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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Northern Peatlands in global climatic change : proceedings of the international workshop held in Hyytiälä, Finland, 8-12 October 1995 (1996)
    Helsinki : Edita
    Details Availability
    Call number: AWI G1-97-0168
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 314 S. : graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Publications of the Academy of Finland 1/96
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 2
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    Responses of peatland vegetation to 15-year water level drawdown as mediated by fertility level (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Kokkonen, Nicola A K; Laine, Anna Maria; Laine, Jukka; Vasander, Harri; Kurki, Kirsi; Gong, Jinnan; Tuittila, Eeva-Stiina (2019): Responses of peatland vegetation to 15‐year water level drawdown as mediated by fertility level. Journal of Vegetation Science, 30(6), 1206-1216, https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12794
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: Peatland vegetation community data following experimental water level manipulation with measurements repeated six times in 15 years.
    Keywords: community; Peatland; repeated measurements; sphagnum; Vegetation; water level drawdown
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 55.3 kBytes
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  • 3
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    Annual chamber measurements of CH4 efflux and environmental variables from Lakkasuo peatland, Southern Finland (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-23
    Description: This study aimed at investigating the role of vegetation components, sedges, dwarf shrubs, and Sphagnum mosses, in methane fluxes of a boreal fen under natural and experimental water level drawdown conditions. We measured the fluxes during growing seasons 2001-2004 using the static chamber technique in a field experiment where the role of the ecosystem components was assessed via plant removal treatments. The first year was a calibration year after which the water level drawdown and vegetation removal treatments were applied. Under natural water level conditions, plant-mediated fluxes comprised 68 %-78% of the mean growing season flux (1.73 +/- 0.17 g CH4 m-2 month-1 from June to September), of which Sphagnum mosses and sedges accounted for one-fourth and three-fourths, respectively. The presence of dwarf shrubs, on the other hand, had a slightly attenuating effect on the fluxes. In water level drawdown conditions, the mean flux was close to zero (0.03 +/- 0:03 g CH4 m-2 month-1) and the presence and absence of the plant groups had a negligible effect.
    Keywords: Climate change; DATE/TIME; dwarf shrubs; Lakkasuo; Methane; Methane, flux per season; Net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide per season; Peatland; Plot; sedges; sphagnum; Sphagnum, cover; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 867 data points
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  • 4
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    Chamber measurements of CH4 efflux and environmental variables from Lakkasuo peatland, Southern Finland (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-23
    Description: This study aimed at investigating the role of vegetation components, sedges, dwarf shrubs, and Sphagnum mosses, in methane fluxes of a boreal fen under natural and experimental water level drawdown conditions. We measured the fluxes during growing seasons 2001-2004 using the static chamber technique in a field experiment where the role of the ecosystem components was assessed via plant removal treatments. The first year was a calibration year after which the water level drawdown and vegetation removal treatments were applied. Under natural water level conditions, plant-mediated fluxes comprised 68 %-78% of the mean growing season flux (1.73 +/- 0.17 g CH4 m-2 month-1 from June to September), of which Sphagnum mosses and sedges accounted for one-fourth and three-fourths, respectively. The presence of dwarf shrubs, on the other hand, had a slightly attenuating effect on the fluxes. In water level drawdown conditions, the mean flux was close to zero (0.03 +/- 0:03 g CH4 m-2 month-1) and the presence and absence of the plant groups had a negligible effect.
    Keywords: Climate change; DATE/TIME; Day of the year; dwarf shrubs; Lakkasuo; Leaf area index; Methane; Methane, flux; Month; Number of years; Peatland; Plot; sedges; Site; sphagnum; Sphagnum, cover; Temperature, peat; Temperature, technical; Treatment; Water level
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 24049 data points
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon balance and radiative forcing of Finnish peatlands 1900–2100 – the impact of forestry drainage (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 8 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: Natural peatlands accumulate carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). They affect the global climate by binding carbon dioxide (CO2) and releasing methane (CH4) to the atmosphere; in contrast fluxes of nitrous oxide (N2O) in natural peatlands are insignificant. Changes in drainage associated with forestry alter these greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes and thus the radiative forcing (RF) of peatlands. In this paper, changes in peat and tree stand C stores, GHG fluxes and the consequent RF of Finnish undisturbed and forestry-drained peatlands are estimated for 1900–2100. The C store in peat is estimated at 5.5 Pg in 1950. The rate of C sequestration into peat has increased from 2.2 Tg a--1 in 1900, when all peatlands were undrained, to 3.6 Tg a--1 at present, when c. 60% of peatlands have been drained for forestry. The C store in tree stands has increased from 60 to 170 Tg during the 20th century. Methane emissions have decreased from an estimated 1.0–0.5 Tg CH4--C a--1, while those of N2O have increased from 0.0003 to 0.005 Tg N2O--N a--1. The altered exchange rates of GHG gases since 1900 have decreased the RF of peatlands in Finland by about 3 mW m--2 from the predrainage situation. This result contradicts the common hypothesis that drainage results in increased C emissions and therefore increased RF of peatlands. The negative radiative forcing due to drainage is caused by increases in CO2 sequestration in peat (--0.5 mW m--2), tree stands and wood products (--0.8 mW m--2), decreases in CH4 emissions from peat to the atmosphere (--1.6 mW m--2), and only a small increase in N2O emissions (+0.1 mW m--2). Although the calculations presented include many uncertainties, the above results are considered qualitatively reliable and may be expected to be valid also for Scandinavian countries and Russia, where most forestry-drained peatlands occur outside Finland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00504.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methane dynamics of a restored cut-away peatland (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 6 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: We measured a cut-away peatland's CH4 dynamics using the static chamber technique one year before and two years after restoration (rewetting). The CH4 emissions were related to variation in vegetation and abiotic factors using multiple linear regression. A statistical model for CH4 flux with cottongrass cover (Eriophorum vaginatum L.), soil temperature, water level, and effective temperature sum index as driving variables explained most (r2 = 0.81) of the temporal and spatial variability in the fluxes. In addition to the direct increasing effect of raised water level on CH4 emissions, rewetting also promoted an increase of cottongrass cover which consequently increased carbon flux (substrate availability) into the system. The seasonal CH4 dynamics in tussocks followed seasonal CO2 dynamics till mid August but in late autumn CH4 emissions increased while CO2 influxes decreased. The reconstructed seasonal CH4 exchange was clearly higher following the rewetting, although it was still lower than emissions from pristine mires in the same area. However, our simulation for closed cottongrass vegetation showed that CH4 emissions from restored peatlands may remain at a lower level for a longer period of time even after sites have become fully vegetated and colonized by mire plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00341.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitivity of C Sequestration in Reintroduced Sphagnum to Water-Level Variation in a Cutaway Peatland (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Restoration ecology 12 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1526-100X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The reintroduction of Sphagnum fragments has been found to be a promising method for restoring mire vegetation in a cutaway peatland. Although it is known that moisture controls Sphagnum photosynthesis, information concerning the sensitivity of carbon dynamics on water-level variation is still scarce. In a 4-year field experiment, we studied the carbon dynamics of reintroduced Sphagnum angustifolium material in a restored (rewetted) cutaway peatland. Cutaway peatland restored by Sphagnum reintroduction showed high sensitivity to variation in water level. Water level controlled both photosynthesis and respiration. Gross photosynthesis (PG) had a unimodal response to water-level variation with optimum level at −12 cm. The range of water level for high PG (above 60% of the maximum light-saturated PG) was between 22 and 1 cm below soil surface. Water level had a dual effect on total respiration. When the water level was below soil surface, peat respiration increased rapidly along the lowering water level until the respiration rate started to slow down at approximately −30 cm. Contrary to peat respiration, the response of Sphagnum respiration to water-level variation resembled that of photosynthesis with an optimum at −12 cm. In optimal conditions, Sphagnum reintroduction turned the cutaway site from carbon source to a sink of 23 g C/m2 per season (mid-May to the end of September). In dry conditions, lowered photosynthesis together with the higher peat respiration led to a net loss of 56 g C/m2. Although the water level above the optimum amplitude restricted CO2 fixation, a decrease in peat respiration led to a positive CO2 balance of 9 g C/m2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1061-2971.2004.00280.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restored cut-away peatland as a sink for atmospheric CO2 (1999)
    Springer
    Oecologia 120 (1999), S. 563-574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Cut-away peatland ; CO2 exchange ; Eriophorum vaginatum ; Restoration ; Water level
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In a field study, we examined the relationship between vegetation, abiotic factors and the CO2 exchange dynamics of a cut-away peatland 20 years after production had ended. The main objective was to determine the effect of rewetting on the CO2 exchange dynamics, measured separately in Eriophorum vaginatum tussocks and intertussocks (almost non-vegetated surfaces) using closed-chamber techniques, one growing season before and three growing seasons after the rewetting treatment. Rewetting lowered total respiration (R TOT) and increased gross photosynthesis (P G), which resulted in a higher incorporation of CO2 into the system. The seasonal CO2 balance for the almost continuously submerged section of the rewetted site became positive 2 years after rewetting (9.1 g CO2-C m−2), and it was still higher in the 3rd year (64.5 g CO2-C m−2), i.e. the system accumulated carbon. In the driest section of the rewetted site the seasonal balance increased strongly, but the balance was still negative during the 3 years following rewetting with losses from the system of 44.1, 26.1, 38.3 g CO2-C m−2 in 1995, 1996 and 1997 respectively. At the control site seasonal balance during 1995–1997 varied between ecosystem C losses of 41.8 and 95.3 in an area with high Eriophorum cover and between 52.1 and 109.9 g CO2-C m−2 with lower cover. Simulation of a cut-away peatland with dense Eriophorum vegetation (Eriophorum cover 70%) showed that if the water level (WT) is low, the seasonal CO2 balance of the ecosystem can reach the compensation point of no net C change (P G = R TOT) only if weather conditions are favourable, but with a high WT the seasonal CO2 balance would be positive even under varying weather conditions. It can be concluded that with dense Eriophorum vegetation a restored cut-away peatland acts as a functional mire and becomes a sink for atmospheric CO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050891
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Root dynamics at drained peatland sites of different fertility in southern Finland (1998)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 201 (1998), S. 27-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: below-ground biomass ; mire ; Pinus sylvestris ; production
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Root (diameter ≤ 10 mm) biomass and production was studied in three Scots pine stands growing on drained peatland sites of different fertility in southern Finland with the sequential coring method during three growing seasons. Both the living and dead root biomasses increased with a decrease in the fertility of the sites. Mean three-year annual Scots pine root production on the sites varied between 65–112 g m-2 calculated by balancing transfers in the statistically significant changes in monthly living and dead root biomasses, and between 221–309 g m-2, in the case where all changes were accounted. The field layer root production for the sites was 36–156 g m-2 and 180–279 g m-2, respectively. Scots pine root production was somewhat greater on the nutrient poor site than on the other sites, whereas the field layer root production was greater on the richer sites. However, the differences in root production between the sites were not statistically significant due to the high variation. Scots pine root turnover did not vary between sites, whereas, that of the field layer was greater on the richer sites and also greater than that of Scots pine roots. The results also indicate that root production is positively affected by soil temperature and soil aeration on drained peatlands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004373822354
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-drainage changes in vegetation composition and carbon balance in Lakkasuo mire, Central Finland (1998)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 207 (1998), S. 107-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: carbon balance ; forest drainage ; ground vegetation ; peatland
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The post-drainage changes in vegetation composition and carbon balance were studied on four site types (from minero- to ombrotrophic conditions) in Lakkasuo mire, central Finland, by directly comparing undrained and drained parts (30 years ago) of the mire. Drainage had drastically changed the species composition of the sites, especially at the minerotrophic sites, where almost all Sphagna had been replaced by forest mosses. On the ombrotrophic sites much of the mire vegetation still remained 30 years after drainage. Drainage had decreased the C stores in ground vegetation on the minerotrophic sites but increased them on the ombrotrophic sites. The changes were, however, very small compared to the changes in the tree stand, where the C stores had increased at all sites (increasing with nutrient level). The change in peat C balance over the 30-year post-drainage period was negative on the most nutrient-rich site, and positive on the others, increasing with lower nutrient levels. The decrease in the peat C balance on the most nutrient-rich site was compensated by the greater increase in the tree stand C stores and the changes in the total C balance (peat+tree stand+ground vegetation) remained positive on all sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004466330076
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