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  • 1
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    Temperature field analysis of hydraulic engineering structure with cracks based on XFEM (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-06
    Description: For the long-term exposure to temperature load, certain parts of a concrete structure have more or less cracks during their construction or operation period. Obviously, the existence of cracks disrupts the heat transmission, having a significant impact on the existed cracks, and is not conducive to operate the structure safely. Thus, it is necessary to calculate and analyze the temperature field. XFEM was introduced into the analysis of the temperature field in hydraulic structures for its unique advantage of solving discontinuous problems, in this paper. Firstly, the approximation form of the temperature field of cracked structure was analyzed and provided; and then the discrete equations for solving discontinuous temperature field was deduced, where the crack was simulated by isothermal form, namely, the temperature field is continuous but its first derivative is not continuous; and then the temperature field by XFEM was established. A numerical example of a cross shaped plate...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 2
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    3C-SiC nanocrystals/TiO2 nanotube heterostructures with enhanced photocatalytic performance (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-06-10
    Description: p -type ultrathin 3C-SiC nanocrystals are coated on heat-treated n -type TiO 2 nanotube arrays formed by electrochemical etching of Ti sheets to produce heterostructured photocatalysts. Depending on the amounts of 3C-SiC nanocrystals on the TiO 2 nanotubes, photocatalytic degradation of organic species can be enhanced. The intrinsic electric field induced by the heterojunction promotes separation of the photoexcited electrons-holes in both the TiO 2 nanotubes and 3C-SiC nanocrystals. Hence, holes can more effectively travel to the surface of 3C-SiC nanocrystals and there are more electrons on the surface of TiO 2 nanotubes consequently forming more • O 2 − and • OH species to degrade organic molecules.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    Quantum confinement effects across two-dimensional planes in MoS2 quantum dots (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-12
    Description: The low quantum yield (∼10 −5 ) has restricted practical use of photoluminescence (PL) from MoS 2 composed of a few layers, but the quantum confinement effects across two-dimensional planes are believed to be able to boost the PL intensity. In this work, PL from 2 to 9 nm MoS 2 quantum dots (QDs) is excluded from the solvent and the absorption and PL spectra are shown to be consistent with the size distribution. PL from MoS 2 QDs is also found to be sensitive to aggregation due to the size effect.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 4
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    Tunable photoluminescence from sheet-like black phosphorus crystal by electrochemical oxidation (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-14
    Description: An electrochemical method to prepare two-dimensional (2D) layered black phosphorus oxide with an inhomogeneous and non-stoichiometric structure is developed and described. The localized oxygen-related electronic states induce tunable photoluminescence (PL) between 620 and 670 nm. After oxidation, several new Raman modes with frequencies below 300 cm −1 emerge and the A g 1 mode splits into two sub-bands. The frequency difference between the two sub-bands (Δ) exhibits a monotonic dependence on the emission wavelength suggesting that PL is determined by the degree of oxidation. Similar to graphene oxide, phosphorene oxide is a promising 2D structure with many potential applications.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    Performance study of UEI based on the relatively matching of energy supply-demand information entropy (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-31
    Description: This paper studies the performance of UEI (Ubiquitous Energy Internet) by means of its energy supply-demand matching degree. First of all, the energy supply-demand matching degree of UEI is defined, and then the information entropy of energy supply-demand match degree is defined either by use of Shannon’s information entropy theory. On the basis of these two definitions, the energy matching degree information entropy of the distributed Energy Internet is defined. By the study of information entropy characteristic and energy supply-demand matching degree, the evaluation model of energy supply-demand matching degree of UEI is provided, and the performance of UEI is evaluated. Finally, the effectiveness of this evaluation model in solving the supply-demand performance evaluation problem of UEI is proved by an example.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 6
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    Study of exergy costs model based on main and auxiliary energy outputs in produce nodes of UEI (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-10-31
    Description: In this paper, the exergy costs apportion problem of SIMO (single input and multiple outputs) energy produce node in UEI (Ubiquitous Energy Internet) is studied. The traditional exergy costs model is not suitable for solving the exergy costs problem in the UEI scenario. Considering the main and auxiliary output exergy, the energy expenses and non-energy expenses divide additionally. Then two apportion rules that used for solving exergy costs problem in the process of energy produce are provided. At last, a new exergy cost share model is built. Comparing this new exergy cost model with traditional exergy cost model, the main output exergy costs are higher and the auxiliary output exergy costs are lower. The exergy cost calculated by the new exergy cost model is closer to the actual exergy costs of the UEI produce node. This exergy costs could be a more reliable cost data in the process of production decision in a Ubiquitous Energy Internet produce nodes.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 7
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    Mouse genomic variation and its effect on phenotypes and gene regulation (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-17
    Description: We report genome sequences of 17 inbred strains of laboratory mice and identify almost ten times more variants than previously known. We use these genomes to explore the phylogenetic history of the laboratory mouse and to examine the functional consequences of allele-specific variation on transcript abundance, revealing that at least 12% of transcripts show a significant tissue-specific expression bias. By identifying candidate functional variants at 718 quantitative trait loci we show that the molecular nature of functional variants and their position relative to genes vary according to the effect size of the locus. These sequences provide a starting point for a new era in the functional analysis of a key model organism.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3276836/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3276836/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Keane, Thomas M -- Goodstadt, Leo -- Danecek, Petr -- White, Michael A -- Wong, Kim -- Yalcin, Binnaz -- Heger, Andreas -- Agam, Avigail -- Slater, Guy -- Goodson, Martin -- Furlotte, Nicholas A -- Eskin, Eleazar -- Nellaker, Christoffer -- Whitley, Helen -- Cleak, James -- Janowitz, Deborah -- Hernandez-Pliego, Polinka -- Edwards, Andrew -- Belgard, T Grant -- Oliver, Peter L -- McIntyre, Rebecca E -- Bhomra, Amarjit -- Nicod, Jerome -- Gan, Xiangchao -- Yuan, Wei -- van der Weyden, Louise -- Steward, Charles A -- Bala, Sendu -- Stalker, Jim -- Mott, Richard -- Durbin, Richard -- Jackson, Ian J -- Czechanski, Anne -- Guerra-Assuncao, Jose Afonso -- Donahue, Leah Rae -- Reinholdt, Laura G -- Payseur, Bret A -- Ponting, Chris P -- Birney, Ewan -- Flint, Jonathan -- Adams, David J -- 077192/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 079912/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 082356/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 083573/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 083573/Z/07/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 085906/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 085906/Z/08/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 090532/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 2T15LM007359/LM/NLM NIH HHS/ -- A6997/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- BB/F022697/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0800024/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- K25 HL080079/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- MC_U127561112/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U137761446/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2011 Sep 14;477(7364):289-94. doi: 10.1038/nature10413.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21921910" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Animals, Laboratory/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation/*genetics ; Genetic Variation/*genetics ; Genome/*genetics ; Genomics ; Mice/classification/*genetics ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/genetics ; Mice, Inbred Strains/*genetics ; *Phenotype ; Phylogeny ; Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 8
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    Multiple reference genomes and transcriptomes for Arabidopsis thaliana (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-30
    Description: Genetic differences between Arabidopsis thaliana accessions underlie the plant's extensive phenotypic variation, and until now these have been interpreted largely in the context of the annotated reference accession Col-0. Here we report the sequencing, assembly and annotation of the genomes of 18 natural A. thaliana accessions, and their transcriptomes. When assessed on the basis of the reference annotation, one-third of protein-coding genes are predicted to be disrupted in at least one accession. However, re-annotation of each genome revealed that alternative gene models often restore coding potential. Gene expression in seedlings differed for nearly half of expressed genes and was frequently associated with cis variants within 5 kilobases, as were intron retention alternative splicing events. Sequence and expression variation is most pronounced in genes that respond to the biotic environment. Our data further promote evolutionary and functional studies in A. thaliana, especially the MAGIC genetic reference population descended from these accessions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gan, Xiangchao -- Stegle, Oliver -- Behr, Jonas -- Steffen, Joshua G -- Drewe, Philipp -- Hildebrand, Katie L -- Lyngsoe, Rune -- Schultheiss, Sebastian J -- Osborne, Edward J -- Sreedharan, Vipin T -- Kahles, Andre -- Bohnert, Regina -- Jean, Geraldine -- Derwent, Paul -- Kersey, Paul -- Belfield, Eric J -- Harberd, Nicholas P -- Kemen, Eric -- Toomajian, Christopher -- Kover, Paula X -- Clark, Richard M -- Ratsch, Gunnar -- Mott, Richard -- 090532/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 090532/Z/09/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- BB/D016029/2/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- BB/F019793/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- BB/F020759/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- BB/F022697/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2011 Aug 28;477(7365):419-23. doi: 10.1038/nature10414.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21874022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/classification/*genetics ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics ; Base Sequence ; *Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/*genetics ; Genes, Plant/genetics ; Genome, Plant/*genetics ; Genomics ; Haplotypes/genetics ; INDEL Mutation/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Proteome/genetics ; Seedlings/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Transcription, Genetic/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 9
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    Sequence-based characterization of structural variation in the mouse genome (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2011-09-17
    Description: Structural variation is widespread in mammalian genomes and is an important cause of disease, but just how abundant and important structural variants (SVs) are in shaping phenotypic variation remains unclear. Without knowing how many SVs there are, and how they arise, it is difficult to discover what they do. Combining experimental with automated analyses, we identified 711,920 SVs at 281,243 sites in the genomes of thirteen classical and four wild-derived inbred mouse strains. The majority of SVs are less than 1 kilobase in size and 98% are deletions or insertions. The breakpoints of 160,000 SVs were mapped to base pair resolution, allowing us to infer that insertion of retrotransposons causes more than half of SVs. Yet, despite their prevalence, SVs are less likely than other sequence variants to cause gene expression or quantitative phenotypic variation. We identified 24 SVs that disrupt coding exons, acting as rare variants of large effect on gene function. One-third of the genes so affected have immunological functions.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3428933/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3428933/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yalcin, Binnaz -- Wong, Kim -- Agam, Avigail -- Goodson, Martin -- Keane, Thomas M -- Gan, Xiangchao -- Nellaker, Christoffer -- Goodstadt, Leo -- Nicod, Jerome -- Bhomra, Amarjit -- Hernandez-Pliego, Polinka -- Whitley, Helen -- Cleak, James -- Dutton, Rebekah -- Janowitz, Deborah -- Mott, Richard -- Adams, David J -- Flint, Jonathan -- 079912/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 082356/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 090532/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 098051/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 13031/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- G0800024/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U137761446/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2011 Sep 14;477(7364):326-9. doi: 10.1038/nature10432.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21921916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Breakpoints ; Exons/genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Variation/*genetics ; Genome/*genetics ; Genomics ; Genotype ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains/*genetics/immunology ; Mutagenesis, Insertional/genetics ; *Phenotype ; Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics ; Rats ; Retroelements/genetics ; Sequence Deletion/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 10
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    Leaf shape evolution through duplication, regulatory diversification, and loss of a homeobox gene (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-02-18
    Description: In this work, we investigate morphological differences between Arabidopsis thaliana, which has simple leaves, and its relative Cardamine hirsuta, which has dissected leaves comprising distinct leaflets. With the use of genetics, interspecific gene transfers, and time-lapse imaging, we show that leaflet development requires the REDUCED COMPLEXITY (RCO) homeodomain protein. RCO functions specifically in leaves, where it sculpts developing leaflets by repressing growth at their flanks. RCO evolved in the Brassicaceae family through gene duplication and was lost in A. thaliana, contributing to leaf simplification in this species. Species-specific RCO action with respect to its paralog results from its distinct gene expression pattern in the leaf base. Thus, regulatory evolution coupled with gene duplication and loss generated leaf shape diversity by modifying local growth patterns during organogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vlad, Daniela -- Kierzkowski, Daniel -- Rast, Madlen I -- Vuolo, Francesco -- Dello Ioio, Raffaele -- Galinha, Carla -- Gan, Xiangchao -- Hajheidari, Mohsen -- Hay, Angela -- Smith, Richard S -- Huijser, Peter -- Bailey, C Donovan -- Tsiantis, Miltos -- BB/H006974/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- BB/H011455/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Feb 14;343(6172):780-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1248384.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24531971" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabidopsis/anatomy & histology/genetics ; Brassicaceae/*anatomy & histology/*genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Duplication ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; *Genes, Homeobox ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plant Leaves/*anatomy & histology/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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