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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monte Carlo simulation for the potential of mean force between ionic colloids in solutions of asymmetric salts (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 7084-7094 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new technique for Monte Carlo sampling of the hard-sphere collision force has been applied to study the interaction between a pair of spherical macroions in primitive-model electrolyte solutions with valences 1:2, 2:1, and 2:2. Macroions of the same charge can attract each other in the presence of divalent counterions, in analogy with earlier observations for planar and cylindrical geometries. The attraction is most significant at intermediate counterion concentrations. In contrast to the entropic depletion force between neutral particles, attraction between macroions is of energetic origin. The entropic contribution to the potential of mean force is generally repulsive at conditions corresponding to aqueous colloids with or without salt. For systems with divalent counterions, the potentials of mean force predicted by mean-field approximations like the Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory or the Sogami–Ise (SI) theory are qualitatively different from those observed in the simulations. However, for systems with monovalent counterions, predictions of DLVO theory are in fair agreement with simulation results. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.480000
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of c-oriented HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ superconducting thin films (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 2866-2868 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Superconducting Hg-based cuprate thin films have been fabricated on (100) SrTiO3 substrate using rf sputtering and post-Hg-vapor annealing. These films are dominated by c-axis-oriented Hg-1223 phase as indicated by x-ray diffraction and SQUID measurements. Using four-probe technique, the Tc,onset was found to be 130–132 K and Jc was up to 8.5×104 A/cm2 at 77 K and zero field. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114811
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A vorticity dynamics theory of three-dimensional flow separation (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 12 (2000), S. 1932-1954 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A theory of three-dimensional incompressible flow separation is presented in terms of the on-wall signatures of the flow. Some long-standing controversial issues are revisited and answers given, such as the inconsistency of the separation criteria based on the topological theory and "open separation," and whether a separation line is an asymptote or envelope of neighboring skin-friction lines. General criteria for identifying an "open" or "closed" flow separation zone and separation line (including the initial point of the latter), steady and unsteady, are obtained, which apply to a generic smooth curved wall at any Reynolds numbers. The criteria are found to be most clearly given in terms of on-wall signatures of vorticity dynamics. These are then specified to steady boundary layer separation at large Reynolds numbers. A scale analysis under mild assumptions leads to a three-dimensional triple-deck structure near a generic boundary layer separation line. Criteria are presented for "separation watch," which tells that a boundary-layer may soon break away, and for "separation warning," which identifies the vorticity characteristics in an already formed boundary-layer separation zone and along a boundary-layer separation line. Flow behavior and its dependence on outer flow conditions are examined qualitatively. A numerical example is given which confirms the predictions of the theory. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870442
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Streaming vorticity flux from oscillating walls with finite amplitude (1993)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 5 (1993), S. 1933-1938 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: How to describe vorticity creation from a moving wall is a long standing problem. This paper discusses relevant issues at the fundamental level. First, it is shown that the concept of "vorticity flux due to wall acceleration'' can be best understood by following fluid particles on the wall rather than observing the flow at fixed spatial points. This is of crucial importance when the time-averaged flux is to be considered. The averaged flux has to be estimated in a wall-fixed frame of reference (in which there is no flux due to wall acceleration at all); or, if an inertial frame of reference is used, the generalized Lagrangian mean (GLM) also gives the same result. Then, for some simple but typical configurations, the time-averaged vorticity flux from a harmonically oscillating wall with finite amplitude is analyzed, without appealing to small perturbation. The main conclusion is that the wall oscillation will produce an additional mean vorticity flux (a fully nonlinear streaming effect), which is partially responsible for the mechanism of vortex flow control by waves. The results provide qualitative explanation for some experimentally and/or computationally observed phenomena.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.858819
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and superconducting properties of YBa2Cu3O7−δ films on conductive SrRuO3 and LaNiO3 multilayers for coated conductor applications (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 760-762 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Conductive multilayers of YBa2Cu3O7−δ/SrRuO3/LaNiO3 (YBCO/SRO/LNO), YBCO/SRO, and YBCO/LNO were grown epitaxially on single-crystal LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 substrates. Property characterizations revealed that the YBCO films on SRO and SRO/LNO buffer structures have excellent structural and superconducting properties. The YBCO/LNO, however, suffers degradation in superconducting transition temperatures and critical current densities, despite a good crystalline structure. The SRO/LNO bilayer showed excellent electrical contact with YBCO. These results have demonstrated the structural and chemical compatibility of SRO/LNO multilayers with YBCO and their potential use as conductive buffer layers for YBCO-based coated conductors as well as for other high-temperature superconducting applications. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125886
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epitaxy of HgBa2CaCu2O6 superconducting films on biaxially textured Ni substrates (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 4193-4195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Superconducting HgBa2CaCu2O6 (Hg-1212) films have been coated on biaxially textured Ni substrates buffered with CeO2/YSZ/CeO2 trilayers. A two-step cation-exchange process was employed for Hg-1212 coatings, whereby epitaxial Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 precursor films grown in a fast temperature ramping annealing process were converted to Hg-1212 via diffusive Hg–Tl cation exchange. This minimizes chemical diffusion/reaction of Hg with the substrates and allows Hg-1212 films to inherit the epitaxy and smooth surface morphology of the Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 precursor films. The superconducting transition temperature (Tc) of these Hg-1212 coated conductors is up to 124 K. Self-field critical current densities (Jc) of 2.2×106 A/cm2 at 77 K have been obtained, with Jc values of 0.7×106 A/cm2 achieved at 100 K. These results show Hg-1212 coated conductors may hold promise for electrical power applications above 77 K. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1333400
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High critical current density in epitaxial HgBa2CaCu2OX thin films (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 2989-2991 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High quality superconducting HgBa2CaCu2Ox (Hg-1212) thin films have been reproducibly fabricated using cation-exchange method. The thin films have pure Hg-1212 phase and have smooth surface morphology. The superconducting transition temperatures of these films are in the range of 120–124 K. The critical current density Jc is up to 3.2×106 A/cm2 at 77 K and drops only by a factor of 2 at 100 K and self field. At 110 K, a Jc of 7.8×105 A/cm2 has been obtained. X-ray diffraction pole figures show that these films are epitaxially grown on LaAlO3(001) substrates, which is consistent with a χmin of 19% obtained using Rutherford backscattering/channeling analysis. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122653
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Minimization of detrimental effect of air in HgBa2CaCu2O6+δ thin film processing (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1766-1768 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have studied the effects of halogenizing HgBa2CaCu2O6+δ (Hg-1212) thin films and have found that the addition of chlorine/fluorine significantly enhances (1) the reproducibility and stability of Hg-1212 thin films, (2) the phase purity of Hg-1212 to over 90%, and (3) the magnetic critical current density (Jc,mag) both at zero field and in-field. A possible mechanism of preventing contamination of precursor materials by chlorine/fluorine doping is proposed. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121178
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superconductivity above 130 K in high-quality mercury-based cuprate thin films (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 862-864 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Superconductivity above 130 K has been achieved in c-axis-oriented HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ thin films. At 5 K, the superconducting critical current density (Jc) of the film is 23 MA/cm2 in the absence of magnetic field and above 2 MA/cm2 in 5 T magnetic field with the field along the c axis. A zero field Jc of 0.5 MA/cm2 is maintained to temperatures over 100 K, which indicates that the mercury-based cuprate thin films are promising for applications of superconducting electronic devices operating at above 100 K. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.116525
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ thin films on LaAlO3 substrates using fast temperature ramping Hg-vapor annealing (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 2565-2567 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The fast temperature ramping Hg-vapor annealing (FTRA) process has been used for growth of superconducting Hg-based cuprate thin films on (100) LaAlO3 substrates. The film/substrate interface chemical reactions and the formation of a CaHgO2 impurity phase have been effectively reduced with adoption of the FTRA process. A zero-resistance superconducting transition temperature of 128 K and critical current densities of up to 1.4×106 A/cm2 at 77 K and 2.5×105 A/cm2 at 110 K and zero field have been obtained. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.116185
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