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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 1541-1546 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Theoretical formulations based on a coupled-mode theory and a supermode theory are developed for discussing electron transfer efficiency in quantum well waveguide couplers. We apply a coupled-mode theory to electron waveguide couplers in the weak coupling regime and show that the transfer efficiency can be near but not higher than 100%. In the strong coupling regime, we can appropriately handle the electron waves in quantum well waveguide couplers by introducing a supermode theory, and demonstrate that the transfer efficiency is always lower than 100%. We will discuss the underlying physics in an attempt to gain an insight into the transfer efficiency related issues. Calculations for specific semiconductor electron waveguide couplers made of GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells will be given for quantitative illustrations. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 8197-8203 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new class of quantum cascade lasers based on type-II quantum wells is analyzed. In these novel mid- and long-wavelength IR lasers, not only can a population inversion be easily created with a nearly 100% current injection efficiency, but also the nonradiative loss from the optical phonon scattering can be greatly suppressed. A general description of how the lasing threshold current depends on the injection, radiative, and inversion efficiencies is formulated to illustrate the expected improvements over the recently reported quantum cascade laser. Also, the features that distinguish quantum cascade lasers from traditional bipolar lasers are discussed in the context of the carrier transport in equivalent circuit models to illustrate the advantages of quantum cascade lasers for high power mid- and long-wavelength IR source applications. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 1542-1544 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This letter reports a recent experiment on resonant interband tunneling (RIT) diodes and the measured room temperature peak-to-valley (P/V) current ratio of 104:1 which represents the highest P/V ratio ever reported in any tunneling device. The RIT diode studied in this work consists of an InGaAs/InAlAs double-quantum well system embedded in a pn junction structure grown on InP.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 4714-4726 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this work, based on a two-band k⋅P theory formulation, the transmission properties of polytype interband tunneling heterostructures are analyzed. The expressions for the continuity equation and the conservation of particle in the two-band picture of the interband tunneling are rigorously derived. A general and explicit relation between the quasibound state and the transmission resonance is established. Close-form analytical expressions for the transmission coefficient and the resonant condition are also derived. Our analysis provides reasonable explanations to all available experimental results in the polytype interband tunnel heterostructures, and insight to the design of the interband tunnel devices. In particular, the double quantum well structure is examined in detail for achieving strong resonances and multiple negative differential resistances.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 3167-3169 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Midinfrared (3.6–3.8 μm) interband cascade lasers based on InAs/GaInSb type-II quantum wells have been demonstrated in the continuous-wave (cw) mode with low-threshold current densities (e.g., ∼56 A/cm2 at 80 K) and power efficiencies exceeding 9%. At a relatively low current of 0.4 A, we observed ∼100 mW/facet of optical power out at 80 K (124 mW at 60 K) from lasers mounted epilayer-side up with uncoated facets. These lasers were able to operate in the cw mode at temperatures up to 127 K. Also, in the pulsed mode, devices lased at temperatures up to 250 K and displayed, at 80 K, a peak power efficiency exceeding 11%. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 3265-3267 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Quantum real-space transfer of carriers in semiconductor heterostructures, which relies solely on the wave nature of electrons governed by quantum mechanics, is investigated. In quantum-well structures where electron effective mass varies spatially, the confined electron wave function can be modified by changing the longitudinal momentum via an external electric field parallel to the quantum-well plane. This shifts electrons perpendicularly to another layer having a different effective mass. Issues associated with realistic scattering are identified for unambiguously demonstrating this quantum real-space transfer in practical situations. Specific quantum-well structures for realizing the quantum real-space transfer are proposed with calculations. Potential applications of the quantum real-space transfer are discussed. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 2409-2411 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report a high power mid-infrared interband cascade laser operating at temperatures up to 170 K. The threshold current densities of this laser are considerably lower than the previously reported values in cascade lasers. The structure was grown by molecular beam epitaxy on a GaSb substrate and comprises 23 periods of active regions separated by digitally graded multilayer injection regions. A peak optical output power of ∼0.5 W/facet and a slope of 211 mW/A per facet, corresponding to a differential external quantum efficiency of 131%, are observed at 80 K and at a wavelength of ∼3.9 μm. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 2220-2222 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An external differential quantum efficiency exceeding 200% has been observed from 4 μm InAs/InGaSb/AlSb interband cascade lasers under 1 μs pulses and 0.1% duty cycle at 80 K. By increasing the pulse lengths and the repetition rates, average powers 〉16 mW have been measured with 5 μs pulses at 10% duty cycle, the internal quantum efficiency and the internal loss are determined to be 220% and 14 cm−1, respectively. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 2013-2015 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Interband cascade electroluminescence in the 5–8 μm spectrum region is observed from a staircase of Sb-based type-II quantum well structures. The structure was grown by molecular beam epitaxy on a GaSb substrate and comprises 15 periods of active regions separated by digitally graded multilayer injection regions. The device has been operated at 300 and 77 K with an output optical power up to 700 nW. The strong blue shift of the electroluminescent peak with the applied bias due to the Stark effect has also been observed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002), S. 397-399 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A mid-IR (3.3–3.5 μm) type-II interband cascade laser has been demonstrated at temperatures up to 300 K in pulsed mode and 150 K in cw mode. Threshold current densities as low as 13.2 A/cm2 and power efficiencies as large as 17% have been achieved under cw conditions at 80 K. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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