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  • 1
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    Role of the guanosine triphosphatase Rac2 in T helper 1 cell differentiation (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-06-24
    Description: T helper 1 (TH1) cells mediate cellular immunity, whereas TH2 cells potentiate antiparasite and humoral immunity. We used a complementary DNA subtraction method, representational display analysis, to show that the small guanosine triphosphatase Rac2 is expressed selectively in murine TH1 cells. Rac induces the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) promoter through cooperative activation of the nuclear factor kappa B and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Tetracycline-regulated transgenic mice expressing constitutively active Rac2 in T cells exhibited enhanced IFN-gamma production. Dominant-negative Rac inhibited IFN-gamma production in murine T cells. Moreover, T cells from Rac2-/- mice showed decreased IFN-gamma production under TH1 conditions in vitro. Thus, Rac2 activates TH1-specific signaling and IFN-gamma gene expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, B -- Yu, H -- Zheng, W -- Voll, R -- Na, S -- Roberts, A W -- Williams, D A -- Davis, R J -- Ghosh, S -- Flavell, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2219-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Immunobiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8011, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10864872" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines/biosynthesis/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis/*genetics ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; Jurkat Cells ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Signal Transduction ; Th1 Cells/cytology/*immunology/*metabolism ; Transfection ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; rac GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    A draft sequence for the genome of the domesticated silkworm (Bombyx mori) (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-14
    Description: We report a draft sequence for the genome of the domesticated silkworm (Bombyx mori), covering 90.9% of all known silkworm genes. Our estimated gene count is 18,510, which exceeds the 13,379 genes reported for Drosophila melanogaster. Comparative analyses to fruitfly, mosquito, spider, and butterfly reveal both similarities and differences in gene content.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xia, Qingyou -- Zhou, Zeyang -- Lu, Cheng -- Cheng, Daojun -- Dai, Fangyin -- Li, Bin -- Zhao, Ping -- Zha, Xingfu -- Cheng, Tingcai -- Chai, Chunli -- Pan, Guoqing -- Xu, Jinshan -- Liu, Chun -- Lin, Ying -- Qian, Jifeng -- Hou, Yong -- Wu, Zhengli -- Li, Guanrong -- Pan, Minhui -- Li, Chunfeng -- Shen, Yihong -- Lan, Xiqian -- Yuan, Lianwei -- Li, Tian -- Xu, Hanfu -- Yang, Guangwei -- Wan, Yongji -- Zhu, Yong -- Yu, Maode -- Shen, Weide -- Wu, Dayang -- Xiang, Zhonghuai -- Yu, Jun -- Wang, Jun -- Li, Ruiqiang -- Shi, Jianping -- Li, Heng -- Li, Guangyuan -- Su, Jianning -- Wang, Xiaoling -- Li, Guoqing -- Zhang, Zengjin -- Wu, Qingfa -- Li, Jun -- Zhang, Qingpeng -- Wei, Ning -- Xu, Jianzhe -- Sun, Haibo -- Dong, Le -- Liu, Dongyuan -- Zhao, Shengli -- Zhao, Xiaolan -- Meng, Qingshun -- Lan, Fengdi -- Huang, Xiangang -- Li, Yuanzhe -- Fang, Lin -- Li, Changfeng -- Li, Dawei -- Sun, Yongqiao -- Zhang, Zhenpeng -- Yang, Zheng -- Huang, Yanqing -- Xi, Yan -- Qi, Qiuhui -- He, Dandan -- Huang, Haiyan -- Zhang, Xiaowei -- Wang, Zhiqiang -- Li, Wenjie -- Cao, Yuzhu -- Yu, Yingpu -- Yu, Hong -- Li, Jinhong -- Ye, Jiehua -- Chen, Huan -- Zhou, Yan -- Liu, Bin -- Wang, Jing -- Ye, Jia -- Ji, Hai -- Li, Shengting -- Ni, Peixiang -- Zhang, Jianguo -- Zhang, Yong -- Zheng, Hongkun -- Mao, Bingyu -- Wang, Wen -- Ye, Chen -- Li, Songgang -- Wang, Jian -- Wong, Gane Ka-Shu -- Yang, Huanming -- Biology Analysis Group -- 1 P50 HG02351/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 10;306(5703):1937-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Southwest Agricultural University, Chongqing Beibei, 400716, China. xiaqy@swau.cq.cn〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15591204" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Animals ; Anopheles/genetics ; Body Patterning/genetics ; Bombyx/*genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Butterflies/genetics ; Computational Biology ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Exocrine Glands/metabolism ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Female ; Genes, Homeobox ; *Genes, Insect ; *Genome ; Immunity, Innate/genetics ; Insect Hormones/genetics ; Insect Proteins/genetics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Sex Determination Processes ; Spiders/genetics ; Wings, Animal/growth & development
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Angiogenesis-independent endothelial protection of liver: role of VEGFR-1 (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-02-08
    Description: The vascular endothelium was once thought to function primarily in nutrient and oxygen delivery, but recent evidence suggests that it may play a broader role in tissue homeostasis. To explore the role of sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) in the adult liver, we studied the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor activation on mouse hepatocyte growth. Delivery of VEGF-A increased liver mass in mice but did not stimulate growth of hepatocytes in vitro, unless LSECs were also present in the culture. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was identified as one of the LSEC-derived paracrine mediators promoting hepatocyte growth. Selective activation of VEGF receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) stimulated hepatocyte but not endothelial proliferation in vivo and reduced liver damage in mice exposed to a hepatotoxin. Thus, VEGFR-1 agonists may have therapeutic potential for preservation of organ function in certain liver disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉LeCouter, Jennifer -- Moritz, Dirk R -- Li, Bing -- Phillips, Gail Lewis -- Liang, Xiao Huan -- Gerber, Hans-Peter -- Hillan, Kenneth J -- Ferrara, Napoleone -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Feb 7;299(5608):890-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Molecular Oncology, Protein Engineering, and Pathology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12574630" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; CHO Cells ; Carbon Tetrachloride/toxicity ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Cricetinae ; DNA Replication ; Drug-Induced Liver Injury ; Endothelial Growth Factors/genetics/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Endothelium, Vascular/*cytology/physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Growth Substances/genetics/metabolism ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor/genetics/metabolism/pharmacology ; Hepatocytes/cytology/pathology/*physiology ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Liver/blood supply/*cytology/pathology/*physiology ; Liver Diseases/metabolism/pathology/prevention & control ; Liver Regeneration ; Lymphokines/genetics/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Mitosis ; Mutation ; Necrosis ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Paracrine Communication ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Up-Regulation ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1/*metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    KCNQ1 gain-of-function mutation in familial atrial fibrillation (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-01-11
    Description: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia whose molecular etiology is poorly understood. We studied a family with hereditary persistent AF and identified the causative mutation (S140G) in the KCNQ1 (KvLQT1) gene on chromosome 11p15.5. The KCNQ1 gene encodes the pore-forming alpha subunit of the cardiac I(Ks) channel (KCNQ1/KCNE1), the KCNQ1/KCNE2 and the KCNQ1/KCNE3 potassium channels. Functional analysis of the S140G mutant revealed a gain-of-function effect on the KCNQ1/KCNE1 and the KCNQ1/KCNE2 currents, which contrasts with the dominant negative or loss-of-function effects of the KCNQ1 mutations previously identified in patients with long QT syndrome. Thus, the S140G mutation is likely to initiate and maintain AF by reducing action potential duration and effective refractory period in atrial myocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Yi-Han -- Xu, Shi-Jie -- Bendahhou, Said -- Wang, Xiao-Liang -- Wang, Ying -- Xu, Wen-Yuan -- Jin, Hong-Wei -- Sun, Hao -- Su, Xiao-Yan -- Zhuang, Qi-Nan -- Yang, Yi-Qing -- Li, Yue-Bin -- Liu, Yi -- Xu, Hong-Ju -- Li, Xiao-Fei -- Ma, Ning -- Mou, Chun-Ping -- Chen, Zhu -- Barhanin, Jacques -- Huang, Wei -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Jan 10;299(5604):251-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, and Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, 399 Xin Cun Road, Shanghai 200065, People's Republic of China. drchen@public7.sta.net.cn〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12522251" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Atrial Fibrillation/*genetics/physiopathology ; COS Cells ; Child ; China ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11/genetics ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Haplotypes ; Heart Atria/physiopathology ; Heart Ventricles/physiopathology ; Humans ; KCNQ Potassium Channels ; KCNQ1 Potassium Channel ; Lod Score ; Long QT Syndrome/genetics/physiopathology ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; *Mutation, Missense ; Myocytes, Cardiac/*physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Pedigree ; Potassium Channels/*genetics/physiology ; *Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can lower amyloidogenic Abeta42 by inhibiting Rho (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-11-15
    Description: A subset of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been shown to preferentially reduce the secretion of the highly amyloidogenic, 42-residue amyloid-beta peptide Abeta42. We found that Rho and its effector, Rho-associated kinase, preferentially regulated the amount of Abeta42 produced in vitro and that only those NSAIDs effective as Rho inhibitors lowered Abeta42. Administration of Y-27632, a selective Rock inhibitor, also preferentially lowered brain levels of Abeta42 in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Thus, the Rho-Rock pathway may regulate amyloid precursor protein processing, and a subset of NSAIDs can reduce Abeta42 through inhibition of Rho activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhou, Yan -- Su, Yuan -- Li, Baolin -- Liu, Feng -- Ryder, John W -- Wu, Xin -- Gonzalez-DeWhitt, Patricia A -- Gelfanova, Valentina -- Hale, John E -- May, Patrick C -- Paul, Steven M -- Ni, Binhui -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Nov 14;302(5648):1215-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neuroscience Discovery Research and Bioresearch Technologies and Proteins, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA. zhou_yan_yz@lilly.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14615541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amides/pharmacology ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/*metabolism ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/*pharmacology ; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases ; Brain/drug effects/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Endopeptidases/metabolism ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Humans ; Ibuprofen/pharmacology ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Peptide Fragments/*metabolism ; Polyisoprenyl Phosphates/pharmacology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Pyridines/pharmacology ; Sesquiterpenes ; Signal Transduction ; Sulindac/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Transfection ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; rho-Associated Kinases ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    On the durability of Burkea africana heartwood: evidence of biocidal and hydrophobic properties responsible for durability (2004)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-04-01
    Print ISSN: 1286-4560
    Electronic ISSN: 1297-966X
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature, relative humidity and duration of wetness period on germination and infection by conidia of the pear scab pathogen (Venturia nashicola) (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 52 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of temperature, relative humidity (RH) and duration of wetness period on in vitro germination of conidia and infection of detached pear leaves by Venturia nashicola, the causal agent of pear scab. Conidia germinated only in near-saturation humidity (RH 〉 97%). The final percentage germination (24 h after inoculation) at 100% RH without free water was less than half that in free water. Conidia germinated over the range of temperatures tested (5–30°C); the optimum temperature for germination was ≈21°C. Changes in percentage germination of conidia over time were fitted by logistic models at each individual temperature. Polynomial models satisfactorily described the relationships between two (rate and time to 50% of maximum germination) of the three logistic model parameters and temperature. The minimum length of the wetness period for successful infection of detached pear leaves by conidia was observed at several temperatures. The shortest length of wetness period required for infection was 7 h at 22°C. Two polynomial models fitted well the relationship between the minimum wetness duration required for infection, and temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2003.00887.x
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  • 8
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    Hydroacoustic flare imaging and estimation of the methane flux from an active natural methane vent area on the northern Sakhalin slope (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Climate Drivers of the North, 8.-11. May 2002, Kiel.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface evolution of ultrahigh vacuum magnetron sputter deposited amorphous SiO2 thin films (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 4082-4089 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The surface morphology evolution of amorphous SiO2 thin films deposited by ultrahigh vacuum radio-frequency magnetron sputtering was studied by atomic force microscopy. The results show that: (1) the surface roughness of the deposited films reduces with increased substrate temperatures; (2) the surface roughness increases with higher deposition pressures; and (3) there is a roughening transition at the critical thickness of ∼ 90 nm for the substrate temperature of 713 K. The results also show that the surface roughness at the early stages of growth evolves according to a power law. Further growth beyond the critical thickness leads to a sharp increase in roughness. The experimental results are compared with the previous theoretical and experimental studies on surface evolution during sputter deposition, and discussed in terms of the competition between surface diffusion and shadowing. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1454224
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High quality ZnO thin films grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 501-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High quality ZnO thin films have been grown on a Si(100) substrate by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition using a zinc organic source [Zn(C2H5)2] and carbon dioxide (CO2) gas mixtures at the low temperature of 180 °C. The dependence of ZnO thin film quality on the gas flow rate ratio of Zn(C2H5)2 to CO2 (GFRRZC) is studied by using x-ray diffraction (XRD), optical absorption (OA) spectra, and cathodoluminescence (CL) spectra. High quality ZnO thin films with a c-axis-oriented wurtzite structure are obtained when the GFRRZC is 0.33. XRD shows that the full width at half maximum of (0002) ZnO located at 34.42° is about 0.2°. At room temperature, a pronounced free exciton absorption peak around 365 nm is clearly observed. Also, a strong free exciton emission without deep level defect emission is observed around 385 nm, and its temperature dependence is studied from the photoluminescence spectra. These observations indicate the formation of a high quality ZnO film. Additionally, nitridation of the Si surface caused by releasing NH3 plasma into the deposition chamber is an effective way to improve film quality. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1415545
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