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  • 1
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    CO2-driven ocean acidification alters and weakens integrity of the calcareous tubes produced by the serpulid tubeworm, Hydroides elegans (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Chan, B S Vera; Li, Chaoyi; Lane, Ackley Charles; Wang, Yanchun; Lu, Xingwen; Shih, Kaimin; Zhang, Tong; Thiyagarajan, Vengatesen (2012): CO2-Driven Ocean Acidification Alters and Weakens Integrity of the Calcareous Tubes Produced by the Serpulid Tubeworm, Hydroides elegans. PLoS ONE, 7(8), e42718, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0042718
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: As a consequence of anthropogenic CO2-driven ocean acidification (OA), coastal waters are becoming increasingly challenging for calcifiers due to reductions in saturation states of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) minerals. The response of calcification rate is one of the most frequently investigated symptoms of OA. However, OA may also result in poor quality calcareous products through impaired calcification processes despite there being no observed change in calcification rate. The mineralogy and ultrastructure of the calcareous products under OA conditions may be altered, resulting in changes to the mechanical properties of calcified structures. Here, the warm water biofouling tubeworm, Hydroides elegans, was reared from larva to early juvenile stage at the aragonite saturation state (Omega A) for the current pCO2 level (ambient) and those predicted for the years 2050, 2100 and 2300. Composition, ultrastructure and mechanical strength of the calcareous tubes produced by those early juvenile tubeworms were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nanoindentation. Juvenile tubes were composed primarily of the highly soluble CaCO3 mineral form, aragonite. Tubes produced in seawater with aragonite saturation states near or below one had significantly higher proportions of the crystalline precursor, amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) and the calcite/aragonite ratio dramatically increased. These alterations in tube mineralogy resulted in a holistic deterioration of the tube hardness and elasticity. Thus, in conditions where Omega A is near or below one, the aragonite-producing juvenile tubeworms may no longer be able to maintain the integrity of their calcification products, and may result in reduced survivorship due to the weakened tube protection.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Animalia; Annelida; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite/Aragonite ratio; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Elasticity; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Hardness; Hong_Kong_OA; Hydroides elegans; Laboratory experiment; Magnesium/Calcium ratio; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Ratio; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperature, water; Treatment; Tropical
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 741 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coupling of ATP Hydrolysis with Channel Gating by Purified, Reconstituted CFTR (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes 29 (1997), S. 465-473 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6881
    Keywords: Cystic fibrosis ; transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) ; chloride channel activity ; ATPase activity ; purified protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a chloride channel situated on the apical membrane of epithelial cells. Our recent studies of purified, reconstituted CFTR revealed that it also functions as an ATPase and that there may be coupling between ATP hydrolysis and channel gating. Both the ATP turnover rate and channel gating are slow, in the range of 0.2 to 1 s−1, and both activities are suppressed in a disease-causing mutation situated in a putative nucleotide binding motif. Our future studies using purified protein will be directed toward understanding the structural basis and mechanism for coupling between hydrolysis and channel function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022435007193
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
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    Prestack AVO inversion for brittleness index of shale based on BI_Zoeppritz equation and NSGA II (2020)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-09
    Print ISSN: 1895-6572
    Electronic ISSN: 1895-7455
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
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    A high-resolution processing technique for improving the energy of weak signal based on matching pursuit (2016)
    Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-07
    Description: This paper proposes a new method to improve the resolution of the seismic signal and to compensate the energy of weak seismic signal based on matching pursuit. With a dictionary of Morlet wavelets, matching pursuit algorithm can decompose a seismic trace into a series of wavelets. We abstract complex-trace attributes from analytical expressions to shrink the search range of amplitude, frequency and phase. In addition, considering the level of correlation between constituent wavelets and average wavelet abstracted from well-seismic calibration, we can obtain the search range of scale which is an important adaptive parameter to control the width of wavelet in time and the bandwidth of frequency. Hence, the efficiency of selection of proper wavelets is improved by making first a preliminary estimate and refining a local selecting range. After removal of noise wavelets, we integrate useful wavelets which should be firstly executed by adaptive spectral whitening technique. This approach can improve the resolutions of seismic signal and enhance the energy of weak wavelets simultaneously. The application results of real seismic data show this method has a good perspective of application.
    Print ISSN: 1593-5213
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    Water, Vol. 8, Pages 11: Land Use/Cover Change Impacts on Water Table Change over 25 Years in a Desert-Oasis Transition Zone of the Heihe River Basin, China (2015)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Water
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-30
    Description: Groundwater resources are becoming the primary factor for maintaining life in arid areas. Understanding land use/cover change and its effect on groundwater depth would enhance land use and groundwater management for typical desert-oasis transition zones. Reduction of groundwater recharge and increase of groundwater exploitation during 1985 and 2010 led to the decrease of groundwater depth in Linze County. The region with groundwater depth less than 5 m decreased by 187 km2 from 1985 to 2010 as a result of industrial growth, agricultural and economic development. Land use has undergone significant spatial and temporal changes. Farmland and built up land expanded by 53.02% and 30.91%, respectively. The expansion of farmland reached a peak between 1996 and 2005 with an increasing rate of 25.70%, while areas of grassland, woodland, water body and unused land decreased, and the decreasing rate was 9.38%, 58.35% and 19.81%. From 1985 to 2010, the groundwater depth rose slightly (0–1.2 m) in the edge of desert (24.21 km2), which was caused by the surrounding farmland irrigation recharge. The drawdown range of groundwater depth between 0 and 3 m was distributed in the central oasis, which was caused by the expansion of farmland and degradation of natural vegetation. This study aims to provide a basis for the reasonable utilization of water resources, the formation of management strategies, as well as to provide ecosystem stability and sustainable development of oases in the study area.
    Electronic ISSN: 2073-4441
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 6
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    Sensors, Vol. 19, Pages 1489: Unobtrusive Mattress-Based Identification of Hypertension by Integrating Classification and Association Rule Mining (2019)
    MDPI
    In: Sensors
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Hypertension is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases, which will cause severe complications if not treated in a timely way. Early and accurate identification of hypertension is essential to prevent the condition from deteriorating further. As a kind of complex physiological state, hypertension is hard to characterize accurately. However, most existing hypertension identification methods usually extract features only from limited aspects such as the time-frequency domain or non-linear domain. It is difficult for them to characterize hypertension patterns comprehensively, which results in limited identification performance. Furthermore, existing methods can only determine whether the subjects suffer from hypertension, but they cannot give additional useful information about the patients’ condition. For example, their classification results cannot explain why the subjects are hypertensive, which is not conducive to further analyzing the patient’s condition. To this end, this paper proposes a novel hypertension identification method by integrating classification and association rule mining. Its core idea is to exploit the association relationship among multi-dimension features to distinguish hypertensive patients from normotensive subjects. In particular, the proposed method can not only identify hypertension accurately, but also generate a set of class association rules (CARs). The CARs are proved to be able to reflect the subject’s physiological status. Experimental results based on a real dataset indicate that the proposed method outperforms two state-of-the-art methods and three common classifiers, and achieves 84.4%, 82.5% and 85.3% in terms of accuracy, precision and recall, respectively.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI
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  • 7
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    Sustainability, Vol. 11, Pages 184: Impacts of Strict Cropland Protection on Water Yield: A Case Study of Wuhan, China (2019)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Land use and land cover change is a critical factor of ecosystem services, while water yield plays a vital role in sustainable development. The impact of urban expansion on water yield has long been discussed, but water yield change resulting from cropland protection is seldom concerned. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the impacts of cropland protection on water yield by comparing the water yield in two cropland protection scenarios (i.e., Strict Cropland Protection scenario and No Cropland Protection scenario). Specifically, the LAND System Cellular Automata for Potential Effects (LANDSCAPE) model was employed to simulate land use maps in the two scenarios, while Water Yield module in the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model was used to calculate water yield. The results show water yield would increase by 8.7 × 107 m3 in the No Cropland Protection scenario and 9.4 × 107 m3 in the Strict Cropland Protection scenario. We conclude that implementation of strict cropland protection in rapid urbanizing areas may cause more water yield, which is also a prerequisite of potential urban flooding risk. This study throws that it is not wise to implement strict cropland protection policy in an area of rapid urbanization.
    Electronic ISSN: 2071-1050
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI
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  • 8
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    Global insights into acetic acid resistance mechanisms and genetic stability of 〈i〉Acetobacter pasteurianus〈/i〉 strains by comparative genomics (2015)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-23
    Description: Global insights into acetic acid resistance mechanisms and genetic stability of 〈i〉Acetobacter pasteurianus〈/i〉 strains by comparative genomics Scientific Reports, Published online: 22 December 2015; doi:10.1038/srep18330
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 9
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    On the Faceted and Inclined Twin Boundary of Titanium Carbide Derived from Nanolaminated Ti3AlC2 (2015)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-20
    Description: Due to its high twin boundary energy, the absence of Σ3{112} in covalently bonded TiC has been theoretically adjudged. Here, we report the observation of TiC twin boundaries that consist of Σ3{112} and Σ3{111} steps in a faceted and inclined manner. The twin interface in the transition region is not flat, wherein periodic contrasts resulting from overlapped twins were identified. Based on the microstructural analyses, a formation mechanism for the energy-expensive Σ3{112} and inclined twin boundaries is elaborated.
    Print ISSN: 0002-7820
    Electronic ISSN: 1551-2916
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 10
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    Y4Si2O7N2: A New Oxynitride with Low Thermal Conductivity (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-28
    Description: Search for new thermal barrier materials with high-temperature stability is very difficult because there are intractable choices among thousands of possible candidates. The present paper shows that identifying and developing new low thermal conductivity materials can be accomplished by first-principles calculations of equilibrium crystal structure and elasticity, and thereafter making theoretical prediction of minimum high-temperature lattice thermal conductivity basing on David Clarke's method for insulating materials. We highlight a new oxynitride ceramic, Y 4 Si 2 O 7 N 2 , with a low theoretical minimum thermal conductivity of 1.12 W·m −1 ·K −1 . The theoretical result is further validated by experimental measurement of thermal conductivity of dense and bulk Y 4 Si 2 O 7 N 2 . The experimental thermal conductivity is 1.50 W·m −1 ·K −1 at 1300 K. Furthermore, thermal properties of Y 4 Si 2 O 7 N 2 are investigated for evaluating its potential performances.
    Print ISSN: 0002-7820
    Electronic ISSN: 1551-2916
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Wiley
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