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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Manufacturing Silicon Carbide Microrotors by Reactive Hot Isostatic Pressing within Micromachined Silicon Molds (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A novel ceramic microfabrication process—based on the idea of silicon carbide (SiC) reaction sintering within a micromachined silicon mold—has been developed to produce a SiC microroter for miniaturized gas turbines. The new process involves the micromachining of silicon molds; filling the molds with powder mixtures of α-SiC, graphite, and phenol resin; bonding the molds with an adhesive; reaction sintering by hot isostatic pressing (HIP); and the releasing of a reaction-sintered workpiece from the mold by wet etching. Using this process, we have successfully fabricated SiC microrotors with a diameter of 5 mm, whose complicated geometry was well transferred from the negative shape of the micromachined silicon mold. The reaction-HIPed SiC ceramics within Si molds showed reasonably good mechanical properties, which are comparable to those of the commercialized reaction-sintered SiC ceramics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00077.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical and mechanical properties of piezoelectric ceramic/metal composites in the Pb(Zr, Ti)O3/Pt system (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 2441-2443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: As a model for composite materials of piezoelectric ceramic and metal, lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and platinum (Pt) particulate composites were fabricated by power processing. The electrical and mechanical properties of the PZT–Pt composites were measured as a function of the Pt volume fraction. The relative dielectric constants of the PZT–Pt composites increased markedly, while the piezoelectric constants and electromechanical coupling coefficients decreased with increasing Pt content. When the Pt volume fraction exceeded 30%, the PZT–Pt composite became electrically conductive because of percolation of the Pt particles. The Pt-dispersed PZT composites enhanced the mechanical properties, particularly the high fracture resistance, compared to the monolithic PZT ceramics. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1403662
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase Transformation in Y2O3-Partially-Stabilized ZrO2 Polycrystals of Various Grain Sizes during Low-Temperature Aging in Water (1998)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 81 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: ZrO2-2 mol% Y2O3 crystals with average grain sizes from 0.51 to 0.96 µm were prepared by sintering in air at 1400°C for 2 to 100 h. The tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation associated with the low-temperature degradation was investigated to clarify how the presence of water directly affects the influence of grain size on transformation. The specimens were exposed to water at 80–120°C, a temperature range in which transformation by thermal activation is difficult in the absence of water. Contrary to expectations, this type of low-temperature transformation did not accelerate monotonously with increasing grain size. Instead, the amount of phase transformation first decreased, reaching a constant value, and then increased with increasing grain size. Such interesting results can be explained satisfactorily by the combined influences of grain size on the nucleation process, because of preferential dissolution of yttrium at the grain boundaries, and the intrinsic transformability of Y2O3-doped tetragonal ZrO2 grains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1998.tb02677.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ferroelectric and Photostrictive Properties of Fine-Grained PLZT Ceramics Derived from Mechanical Alloying (2004)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Single-phase lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) solid solution powder was synthesized from the constituent oxides at ambient temperature through a mechanical alloying (MA) process and was then densified to fine-grained ceramics by sintering and hot-pressing. The anomalous photovoltaic effect (APV) and photoinduced strain of the resultant PLZT ceramics were investigated and analyzed in association with the influence of grain size. It was found that a photoinduced voltage up to 6000 V·cm−1 can be obtained as the grain size is reduced to 0.42 μm. This is extremely high and about three times that achievable in normal micrometer-grained PLZT ceramics. The maximum photoinduced strain of the PLZT ceramics with an average grain diameter of 0.54 μm reached 0.01%, which is equivalent to electric-field-induced strain of common piezoelectric materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2004.01477.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical-Alloying-Assisted Synthesis of Ti3SiC2 Powder (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Mechanical alloying (MA) has been used to synthesize Ti3SiC2 powder from the elemental Ti, Si, and C powders. The MA formation conditions of Ti3SiC2 were strongly affected by the ball size for the conditions used. MA using large balls (20.6 mm in diameter) enhanced the formation of Ti3SiC2, probably via an MA-triggered combustion reaction, but the Ti3SiC2 phase was not synthesized only by the MA process using small balls (12.7 mm in diameter). Fine powders containing 95.8 vol% Ti3SiC2 can be obtained by annealing the mechanically alloyed powder at relatively low temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00210.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of Modified Lead Zirconate Titanate Ceramics Prepared at Low Temperature (800°C) by Hot Isostatic Pressing (2000)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 83 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: High-density lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics were fabricated for the first time at a temperature as low as 800°C via the hot isostatic pressing (HIP) of a PZT powder with a modified composition of 0.92Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3—0.05BiFeO3—0.03Ba(Cu0.5W0.5)O3 that contained 0.5 mass% MnO2. The resultant PZT ceramics exhibited a microstructure that was denser and finer than that of PZT sintered at 935°C, which is the lowest temperature for the densification of the same composition via normal sintering. The relevant dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the HIPed PZT ceramics were as follows: coefficient of electromechanical coupling (K31), 31.8%; mechanical quality factor (Qm), 1364; piezoelectric constant (d31), −73.7 × 10−12 C/N; relative dielectric constant (ɛ33T/ɛ0), 633; dielectric loss factor (tan δ), 0.5%; Curie temperature (Tc), 285°C; and density (ρ), 8.06 g/cm3. In addition to these reasonably good piezoelectric properties, the HIPed PZT exhibited better mechanical properties—particularly, higher fracture strength—than the normally sintered PZT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01303.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hot Isostatically Pressed SiC-AIN Powder Mixtures: Effect of Milling on Solid-Solution Formation and Related Properties (1998)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 81 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Powder mixtures with nominal compositions of 75 mol% SiC and 25 mol% AlN as well as 50 mol% SiC and 50 mol% AlN were prepared by ball milling for 1-300 h and subsequently sintered to full density by hot isostatic pressing (HIPing) at 1850°C under a pressure of 200 MPa. Microstructures and properties of the HIP-sintered SiC-AlN powder mixtures were investigated with special attention to the effect of ball milling on the formation of SiC-AlN solid solutions. Extensive ball milling facilitated effectively the formation of solid solutions by improvement in mixing homogeneity and pulverization of the SiC and AlN powders. Thermal conductivity of the HIP-sintered SiC-AlN powder mixtures decreased remarkably with ball-milling time, mainly because of the enhanced formation of solid solutions. Mechanical properties-such as strength, fracture toughness, and microhardness-were dependent on the microstructural homogeneity and the grain refinement resulting from the formation of solid solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1998.tb02502.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of Lead Zirconate Titanate Microrods for 1–3 Piezocomposites Using Hot Isostatic Pressing with Silicon Molds (1999)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 82 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new lost-mold process to fabricate piezoceramic microrods for 1–3 piezocomposites has been developed. A Si wafer was machined as a mold with a regular array of columnar cavities having a negative structure of piezoceramic microrods, by deep reactive ion etching (RIE). A lead zirconate titanate (PZT) slurry was cast into the Si mold and calcinated to burn out the binder, and fully condensed in the cavities by the glass-encapsulated hot isostatic pressing technique. Finally, the Si mold was selectively removed by XeF2 etching. PZT microrods with high aspect ratios (diameter 〈12 μm, aspect ratio 〉14), which can be used to construct high-resolution micro-ultrasonic transducers for medical imaging, were fabricated successfully by the present process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb01745.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Texture Control of Sol-Gel Derived Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 Thin Films Using Seeding Layer (2004)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Lead magnesium niobium titanate (PMNT) thin films with a composition near the morphotropic phase boundary were prepared on conventional Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates using a modified sol-gel process. A PbO seeding layer was introduced to the interface between the PMNT layer and the substrate to enhance the [001]-preferential orientation of the PMNT film. Single-phase perovskite PMNT films with highly [001]-preferential orientation were obtained at reduced annealing temperatures compared with the PMNT films directly deposited on the same substrates. The dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the prepared PMNT films were evaluated as a function of annealing temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2004.01031.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combustion Reaction During Mechanical Alloying Synthesis of Ti3SiC2 Ceramics from 3Ti/Si/2C Powder Mixture (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Mechanical alloying (MA) synthesis of Ti3SiC2 from a stoichiometric elemental powder mixture of Ti, Si, and C was conducted by using a planetary mill with a specially designed MA jar, which enables the real-time measurement of temperature and gas pressure during the MA process. Sudden gas pressure and temperature rises were detected when the mixed powders were mechanically alloyed for a certain period, and consequently a large amount of Ti3SiC2 particles was synthesized. Using the Ti–Si–C system as an example, the present study confirmed the combustion reaction triggered by the ball-milling process for the first time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00179.x
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