports
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recent reports have suggested an association between terodiline hydrochloride and cardiac arrhythmias. We report 4 patients presenting over a six month period who developed polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (polymorphic VT) while receiving treatment with this agent. In each case there was prolongation of QT interval on electrocardiogram (ECG). Two patients had hypokalaemia associated with diuretic therapy. In the 3 cases in which follow-up ECG was available, QT interval returned to normal after discontinuation of terodiline. In order to define the effects of terodiline on corrected QT interval (QTc) and heart rate in the elderly, a prospective study was performed in 8 elderly in-patients treated with terodiline for urinary incontinence. After 7 days treatment with terodiline 12.5 mg twice daily, there was a significant increase in QT by a mean of 29 ms, QTc by 15 ms and a decrease in resting heart rate by a mean of 6.7 beats·min−1. Terodiline increases QTc and reduces resting heart rate in elderly patients. Both these effects may be associated with polymorphic VT, a potentially life threatening arrhythmia. This drug should be avoided in patients with other known risk factors for polymorphic VT, particularly hypokalaemia and cardiac disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265918
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosolubilization of low-rank coal by aTrametes versicolor siderophore-like product and other complexing agents (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 5 (1990), S. 401-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Siderophore ; Chelation ; Trametes versicolor ; Biosolubilization ; Leonardite
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary A heat stable, low molecular weight (〈1000) extracellular product inTrametes versicolor (=Coriolus versicolor=Polyporous versicolor) cultures was demonstrated to be a principal factor in the solubilization of leonardite and other low-rank coals. The solubilization of leonardite byT. versicolor cell-free cultures and active fractions was inhibited by Fe3+ and was mimicked by the siderophore desferal mesylate and the iron chelating agents EDTA and 8-hydroxyquinoline. Leonardite solubilization by these later compounds was also inhibited by Fe3+. The ferrated and unferrated form of the partially purified active component fromT. versicolor cultures demonstrated absorption spectra that were similar to the ferrated and unferrated form of desferal mesylate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01578100
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