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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of combustion parameters on the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, benzenes, and biphenyls and polyaromatic hydrocarbons in a pilot incinerator (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 27 (1993), S. 1602-1610 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00045a016
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Percentage of the total concentration of PFOS structural isomers in pooled livers of Ringed seal and Pilot whale liver from North West Greenland and Faroe Islands, respectively
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: Biological sample; BIOS; Event label; Faroe_Island; Faroe Islands; Greenland; NW-Greenland; Percentage; Sampling date; Species; Species, common name
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 66 data points
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  • 3
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    Median concentrations of perfluorinated carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids of three pooled liver samples from Arctic and North Atlantic marine mammals
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: Biological sample; BIOS; Event label; Faroe_Island; Faroe Islands; Greenland; Iceland; Jan_Mayen_N; Jan Mayen; Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) ACQUITY UPLC; NW-Greenland; Perfluorodecane sulfonate; Perfluorodecane sulfonate, standard deviation; Perfluorodecanoate; Perfluorodecanoate, standard deviation; Perfluorododecanoate; Perfluorododecanoate, standard deviation; Perfluorohexane sulfonate; Perfluorohexane sulfonate, standard deviation; Perfluorononanoate; Perfluorononanoate, standard deviation; Perfluorooctane sulfonate; Perfluorooctane sulfonate, standard deviation; Perfluorooctanoate; Perfluorooctanoate, standard deviation; Perfluorotridecanoate; Perfluorotridecanoate, standard deviation; Perfluoroundecanoate; Perfluoroundecanoate, standard deviation; Sampling date; Seas north of Jan Mayen Island; Species; Species, common name; W_Greenland; W_Iceland
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 305 data points
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  • 4
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    (Table 1) Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in liver and plasma samples of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Routti, Heli; Letcher, Robert J; Chu, Shaogang; van Bavel, Bert; Gabrielsen, Geir W (2009): Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and their hydroxylated analogues in ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from Svalbard and the Baltic Sea. Environmental Science & Technology, 43(10), 3494-3499, https://doi.org/10.1021/es900211u
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: The present study investigated the concentrations and patterns of PBDEs and hydroxylated (OH) PBDE analogues in two ringed seal populations: less contaminated Svalbard and more contaminated Baltic Sea. Mean concentration of hepatic sum-PBDE, which was dominated by BDE47, was six times higher in the ringed seals from the Baltic Sea compared to the seals from Svalbard. BDE47/sum-PBDE was higher in the seals from Svalbard compared to that for Baltic seals, while the trend was opposite for BDE153 and 154. The geographical difference in contaminant pattern of PBDEs in ringed seals could be explained by biotransformation via oxidative metabolism and/or by dietary differences. OH-PBDEs were detectable in the majority of plasma samples from both locations, and dominated by bioaccumulation of naturally occurring congeners. Low levels of 3-OH-BDE47 and 4'-OH-BDE49 in the Baltic ringed seals suggested minor oxidative biotransformation of BDE47. In the Baltic seals, BDE153/sum-PBDEs and BDE154/sum-PBDEs increased and BDE28/sum-PBDE decreased with increasing sum-POP concentration, which suggests BDE153 and 154 are more persistent than BDE28. Contrasting diets of the ringed seals in these two locations may influence the PBDE congener pattern due to selective long-range transport and direct effluent emissions to Svalbard and the Baltic, respectively.
    Keywords: Area/locality; Baltic Sea; BalticSea_Bothnia; Biological sample; BIOS; Comment; Event label; Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers; International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY; Lipids; MULT; Multiple investigations; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-100; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-138; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-153; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-154; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-183; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-28; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-47; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-66; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-85; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-99; Sample amount, subset; Sample type; Sampling date; Species; Species, common name; Svalbard
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 163 data points
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  • 5
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    (Table 2) Concentrations of polychlorinated naphthalene congeners in blubber samples from whales, seals and porpoises between 1986-2009 (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Rotander, Anna; van Bavel, Bert; Rigét, Frank F; Auðunsson, Guðjón Atli; Polder, Anuschka; Gabrielsen, Geir W; Víkingsson, Gísli; Mikkelsen, Bjarni; Dam, Maria (2012): Polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) in sub-Arctic and Arctic marine mammals, 1986-2009. Environmental Pollution, 164, 118-124, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2012.01.035
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: A selection of PCN congeners was analyzed in pooled blubber samples of pilot whale (Globicephala melas), ringed seal (Phoca hispida), minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) and Atlantic whitesided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), covering a time period of more than 20 years (1986-2009). A large geographical area of the North Atlantic and Arctic areas was covered. PCN congeners 48, 52, 53, 66 and 69 were found in the blubber samples between 0.03 and 5.9 ng/g lw. Also PCBs were analyzed in minke whales and fin whales from Iceland and the total PCN content accounted for 0.2% or less of the total non-planar PCB content. No statistically significant trend in contaminant levels could be established for the studied areas. However, in all species except minke whales caught off Norway the lowest Sum PCN concentrations were found in samples from the latest sampling period.
    Keywords: Biological sample; BIOS; Event label; Faroe_Island; Faroe Islands; Greenland; High resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS); Iceland; International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY; Jan_Mayen_N; Jan Mayen; Norway; NW-Greenland; Polychlorinated naphthalene; Polychlorinated naphthalene 48/35; Polychlorinated naphthalene 52/60; Polychlorinated naphthalene 53/55; Polychlorinated naphthalene 66/67; Polychlorinated naphthalene 69; Sampling date; Seas north of Jan Mayen Island; Species; Species, common name; W_Greenland; W_Iceland
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 301 data points
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  • 6
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    (Table 2) Polybrominated diphenyl ether concentration in blubber samples from whales, seals and porpoises between 1986-2009 (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Rotander, Anna; van Bavel, Bert; Rigét, Frank F; Auðunsson, Guðjón Atli; Polder, Anuschka; Gabrielsen, Geir W; Víkingsson, Gísli; Mikkelsen, Bjarni; Dam, Maria (2012): Methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs) are major contributors to the persistent organobromine load in sub-Arctic and Arctic marine mammals, 1986-2009. Science of the Total Environment, 416, 482-489, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.12.010
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: A selection of MeO-BDE and BDE congeners were analyzed in pooled blubber samples of pilot whale (Globicephala melas), ringed seal (Phoca hispida), minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), hooded seal (Cystophora cristata), and Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), covering a time period of more than 20 years (1986-2009). The analytes were extracted and cleaned-up using open column extraction and multi-layer silica gel column chromatography. The analysis was performed using both low resolution and high resolution GC-MS. MeO-PBDE concentrations relative to total PBDE concentrations varied greatly between sampling periods and species. The highest MeO-PBDE levels were found in the toothed whale species pilot whale and white-sided dolphin, often exceeding the concentration of the most abundant PBDE, BDE-47. The lowest MeO-PBDE levels were found in fin whales and ringed seals. The main MeO-BDE congeners were 6-MeO-BDE47 and 2'-MeO-BDE68. A weak correlation only between BDE47 and its methoxylated analog 6-MeO-BDE47 was found and is indicative of a natural source for MeO-PBDEs.
    Keywords: Area/locality; Biological sample; BIOS; E_Greenland; Event label; Faroe_Island; Faroe Islands; Greenland; Iceland; International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Method comment; Methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Norway; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-47; Sample type; Sampling date; Sex; Species; Species, common name; W_Greenland; W_Iceland
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 291 data points
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  • 7
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    (Table 3) Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ether and congeners in blubber samples from whales, seals and porpoises between 1986-2009 (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Rotander, Anna; van Bavel, Bert; Polder, Anuschka; Rigét, Frank F; Auðunsson, Guðjón Atli; Gabrielsen, Geir W; Víkingsson, Gísli; Bloch, Dorete; Dam, Maria (2012): Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in marine mammals from Arctic and North Atlantic regions, 1986-2009. Environment International, 40, 102-109, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2011.07.001
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: A selection of PBDE congeners was analyzed in pooled blubber samples of pilot whale (Globicephala melas), ringed seal (Phoca hispida), minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) and Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), covering a time period of more than 20 years (1986-2009). The analytes were extracted and cleaned-up using open column extraction and multi-layer silica gel column chromatography, and the analysis was performed on a GC-MS system operating in the NCI mode. The highest PBDE levels were found in the toothed whale species pilot whale and white-sided dolphin, and the lowest levels in fin whales and ringed seals. One-sided analyses of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey comparisons of means were applied to test for differences between years and sampling areas. Due to inter-year sampling variability, only general comparisons of PBDE concentrations between different sampling areas could be made. Differences in PBDE concentrations between three sampling periods, from 1986 to 2007, were evaluated in samples of pilot whales, ringed seals, white-sided dolphins and hooded seals. The highest PBDE levels were found in samples from the late 1990s or beginning of 2000, possibly reflecting the increase in the global production of technical PBDE mixtures in the 1990s. The levels of BDE #153 and #154 increased relative to the total PBDE concentration in some of the species in recent years, which may indicate an increased relative exposure to higher brominated congeners. In order to assess the effect of measures taken in legally binding international agreements, it is important to continuously monitor POPs such as PBDEs in sub-Arctic and Arctic environments.
    Keywords: Biological sample; BIOS; Comment; Event label; Faroe_Island; Faroe Islands; Greenland; Iceland; International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY; Jan_Mayen_N; Jan Mayen; Norway; NW-Greenland; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-100; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-138; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-153; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-154; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-183; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-28; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-47; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-66; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-85; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, congener BDE-99; Sampling date; Seas north of Jan Mayen Island; Species; Species, common name; W_Greenland; W_Iceland
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 532 data points
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  • 8
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    (Table 1) Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and PCB metabolite concentrations in ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from Svalbard and the Baltic Sea (2008)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Routti, Heli; Letcher, Robert J; Arukwe, Augustine; van Bavel, Bert; Yoccoz, Nigel G; Chu, Shaogang; Gabrielsen, Geir W (2008): Biotransformation of PCBs in relation to phase I and II xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme activities in ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from Svalbard and the Baltic Sea. Environmental Science & Technology, 42(23), 8952-8958, https://doi.org/10.1021/es801682f
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) may induce activity of hepatic enzymes, mainly Phase I monooxygenases and conjugating Phase II enzymes, that catalyze the metabolism of PCBs leading to formation of metabolites and to potential adverse health effects. The present study investigates the concentration and pattern of PCBs, the induction of hepatic phase I and II enzymes, and the formation of hydroxy (OH) and methylsulfonyl (CH3SO2=MeSO2) PCB metabolites in two ringed seal (Phoca hispida) populations, which are contrasted by the degree of contamination exposure, that is, highly contaminated Baltic Sea (n = 31) and less contaminated Svalbard (n = 21). Phase I enzymes were measured as ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylation (EROD), benzyloxyresorufin-O-dealkylation (BROD), methoxyresorufin-O-demethylation (MROD), and pentoxyresorufin-O-dealkylation (PROD) activities, and phase II enzymes were measured as uridine diphosphophate glucuronosyl transferase (UDPGT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). Geographical comparison, multivariate, and correlation analysis indicated that sum-PCB had a positive impact on Phase I enzyme and GST activities leading to biotransformation of group III (vicinal ortho-meta-H atoms and 〈=1 ortho-chlorine (Cl)) and IV PCBs (vicinal meta-para-H atoms and 〈=2 ortho-Cl). The potential precursors for the main OH-PCBs detected in plasma in the Baltic seals were group III PCBs. MeSO2-PCBs detected in liver were mainly products of group IV PCB metabolism. Both CYP1A- and CYP2B-like enzymes are suggested to be involved in the PCB biotransformation in ringed seals.
    Keywords: Age, relative, number of years; Age, standard deviation; Area/locality; Baltic Sea; BalticSea_Bothnia; Biological sample; BIOS; Event label; Female; Hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyl; Hydroxy-polychlorinated biphenyl, standard deviation; International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY; Lipids; Lipids, standard deviation; Male; Methyl sulfone polychlorinated biphenyl; Methyl sulfone polychlorinated biphenyl, standard deviation; MULT; Multiple investigations; Polychlorinated biphenyl; Polychlorinated biphenyl, standard deviation; Sample amount, subset; Sample type; Sampling date; Species; Species, common name; Svalbard
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 102 data points
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  • 9
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    (Table 1) Concentrations of the main organochlorine pesticides in liver and plasma samples of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Routti, Heli; van Bavel, Bert; Letcher, Robert J; Arukwe, Augustine; Chu, Shaogang; Gabrielsen, Geir W (2009): Concentrations, patterns and metabolites of organochlorine pesticides in relation to xenobiotic phase I and II enzyme activities in ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from Svalbard and the Baltic Sea. Environmental Pollution, 157(8-9), 2428-2434, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.03.008
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: The present study investigates the concentrations and patterns of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and their metabolites in liver and plasma of two ringed seal populations (Phoca hispida): lower contaminated Svalbard population and more contaminated Baltic Sea population. Among OCPs, p,p'-DDE and sum-chlordanes were the highest in concentration. With increasing hepatic contaminant concentrations and activities of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, the concentrations of 3-methylsulfonyl-p,p'-DDE and the concentration ratios of pentachlorophenol/hexachlorobenzene increased, and the toxaphene pattern shifted more towards persistent Parlar-26 and -50 and less towards more biodegradable Parlar-44. Relative concentrations of the chlordane metabolites, oxychlordane and -heptachlorepoxide, to sum-chlordanes were higher in the seals from Svalbard compared to the seals from the Baltic, while the trend was opposite for cis- and trans-nonachlor. The observed differences in the OCP patterns in the seals from the two populations are probably related to the catalytic activity of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, and also to differences in dietary exposure.
    Keywords: 3-methylsulfonyl p,p-dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene; 4-hydroxy-heptachlorostyrene; Area/locality; Baltic Sea; BalticSea_Bothnia; Biological sample; BIOS; Chlordane; Event label; Hexachlorobenzene; International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY; Lipids; MULT; Multiple investigations; Organochlorine pesticides; para,para-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene; Sample amount, subset; Sample type; Sampling date; Species; Species, common name; Svalbard; Toxaphene, total
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 131 data points
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  • 10
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    Concentrations of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and sulfonic acids (PFSAs) in liver samples of different marine mammals (1984-2009) (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Rotander, Anna; Kärrman, Anna; van Bavel, Bert; Polder, Anuschka; Rigét, Frank F; Auðunsson, Guðjón Atli; Víkingsson, Gísli; Gabrielsen, Geir W; Bloch, Dorete; Dam, Maria (2012): Increasing levels of long-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) in Arctic and North Atlantic marine mammals, 1984-2009. Chemosphere, 86(3), 278-285, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.09.054
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: Temporal variations in concentrations of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and sulfonic acids (PFSAs), including perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) structural isomers, were examined in livers of pilot whale (Globicephala melas), ringed seal (Phoca hispida), minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), hooded seal (Cystophora cristata), Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus) and in muscle tissue of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus). The sampling spanned over 20 years (1984-2009) and covered a large geographical area of the North Atlantic and West Greenland. Liver and muscle samples were homogenized, extracted with acetonitrile, cleaned up using hexane and solid phase extraction (SPE), and analyzed by liquid chromatography with negative electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In general, the levels of the long-chained PFCAs (C9-C12) increased whereas the levels of PFOS remained steady over the studied period. The PFOS isomer pattern in pilot whale liver was relatively constant over the sampling years. However, in ringed seals there seemed to be a decrease in linear PFOS (L-PFOS) with time, going from 91% in 1984 to 83% in 2006.
    Keywords: International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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