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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Biotic communities. ; Population biology. ; Evolution (Biology). ; Landscape ecology. ; Bioinformatics. ; Plant genetics. ; Agricultural genome mapping. ; Community and Population Ecology. ; Evolutionary Biology. ; Landscape Ecology. ; Computational and Systems Biology. ; Plant Genetics. ; Agricultural Genetics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction and relevance -- Retrospective and prospective simulation -- Data structures and computational efficiency -- Mutation -- Population size and genetic drift -- Migration and population structure -- Meiotic recombination -- Natural selection -- Implementing all five factors simultaneously -- Modeling different life histories -- Spatially-explicit simulation -- Calculating summary statistics and visualization -- Approximate Bayesian computation: preliminaries -- Approximate Bayesian computation: implementation -- Comparing simulated genetic data to 1000 Genomes data -- The spread of the invasive species Japanese hops in the Upper Midwest, USA.
    Abstract: Dramatic advances in computing power enable simulation of DNA sequences generated by complex microevolutionary scenarios that include mutation, population structure, natural selection, meiotic recombination, demographic change, and explicit spatial geographies. Although retrospective, coalescent simulation is computationally efficient—and covered here—the primary focus of this book is forward-in-time simulation, which frees us to simulate a wider variety of realistic microevolutionary models. The book walks the reader through the development of a forward-in-time evolutionary simulator dubbed FORward Time simUlatioN Application (FORTUNA). The capacity of FORTUNA grows with each chapter through the addition of a new evolutionary factor to its code. Each chapter also reviews the relevant theory and links simulation results to key evolutionary insights. The book addresses visualization of results through development of R code and reference to more than 100 figures. All code discussed in the book is freely available, which the reader may use directly or modify to better suit his or her own research needs. Advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and professional researchers will all benefit from this introduction to the increasingly important skill of population genetic simulation. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 313 p. 96 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030973810
    DDC: 577.82
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: Environmental geography. ; Public health. ; Human geography. ; Epidemiology. ; Social policy. ; Integrated Geography. ; Public Health. ; Human Geography. ; Epidemiology. ; Social Policy.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Refining and (Re)Defining “Place” in Health Research: Interrogating Spatial Knowledges + (Mis)Representations -- Chapter 2. Spatial Knowledge, Representation, + Place-Health Narratives: Youth Photovoice Perspectives on a “Food Desert” -- Chapter 3. Placescapes + Public Housing: Towards a Critical Understanding of ‘Place’ + ‘Placemaking’ in Place-Based Health & Housing Strategies -- Chapter 4. The Real Limits of Imaginary Lines: A Participatory Activity Space Method for Exploring Intergenerational (Dis)Connections Between ‘Place’ and Health -- Chapter 5. Place, Health, and the Geography of Embodiment: Intergenerational Participatory Research for Representation/as Resistance in The Ville -- Chapter 6. Towards Decolonizing Place-Health Research: Placemaking, Power, and the Production of “Place”-Health Knowledge.
    Abstract: This book draws on the author's ten years of participatory work to examine core themes of (mis)representation, re-presentation, and resistance within place-health research and practice. The book includes practice- and research-based projects with implications and applications for practitioners (e.g. local health department epidemiologists) and academics, introducing readers to an array of new and mixed-methods within place-health research. It also introduces new conceptual and analytical place-health frameworks that more explicitly account for power—both within place making, unmaking, and remaking processes, and within the (re)production of place-health knowledges. Across six chapters, the author reports and reflects on a selection of research projects, raising key considerations in regard to place-health (mis)representation, and highlighting the value of participatory methods and processes in re-presenting—and decolonizing—spatial narratives of health. This includes an emphasis on the integration of community-based participatory research (CBPR) principles with the technological and procedural affordances of information and communication technologies (ICTs). With each chapter drawing from CBPR, decolonizing, social epidemiology, health geography, Black feminist, and critical theory orientations, the book offers an integrated call and framing for a critical examination of how geographies of “place” and health—and narratives/stories therein—are constructed, and perhaps might be de/re-constructed through inclusive and equitable research practices that center community and offer a mode of resistance for the production of place-health counternarratives. The book is intended for academic researchers and practitioners in public health and health geography fields, particularly those whose work engages social epidemiology, urban planning, and aspects of community development, and will also appeal to researchers and practitioners who use participatory, community-inclusive methods and processes in their work, especially as related to community mapping.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXII, 140 p. 41 illus., 34 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031061417
    Series Statement: Global Perspectives on Health Geography,
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0001(1063-J)
    In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: IV S., S. 379-426 + 1 pl.
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin 1063-J
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-01-14
    Description: Invasive alien species continue to spread and proliferate in waterways worldwide, but environmental drivers of invasion dynamics lack assessment. Knowledge gaps are pervasive in the Global South, where the frequent heavy human‐modification of rivers provides high opportunity for invasion. In southern Africa, the spatio‐temporal ecology of a widespread and high‐impact invasive alien snail, Tarebia granifera, and its management status is understudied. Here, an ecological assessment was conducted at seven sites around Nandoni Reservoir on the Luvuvhu River in South Africa. The distribution and densities of T. granifera were mapped and the potential drivers of population structure were explored. T. granifera was widespread at sites impacted to varying extents due to anthropogenic activity, with densities exceeding 500 individuals per square meter at the most impacted areas. T. granifera predominantly preferred shallow and sandy environments, being significantly associated with sediment (i.e., chlorophyll‐a, Mn, SOC, SOM) and water (i.e., pH, conductivity, TDS) variables. T. granifera seemed to exhibit two recruitment peaks in November and March, identified via size‐based stock assessment. Sediment parameters (i.e., sediment organic matter, sediment organic carbon, manganese) and water chemistry (i.e., pH, total dissolved solids, conductivity) were found to be important in structuring T. granifera populations, with overall snail densities highest during the summer season. We provide important autecological information and insights on the distribution and extent of the spread of T. granifera. This may help in the development of invasive alien snail management action plans within the region, as well as modelling efforts to predict invasion patterns elsewhere based on environmental characteristics.
    Description: Alexander von Humboldt‐Stiftung http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100005156
    Description: National Research Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001321
    Description: University of Venda http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008976
    Keywords: ddc:577.6 ; aquatic non‐native invasions ; environmental gradients ; Global South ; human‐modified river ; quilted melania ; reservoir
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Gut health and specifically the gut microbiome-host interaction is currently a major research topic across the life sciences. In the case of animal sciences research into animal production and health, the gut has been a continuous area of interest. Production parameters such as growth and feed efficiency are entirely dependent on optimum gut health. In addition, the gut is a major immune organ and one of the first lines of defense in animal disease. Recent changes in animal production management and feed regulations, both regulatory and consumer driven, have placed added emphasis on finding ways to optimize gut health in novel and effective ways. In this volume we bring together original research and review articles covering three major categories of gut health and animal production: the gut microbiome, mucosal immunology, and feed-based interventions. Included within these categories is a broad range of scientific expertise and experimental approaches that span food animal production. Our goal in bringing together the articles on this research topic is to survey the current knowledge on gut health in animal production. The following 15 articles include knowledge and perspectives from researchers from multiple countries and research perspectives, all with the central goal of improving animal health and production.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; SF600-1100 ; gut health ; production animals ; Swine ; Cattle ; Chickens ; microbiome ; mucosal immunity ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
    Format: image/jpeg
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-02-04
    Description: The Highland Valley Copper porphyry Cu (±Mo) district is hosted in the Late Triassic Guichon Creek batholith in the Canadian Cordillera. Fracture-controlled sodic-calcic alteration is important because it forms a large footprint (34 km2) outside of the porphyry Cu centers. This alteration consists of epidote ± actinolite ± tourmaline veins with halos of K-feldspar–destructive albite (1–20 XAn) ± fine-grained white mica ± epidote. The distribution of sodic-calcic alteration is strongly influenced by near-orthogonal NE- and SE-trending fracture sets and by proximity to granodiorite stocks and porphyry dikes. Multiple stages of sodic-calcic alteration occurred in the district, which both pre- and postdate Cu mineralization at the porphyry centers. The mineral assemblages and chemical composition of alteration minerals suggest that the fluid that caused sodic-calcic alteration in the Guichon Creek batholith was Cl bearing, at near-neutral pH, and oxidized, and had high activities of Na, Ca, and Mg relative to propylitic and fresh-rock assemblages. The metasomatic exchange of K for Na, localized removal of Fe and Cu, and a paucity of secondary quartz suggest that the fluid was thermally prograding in response to magmatic heating. Calculated δ18Ofluid and δDfluid values of mineral pairs in isotopic equilibrium from the sodic-calcic veins and alteration range from 4 to 8‰ and −20 to −9‰, respectively, which contrasts with the whole-rock values for least altered magmatic host rocks (δ18O = 6.4–9.4‰ and δD = −99 to −75‰). The whole-rock values are suggested to reflect residual magma values after D loss by magma degassing, while the range of hydrothermal minerals requires a mixed-fluid origin with a contribution of magmatic water and an external water source. The O-H isotope results favor seawater as the source but could also reflect the ingress of Late Triassic meteoric water. The 87Sr/86Srinital values of strongly Na-Ca–altered rocks range from 0.703416 to 0.703508, which is only slightly higher than the values of fresh and potassic-altered rocks. Modeling of those data suggests the Sr is derived predominantly from a magmatic source, but the system may contain up to 3% seawater Sr. Supporting evidence for a seawater-derived fluid entrained in the porphyry Cu systems comes from boron isotope data. The calculated tourmaline δ11Bfluid values from the sodic-calcic domains reach 18.3‰, which is consistent with a seawater-derived fluid source. Lower tourmaline δ11Bfluid values from the other alteration facies (4–10‰) suggest mixing between magmatic and seawater-derived fluids in and around the porphyry centers. These results imply that seawater-derived fluids can infiltrate batholiths and porphyry systems at deep levels (4–5 km) in the crust. Sodic ± calcic alteration may be more common in rocks peripheral to porphyry Cu systems hosted in island-arc terranes and submarine rocks than currently recognized.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-07-11
    Description: NASA’s GRACE and GRACE-FO satellite missions provide reliable, direct measurements of ice-sheet mass balance at seasonal timescales but integrated over length scales too large to resolve individual outlet glacier changes. Satellite altimetric measurements of ice-sheet volume change, such as from NASA’s ICESat-2 mission, provide elevation changes at sufficient resolution to resolve individual glacier systems; however, the along-track sampling occurs throughout a 3-month window and conversion of its volume change estimates to mass change requires knowledge of the evolution of the firn air content. While models of firn air content are available, their accuracy is relatively unknown and their evolution is largely driven by the atmospheric model used to force the firn densification model, which also introduces uncertainty in firn evolution. As a result, estimates of ice-sheet mass balance differ significantly from one another, depending on the type of satellite measurements, the selection of atmospheric forcing, and the densification model used.Rather than using these unique data in isolation, we combine the GRACE-FO mass solutions, ICESat-2 volume changes, surface mass balance and firn models to find a best-fit solution to all three, providing new, constrained surface mass balance and ice-sheet mass balance results for both the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheet beginning in 2019. In such a manner, we retain the benefits of each individual measurement, providing mass balance at the fine spatial resolution of ICESat-2 with the mass constraint of GRACE/-FO.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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