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  • 1
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The use of α,α,α′,α′ -tetraaryl-1,3-dioxolane-4,5-dimethanols ( = TADDOLs;1) as chiral NMR shift reagents (1H, 13C, 19F) is described. In many cases, the ratio of enantiomeric alcohols and amines can be determined under standard conditions of measurement (CDCl3 as solvent, room temperature). The preparation and use of a new type of TADDOL, the tetrakis(dimethylamino) derivative 1d, is described. Menthol, octan-2-ol, and oct-1-yn-3-ol are partially resolved by crystallization of clathrates with 1c and 1d.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Gloeosporone, analog of ; Colletotrichum gloeosporioides ; Oxidation, alkyne → 1,2-diketone ; Antifungal agent ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: (+)-5′-Oxa-gloeosporone (2), an analog of the natural germination self-inhibitor (-)-gloeosporone (1), is synthesized, largely following our previously published route to the parent compound. Thus, the hydroxybutyl side chain of 2 was introduced by hydroboration of a butenyl group (→ 14) which had been carried along throughout the synthesis up to the stage of the 14-membered yne-lactone 13. Silyl protection (→ 15), oxidation of the acetylene to a 1,2-diketone moiety (→ 16), and deprotection with spontaneous intramolecular hemiacetal formation completed the synthesis of (+)-2. The (+)-oxa-gloeosporone 2 exhibits an in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity spectrum with 14 microorganisms very similar to both the natural (1) and the unnatural enantiomer (ent-1) of gloeosporone, indicating that neither the sense of chirality nor the side-chain structure is important for the mode of action.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 108 (1996), S. 2436-2488 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Automatisierung ; Festphasensynthesen ; Kombinatorische Chemie ; Molekulare Diversität ; Verbindungsbibliotheken ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Innerhalb weniger Jahre hat sich die kombinatorische Synthese von einer Laborkuriosität zu einer ernstzunehmenden Methode in der Wirkstofforschung entwickelt. Die rasanten Fortschritte der Molekularbiologie und die daraus resultierende Möglichkeit, die Wirksamkeit neuer Substanzen extrem effizient bestimmen zu können, haben zu einem Paradigmenwechsel bei der Synthese von Testsubstanzen geführt: Neben der konventionellen Vorgehensweise, eine Substanz nach der anderen zu synthetisieren, gewinnen zunehmend Methoden an Bedeutung, mit denen es gelingt, viele Substanzen mit definierter Struktur gleichzeitig herzustellen. Eine kombinatorische Synthese ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in einer Synthesestufe nicht nur mit einem Synthesebaustein, sondern mit vielen - parallel oder in Mischung - umgesetzt wird. In jeder Stufe werden alle möglichen Kombinationen gebildet, so daß aus nur wenigen Bausteinen eine große Zahl an Produkten, eine „Verbindungsbibliothek“, entsteht. Aufbauend auf den Arbeiten zur Synthese von Peptidbibliotheken wurden verschiedene Methoden zur kombinatorischen Synthese niedermolekularer organischer Verbindungen entwickelt: Durch hochautomatisierte Parallelsynthese werden Einzelsubstanzen hergestellt, und spezielle Techniken ermöglichen die gezielte Synthese definiert zusammengesetzter Mischungen. Verbindungen mit unterschiedlichsten Strukturen sind mittlerweile durch kombinatorische Synthesen zugänglich, wobei die Größe der erhaltenen Bibliotheken von wenigen Einzelverbindungen bis hin zu vielen tausend Substanzen in Mischungen reicht. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht über die bislang beschriebenen kombinatorischen Synthesen niedermolekularer organischer Verbindungen, unabhängig davon, ob diese in Lösung oder an fester Phase durchgeführt wurden. Weiterhin werden die Techniken zur Identifizierung aktiver Verbindungen in Mischungen sowie Möglichkeiten der Automatisierung der Synthese und der Verwaltung der anfallenden großen Datenmengen vorgestellt. Ferner wird ein Überblick über auf diesem Gebiet aktive Venture-Firmen gegeben. Der abschließende Ausblick versucht, die zukünftige Entwicklung in diesem exponentiell wachsenden Arbeitsgebiet sowie die Auswirkungen dieses „neuen Denkens“ auf andere Bereiche der Chemie aufzuzeigen.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 35 (1996), S. 2288-2337 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: automation ; combinatorial chemistry ; compound libraries ; solid-phase synthesis ; molecular diversity ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Molecular diversity ; Solid-phase synthesis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Combinatorial synthesis has developed within a few years from a laboratory curiosity to a method that is taken seriously in drug research. Rapid progress in molecular biology and the resulting ability to determine the activity of new substances extremely efficiently have led to a change in paradigm for the synthesis of test compounds: in addition to the conventional procedure of synthesizing one substance after another, new methods allowing simultaneous creation of many structurally defined substances are becoming increasingly important. A characteristic of combinatorial synthesis is that a reaction is performed with many synthetic building blocks at once - in parallel or in a mixture -  rather than with just one building block. All possible combinations are formed in each step, so that a large number of products, a so-called library, is obtained from only a few reactants. Several methods have been developed for combinatorial synthesis of small organic molecules, based on research into peptide library synthesis: single substances are produced by highly automated parallel syntheses, and special techniques enable targeted synthesis of mixtures with defined components. Many structures can be obtained by combinatorial synthesis, and the size of the libraries created ranges from a few individual compounds to many thousand substances in mixtures. This article gives an overview of the combinatorial syntheses of small organic molecules reported to date, performed both in solution and on a solid support. In addition, different techniques for identification of active compounds in mixtures are presented, together with ways to automate syntheses and process the large amounts of data produced. An overview of pionering companies active in this area is also given. The final outlook attempts to predict the future development of this exponentially growing area and the influence of this new thinking in other areas of chemistry.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
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