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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-03-22
    Description: Water markets are increasingly proposed as a demand-management strategy to deal with water scarcity. Water trading arrangements, on their own, are not about setting bio-physical limits to water-use. Nevertheless, water trading that mitigates scarcity constraints can assist regulators of water resources to keep water-use within limits at the lowest possible cost, and may reduce the cost of restoring water system health. While theoretically attractive, many practitioners have, at best, only a limited understanding of the practical usefulness of markets and how they might be most appropriately deployed. Using lessons learned from jurisdictions around the world where water markets have been implemented, this study attempts to fill the existing water market development gap and provide an initial framework (the water market readiness assessment (WMRA)) to describe the policy and administrative conditions/reforms necessary to enable governments/jurisdictions to develop water trading arrangements that are efficient, equitable and within sustainable limits. Our proposed framework consists of three key steps: 1) an assessment of hydrological and institutional needs; 2) a market evaluation, including assessment of development and implementation issues; and 3) the monitoring, continuous/review and assessment of future needs; with a variety of questions needing assessment at each stage. We apply the framework to three examples: regions in Australia, the United States and Spain. These applications indicate that WMRA can provide key information for water planners to consider on the usefulness of water trading processes to better manage water scarcity; but further practical applications and tests of the framework are required to fully evaluate its effectiveness.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Water markets ; water trade ; water scarcity ; demand-side management ; economic instruments ; water accounting ; RNFD ; RNU ; KCN ; RND
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Royal Irish Academy
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Unearthed: impacts of the Tellus surveys of the north of Ireland details how this unprecedented land and air survey of hidden Ireland rewards us with a more complete understanding of the natural history of this region. It tells an epic story of how Ireland’s geological past will sustain its future'. Professor Iain Stewart MBE Between 2004 and 2013, €15 million of government and EU funding was spent on high-resolution, airborne geophysical and geochemical sampling surveys of Northern Ireland and the six northern counties of the Republic of Ireland. This book presents some of the findings of the first two stages of Tellus, the largest collaborative cross-border programme of geoscience surveys ever undertaken on the island of Ireland. Tellus is a concerted cross-border investment in the terrestrial geosciences, intended both to stimulate exploration for natural resources and to generate essential data for environmental management. A huge volume of geoscientific data has already been produced and analysed by researchers in Ireland, the UK and beyond. In this book, scientists who have worked with the Tellus data reflect on the outputs and impacts in terms of the economy, the environment, energy, agriculture and ecology.
    Keywords: Geology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBG Geology, geomorphology and the lithosphere
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Sedimentology 47 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3091
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: This study focuses on Miocene sedimentation and stratigraphic evolution in a major transfer zone at the northern tip of the Thal Fault segment, Gulf of Suez. The succession generally shoals upwards from offshore mudstone containing pro-delta turbidites, into conglomeratic delta foresets and topsets, with sandstone-dominated shoreface facies coexisting laterally. Despite this upward shoaling, key stratal surfaces marking abrupt changes in relative sea-level allow the succession to be divided into four stratal units. The stacking pattern of the stratal units suggests an initial relative sea-level rise that generated a major marine flooding surface. A relative sea-level fall followed, resulting in widespread exposure and incision. During the ensuing relative sea-level rise a lowstand coarse-grained delta and coeval shoreface succession prograded several kilometres basinward. The stratigraphic development of the transfer zone delta is in marked contrast to that of aggradationally stacked deltas that occur near the centre of the Baba-Sidri fault segment, further south. At the transfer zone, low rates of subsidence and accommodation development coupled with a high sediment supply derived from a large fault tip drainage catchment have produced a strongly progradational delta subject to marked changes in relative sea-level. In the fault centre location, however, higher rates of accommodation development coupled with lower rates of sediment supply from footwall catchments have produced aggradationally stacked deltas. The results from this study have implications for sequence stratigraphic models and hydrocarbon exploration within extensional basins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 26 (2005), S. 228-241 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Purpose - To develop a model clarifying the personal factors and behavioural characteristics (competencies) relevant to effective command, leadership and management in the Royal Navy. Design/methodology/approach - A questionnaire study was conducted on a sample of 261 Officers and ratings. Their performance was rated through the organisation's own rigorous appraisal process whilst personality and competency data were gathered through the use of the well-established occupational personality questionnaire (OPQ) and the relatively new leadership dimensions questionnaire (LDQ). Findings - The results provide support for the RN's current integrated approach to command, leadership and management by identifying four "supra-competency" clusters - conceptualising, aligning, interacting and creating success - and the related personality and leadership dimensions, which are correlated with high performance. Support for the validity of the LDQ and OPQ questionnaires is also produced by the results found from performance appraisal data. Research limitations/implications - The research was conducted within one establishment of one of the services (the RN). Further replication studies in other services and private sector companies are planned or underway. Practical implications - The model produced from this study is now being used by the British Royal Navy as the basis of command, leadership and management training and development and its use by the Admiralty Interview Board for Officer selection is currently under consideration. Some findings are generalisable to other organisations. Originality/value - This is a rare example of a study of leadership validated against formal performance appraisal data. The fact that conclusions are drawn from an appraisal system which conforms to best practice and from a highly representative sample, with a 97 per cent response rate, supports the value of these findings for both academic researchers and practitioners.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2015-05-06
    Description: Arctic primary production is sensitive to reductions in sea ice cover, and will likely increase into the future. Whether this increased primary production (PP) will translate into increased export of particulate organic carbon (POC) is currently unclear. Here we report on the POC export efficiency during summer 2012 in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean. We coupled 234-Thorium based estimates of the export flux of POC to onboard incubation based estimates of PP. Export efficiency (defined as the fraction of PP that is exported below 100 m depth: ThE -ratio) showed large variability (0.09 ± 0.19 to 1.3 ± 0.3). The highest ThE -ratio (1.3 ± 0.3) was recorded in a mono-specific bloom of Phaeocystis pouchetii located in the ice edge. Blooming diatom dominated areas also had high ThE -ratios (0.1 ± 0.1 to 0.5 ± 0.2), while mixed and/or pre-bloom communities showed lower ThE -ratios (0.10 ± 0.03 to 0.19 ± 0.05). Furthermore, using oxygen saturation, bacterial abundance, bacterial production, and zooplankton oxygen demand, we also investigated spatial variability in the degree to which this sinking material may be remineralised in the upper mesopelagic (〈 300 m). Our results suggest that blooming diatoms and P. pouchetii can export a significant fraction of their biomass below the surface layer (100 m) in the open Arctic Ocean. Also, we show evidence that the material sinking from a P. pouchetii bloom may be remineralised (〉100m) at a similar rate as the material sinking from diatom blooms in the upper mesopelagic, contrary to previous findings. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 6
  • 7
    Publication Date: 2009-01-01
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2148
    Topics: Biology
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1997-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0921-8009
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-6106
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Economics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2002-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0921-8009
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-6106
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Economics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2000-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0037-0746
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-3091
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Wiley
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