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  • 1
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    Radio-frequency spectroscopy of ultracold fermions (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-05-10
    Description: Radio-frequency techniques were used to study ultracold fermions. We observed the absence of mean-field "clock" shifts, the dominant source of systematic error in current atomic clocks based on bosonic atoms. This absence is a direct consequence of fermionic antisymmetry. Resonance shifts proportional to interaction strengths were observed in a three-level system. However, in the strongly interacting regime, these shifts became very small, reflecting the quantum unitarity limit and many-body effects. This insight into an interacting Fermi gas is relevant for the quest to observe superfluidity in this system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gupta, S -- Hadzibabic, Z -- Zwierlein, M W -- Stan, C A -- Dieckmann, K -- Schunck, C H -- Van Kempen, E G M -- Verhaar, B J -- Ketterle, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Jun 13;300(5626):1723-6. Epub 2003 May 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. deep@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12738872" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Observation of vortex lattices in Bose-Einstein condensates (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2001-03-27
    Description: Quantized vortices play a key role in superfluidity and superconductivity. We have observed the formation of highly ordered vortex lattices in a rotating Bose-condensed gas. These triangular lattices contained over 100 vortices with lifetimes of several seconds. Individual vortices persisted up to 40 seconds. The lattices could be generated over a wide range of rotation frequencies and trap geometries, shedding light on the formation process. Our observation of dislocations, irregular structure, and dynamics indicates that gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates may be a model system for the study of vortex matter.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abo-Shaeer, J R -- Raman, C -- Vogels, J M -- Ketterle, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Apr 20;292(5516):476-9. Epub 2001 Mar 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, Center for Ultracold Atoms at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11264525" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    A continuous source of Bose-Einstein condensed atoms (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2002-06-22
    Description: A continuous source of Bose-Einstein condensed sodium atoms was created by periodically replenishing a condensate held in an optical dipole trap with new condensates delivered using optical tweezers. The source contained more than 1 x 10(6) atoms at all times, raising the possibility of realizing a continuous atom laser.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chikkatur, A P -- Shin, Y -- Leanhardt, A E -- Kielpinski, D -- Tsikata, E -- Gustavson, T L -- Pritchard, D E -- Ketterle, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jun 21;296(5576):2193-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ananth@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12077408" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Superradiant rayleigh scattering from a bose-einstein condensate (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1999-07-27
    Description: Rayleigh scattering off a Bose-Einstein condensate was studied. Exposing an elongated condensate to a single off-resonant laser beam resulted in the observation of highly directional scattering of light and atoms. This collective light scattering is caused by the coherent center-of-mass motion of the atoms in the condensate. A directional beam of recoiling atoms was built up by matter wave amplification.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Inouye -- Chikkatur -- Stamper-Kurn -- Stenger -- Pritchard -- Ketterle -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 23;285(5427):571-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10417384" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Bosonic stimulation in the formation of a bose-einstein condensate (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1998-02-27
    Description: The formation of a Bose-Einstein condensate of a dilute atomic gas has been studied in situ with a nondestructive, time-resolved imaging technique. Sodium atoms were evaporatively cooled close to the onset of Bose-Einstein condensation and then suddenly quenched to below the transition temperature. The subsequent equilibration and condensate formation showed a slow onset distinctly different from simple relaxation. This behavior provided evidence for the process of bosonic stimulation, or coherent matter-wave amplification, crucial to the concept of an atom laser.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miesner -- Stamper-Kurn -- Andrews -- Durfee -- Inouye -- Ketterle -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Feb 13;279(5353):1005-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9461427" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Time-Resolved Observation of Competing Attractive and Repulsive Short-Range Correlations in Strongly Interacting Fermi Gases (2018)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-20
    Description: Author(s): A. Amico, F. Scazza, G. Valtolina, P. E. S. Tavares, W. Ketterle, M. Inguscio, G. Roati, and M. Zaccanti Experimentalists working with cold atoms are closing in on the famous Stoner model of ferromagnetism. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 253602] Published Wed Dec 19, 2018
    Keywords: Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 7
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    Phase diagram of a two-component Fermi gas with resonant interactions (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-02-08
    Description: The pairing of fermions lies at the heart of superconductivity and superfluidity. The stability of these pairs determines the robustness of the superfluid state, and the quest for superconductors with high critical temperature equates to a search for systems with strong pairing mechanisms. Ultracold atomic Fermi gases present a highly controllable model system for studying strongly interacting fermions. Tunable interactions (through Feshbach collisional resonances) and the control of population or mass imbalance among the spin components provide unique opportunities to investigate the stability of pairing-and possibly to search for exotic forms of superfluidity. A major controversy has surrounded the stability of superfluidity against an imbalance between the two spin components when the fermions interact resonantly (that is, at unitarity). Here we present the phase diagram of a spin-polarized Fermi gas of (6)Li atoms at unitarity, experimentally mapping out the superfluid phases versus temperature and density imbalance. Using tomographic techniques, we reveal spatial discontinuities in the spin polarization; this is the signature of a first-order superfluid-to-normal phase transition, and disappears at a tricritical point where the nature of the phase transition changes from first-order to second-order. At zero temperature, there is a quantum phase transition from a fully paired superfluid to a partially polarized normal gas. These observations and the implementation of an in situ ideal gas thermometer provide quantitative tests of theoretical calculations on the stability of resonant superfluidity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shin, Yong-Il -- Schunck, Christian H -- Schirotzek, Andre -- Ketterle, Wolfgang -- England -- Nature. 2008 Feb 7;451(7179):689-93. doi: 10.1038/nature06473.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA. yishin@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18256666" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 8
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    Determination of the fermion pair size in a resonantly interacting superfluid (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-08-08
    Description: Fermionic superfluidity requires the formation of particle pairs, the size of which varies from the femtometre scale in neutron stars and nuclei to the micrometre scale in conventional superconductors. Many properties of the superfluid depend on the pair size relative to the interparticle spacing. This is expressed in 'BCS-BEC crossover' theories, describing the crossover from a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS)-type superfluid of loosely bound, large Cooper pairs to Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of tightly bound molecules. Such a crossover superfluid has been realized in ultracold atomic gases where high-temperature superfluidity has been observed. The microscopic properties of the fermion pairs can be probed using radio-frequency spectroscopy. However, previous work was difficult to interpret owing to strong final-state interactions that were not well understood. Here we realize a superfluid spin mixture in which such interactions have negligible influence and present fermion pair dissociation spectra that reveal the underlying pairing correlations. This allows us to determine that the spectroscopic pair size in the resonantly interacting gas is 20 per cent smaller than the interparticle spacing. These are the smallest pairs so far observed in fermionic superfluids, highlighting the importance of small fermion pairs for superfluidity at high critical temperatures. We have also identified transitions from fermion pairs to bound molecular states and to many-body bound states in the case of strong final-state interactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schunck, Christian H -- Shin, Yong-Il -- Schirotzek, Andre -- Ketterle, Wolfgang -- England -- Nature. 2008 Aug 7;454(7205):739-43. doi: 10.1038/nature07176.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. chs@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18685702" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 9
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    Imaging the Mott insulator shells by using atomic clock shifts (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2006-08-05
    Description: Microwave spectroscopy was used to probe the superfluid-Mott insulator transition of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a three-dimensional optical lattice. By using density-dependent transition frequency shifts, we were able to spectroscopically distinguish sites with different occupation numbers and to directly image sites with occupation numbers from one to five, revealing the shell structure of the Mott insulator phase. We used this spectroscopy to determine the onsite interaction and lifetime for individual shells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Campbell, Gretchen K -- Mun, Jongchul -- Boyd, Micah -- Medley, Patrick -- Leanhardt, Aaron E -- Marcassa, Luis G -- Pritchard, David E -- Ketterle, Wolfgang -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Aug 4;313(5787):649-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. gcampbel@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16888134" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 10
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    Comment on "Pairing and phase separation in a polarized Fermi gas" (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2006-10-07
    Description: Partridge et al. (Reports, 27 January 2006, p. 503) reported pairing and phase separation in a polarized Fermi gas. We argue that it is not possible to distinguish the superfluid from the normal regimes in the presented data, or to discern which clouds were phase-separated. Some of the reported conclusions are inconsistent with recent experiments.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zwierlein, Martin W -- Ketterle, Wolfgang -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Oct 6;314(5796):54; author reply 54.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17023636" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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