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  • 1
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    A universal electromagnetic energy conversion adapter based on a metamaterial absorber (2014)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-09
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer Nature
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Assessing Spectrum Compatibility for Beyond-Line-of-Sight UAS Control and Non-Payload Communications (2014)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: In order to provide for the safe integration of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) into the National Airspace System (NAS), the control and non-payload communications (CNPC) link must be highly reliable. A specific requirement is that it must operate using aviation safety radiofrequency spectrum. Two types of links are required - line-of-sight (LOS) using terrestrial-based communications and beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) using satellite communications. The 2012 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-12) provided a suitable allocation for LOS CNPC spectrum in the 5030 to 5091 MHz band which, when combined with a previously existing allocation fulfills the LOS spectrum requirement. The 5030 to 5091 MHz band is also allocated for BLOS CNPC, but since a significant portion of that band is required for LOS CNPC, additional BLOS spectrum is required. More critically, there are no satellites in operation or in development to provide such services in that band. Hence BLOS CNPC cannot be provided in protected aviation spectrum under current conditions. To fill this gap and enable integration of UAS into the NAS, it has been proposed to allow CNPC to operate over certain Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) bands in which many satellites currently provide commercial services. To enable this, changes in international regulation must be enacted. Agenda Item 1.5 of the 2015 WRC examines the possible regulatory changes needed. As part of the examination process, sharing between potential UAS using satellite communications for BLOS CNPC and other services allocated to the FSS bands being considered must be studied. This paper reviews the technical requirements and approach being undertaken for these sharing studies, with emphasis on study of interference from UAS into digital repeater links operating under the Fixed Service allocation. These studies are being conducted by NASA Glenn Research Center.
    Keywords: Aircraft Communications and Navigation; Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: NASA/TM-2014-218407 , E-18985 , GRC-E-DAA-TN14171 , Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance (ICNS) 2014 Conference; Apr 08, 2014 - Apr 10, 2014; Herndon, VA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Magnetic Tunnel Junction-Based On-Chip Microwave Phase and Spectrum Analyzer (2014)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ)-based microwave detector is proposed and investigated. When the MTJ is excited by microwave magnetic fields, the relative angle between the free layer and pinned layer alternates, giving rise to an average resistance change. By measuring the average resistance change, the MTJ can be utilized as a microwave power sensor. Due to the nature of ferromagnetic resonance, the frequency of an incident microwave is directly determined. In addition, by integrating a mixer circuit, the MTJ-based microwave detector can also determine the relative phase between two microwave signals. Thus, the MTJ-based microwave detector can be used as an on-chip microwave phase and spectrum analyzer.
    Keywords: Electronics and Electrical Engineering
    Type: GRC-E-DAA-TN13791 , IEEE International Microwave Symposium; Jun 01, 2014 - Jun 06, 2014; Tampa Bay, FL; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Global Mobile Satellite Service Interference Analysis for the AeroMACS (2013)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The AeroMACS (Aeronautical Mobile Airport Communications System), which is based on the IEEE 802.16-2009 mobile wireless standard, is envisioned as the wireless network which will cover all areas of airport surfaces for next generation air transportation. It is expected to be implemented in the 5091-5150 MHz frequency band which is also occupied by mobile satellite service uplinks. Thus the AeroMACS must be designed to avoid interference with this incumbent service. Simulations using Visualyse software were performed utilizing a global database of 6207 airports. Variations in base station and subscriber antenna distribution and gain pattern were examined. Based on these simulations, recommendations for global airport base station and subscriber antenna power transmission limitations are provided.
    Keywords: Aircraft Communications and Navigation
    Type: GRC-E-DAA-TN8713 , 2013 Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance (ICNS) Conference; Apr 23, 2013 - Apr 25, 2013; Herndon, VA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Global Mobile Satellite Service Interference Analysis for the AeroMACS (2013)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The AeroMACS (Aeronautical Mobile Airport Communications System), which is based on the IEEE 802.16-2009 mobile wireless standard, is envisioned as the wireless network which will cover all areas of airport surfaces for next generation air transportation. It is expected to be implemented in the 5091-5150 MHz frequency band which is also occupied by mobile satellite service uplinks. Thus the AeroMACS must be designed to avoid interference with this incumbent service. Simulations using Visualyse software were performed utilizing a global database of 6207 airports. Variations in base station and subscriber antenna distribution and gain pattern were examined. Based on these simulations, recommendations for global airport base station and subscriber antenna power transmission limitations are provided.
    Keywords: Aircraft Communications and Navigation
    Type: NASA/TM-2013-216530 , GRC-E-DAA-TN8713 , E-18682 , Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance (ICNS) 2013 Conference; Apr 23, 2013 - Apr 25, 2013; Herndon, VA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    AeroMACS Interference Simulations for Global Airports (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Ran 18 scenarios with Visualyse Professional interference software (presented 2 most realistic scenarios). Scenario A: 85 large airports can transmit 1650 mW on each of 11 channels. 173 medium airports can transmit 825 mW on each of 6 channels. 5951 small airports can transmit 275 mW on one channel. Reducing power allowed for small airports in Scenario B increases allowable power for large and medium airports, but should not be necessary as Scenario A levels are more than adequate. These power limitations are conservative because we are assuming worst case with 100% duty.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: E-18571 , GRC-E-DAA-TN6291 , Second Meeting of the Working Group S; Oct 23, 2012 - Oct 26, 2012; Montreal; Canada
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Dependence of AeroMACS Interference on Airport Radiation Pattern Characteristics (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: AeroMACS (Aeronautical Mobile Airport Communications System), which is based upon the IEEE 802.16e mobile wireless standard, is expected to be implemented in the 5091-5150 MHz frequency band. As this band is also occupied by Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) feeder uplinks, AeroMACS must be designed to avoid interference with this incumbent service. The aspects of AeroMACS operation that present potential interference are under analysis in order to enable the definition of standards that assure that such interference will be avoided. In this study, the cumulative interference power distribution at low earth orbit from AeroMACS transmitters at the 497 major airports in the contiguous United States was simulated with the Visualyse Professional software. The dependence of the interference power on the number of antenna beams per airport, gain patterns, and beam direction orientations was simulated. As a function of these parameters, the simulation results are presented in terms of the limitations on transmitter power required to maintain the cumulative interference power under the established threshold.
    Keywords: Communications and Radar
    Type: E-18334-1 , 2012 Integrated Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance Conference; Apr 24, 2012 - Apr 26, 2012; Herndon, VA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Interference Analysis for an Aeronautical Mobile Airport Communications System (2010)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The next generation of aeronautical communications for airport surface applications has been identified through a NASA research program and an international collaborative future communications study. The result, endorsed by both the United States and European regulatory agencies is called AeroMACS (Aeronautical Mobile Airport Communications System) and is based upon the IEEE 802.16e mobile wireless standard. Coordinated efforts to develop appropriate aviation standards for the AeroMACS system are now underway within RTCA (United States) and Eurocae (Europe). AeroMACS will be implemented in a recently allocated frequency band, 5091- 5150 MHz. As this band is also occupied by fixed satellite service uplinks, AeroMACS must be designed to avoid interference with this incumbent service. The aspects of AeroMACS operation that present potential interference to the fixed satellite service are under analysis in order to enable the definition of standards that assure that such interference will be avoided. The NASA Glenn Research Center has been involved in this analysis, and the first results of modeling and simulation efforts directed at this analysis are the subject of this paper.12
    Keywords: Aircraft Communications and Navigation
    Type: E-17722 , IEEEAC paper 1098 , IEEE 2011 Aerospace Conference; Mar 05, 2011 - Mar 12, 2011; Big Sky, MT; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Interference Analysis Status and Plans for Aeronautical Mobile Airport Communications System (AeroMACS) (2010)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Interference issues related to the operation of an aeronautical mobile airport communications system (AeroMACS) in the C-Band (specifically 5091-5150 MHz) is being investigated. The issue of primary interest is co-channel interference from AeroMACS into mobile-satellite system (MSS) feeder uplinks. The effort is focusing on establishing practical limits on AeroMACS transmissions from airports so that the threshold of interference into MSS is not exceeded. The analyses are being performed with the software package Visualyse Professional, developed by Transfinite Systems Limited. Results with omni-directional antennas and plans to extend the models to represent AeroMACS more accurately will be presented. These models should enable realistic analyses of emerging AeroMACS designs to be developed from NASA Test Bed, RTCA 223, and European results.
    Keywords: Electronics and Electrical Engineering
    Type: E-17980 , IEEE Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference (ICNS 2010); May 11, 2010 - May 13, 2010; Herndon, VA; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Model of the Radio Frequency (RF) Excitation Response from Monopole and Dipole Antennas in a Large Scale Tank (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Good antenna-mode coupling is needed for determining the amount of propellant in a tank through the method of radio frequency mass gauging (RFMG). The antenna configuration and position in a tank are important factors in coupling the antenna to the natural electromagnetic modes. In this study, different monopole and dipole antenna mounting configurations and positions were modeled and responses simulated in a full-scale tank model with the transient solver of CST Microwave Studio (CST Computer Simulation Technology of America, Inc.). The study was undertaken to qualitatively understand the effect of antenna design and placement within a tank on the resulting radio frequency (RF) tank spectrum.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NASA/TM-2012-217267 , E-18022
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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