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  • 1985-1989  (7)
  • 1985  (7)
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  • 1985-1989  (7)
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  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    In:  Other Sources
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: An overview is given of the existence and abundance of short-lived nuclei that were present in the early solar system. It is shown that there are excesses of certain isotopes that may be assigned to the decay of short-lived radioactive nuclei corresponding to an abundance of about 0.0001 relative to a neighboring stable isotope. This abundance is roughly similar to the level of general nonlinear isotopic anomalies present in meteoritic material (excluding oxygen) which are not attributable to short-lived nuclei. If these results are representative of the bulk solar system, they indicate that about 0.0001 solar mass of freshly synthesized material of peculiar composition was added to the protosolar nebula as it was formed from the interstellar medium. This material must have been synthesized about three million yr before the formation of the solar system.
    Schlagwort(e): ASTROPHYSICS
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: The structure and composition of Willy, a 150-micron-diameter Fremdling in CAI 5241 from the Allende meteorite, are investigated using optical, secondary-electron, and electron-backscatter microscopy and electron-microprobe analysis. The results are presented in diagrams, maps, tables, graphs, and micrographs and compared with those for other Allende Fremdlinge. Willy is found to have a concentric-zone structure comprising a complex porous core of magnetite, metal, sulfide, scheelite, and other minor phases; a compact magnetite-apatite mantle; a thin (20 microns or less) reaction-assemblage zone; and a dense outer rim of fassaite with minor spinel. A multistage formation sequence involving changes in T and fO2 and preceding the introduction of Willy into the CAI (which itself preceded CAI spinel and silicate formation) is postulated, and it is inferred from the apparent lack of post-capture recrystallization that Willy has not been subjected to temperatures in excess of 600 C and may represent the precursor material for many other Fremdlinge.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (ISSN 0016-7037); 49; 1001-102
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: Solutions collected from 21 deg N, East Pacific Rise (Epr) and Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, are analyzed for Nd isotopic composition and Sm and Nd concentrations. The results indicate extensive but not complete isotopic exchange with Sr in the depleted oceanic crust and that Sr concentrations in these solutions are buffered. In contrast, the Nd data exhibit a wide range in isotopic composition and concentration between vents. Many samples show substantial contributions from MORB, but all have isotopic compositions below MORB, in spite of enrichments in Nd up to 100 times seawater. It is shown that the fluids must exchange Nd with a sedimentary reservoir having an isotopic composition less than Pacific seawater. Low-temperature reactions with metalliferous sediments on the flanks of the EPR may provide such a source. Using a simple box method, estimates of the hydrothermal fluxes of Nd are compared to fluxes which are necessary to maintain a radiogenic isotopic composition of about -3 in the Pacific against the influx of Antarctic waters. It is concluded that erosion from island arcs is the main source of radiogenic Nd in the Pacific.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Earth and Planetary Science Letters (ISSN 0012-821X); 72; 4 Ma
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: The possibility of establishing a record of variations in the isotopic composition of Nd in seawater over geologic time is explored. To construct such a record, a phase must be identified which incorporated Nd with the same isotopic composition as seawater at the time of its formation, preserves that composition, and which is relatively common in sediments. To evaluate the suitability of carbonates and phosphates, the Rb, Sr, Sm, and Nd concentrations and the Nd and Sr isotopic composition of a variety of modern and ancient marine calcite, aragonite, and apatite samples have been measured and the results are presented and discussed.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (ISSN 0016-7037); 49; 503-518
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    In:  Other Sources
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: Attention is given to the status of research on short lived nuclei, whose importance is considerable despite their essential absence (outside cosmic ray products) in virtue of their place in the theoretical understanding of broader cosmological problems. It is presently suggested that they are a key to the earliest processes in solar system formation, and may furnish a link with presolar processes in the interstellar medium or in the intense activity of the early sun.
    Schlagwort(e): ASTROPHYSICS
    Materialart: Meteoritics (ISSN 0026-1114); 20; 295-310
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: The production of isotopic effects in oxygen due to self-shielding of photolysing radiation by the Schumann-Runge bands of (O-16)2 is investigated. The model studied is the simple case of incoming radiation falling on a gaseous medium of uniform composition. The enhancement of O-17 and O-18 production upon photodissociation of O2 is calculated for various column densities, and its dependence on temperature and the presence of other molecules is examined. The issue of whether the products of photolysis can be trapped and thus preserve a peculiar isotopic composition is discussed.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Earth and Planetary Science Letters (ISSN 0012-821X); 73; 1 Ap
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: A general formalism is presented for determining possible isotope compositions of exotic Ti, and illustrated with results from Ti isotope abundances measured in Ca-Al-rich inclusions of the Allende and Leoville meteorites and samples of other meteorites. Previously identified correlations between Ti-50 and Ca-48 in FUN (isotope fractionation effects and unknown nucleosynthetic effects) inclusions is shown to hold true, thereby supporting contributions from a neutron-rich equilibrium or nucleosynthetic equilibrium during formation of the meteorites. Extension of the study to carbonaceous meteorites indicated that condensation, volatilization and recondensation occurred during formation, although the isotope fractionation observed cannot yet be explained.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (ISSN 0016-7037); 49; 835-851
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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