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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollen Germination in some Gramineae: Pennisetum typhoideum (1960)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 187 (1960), S. 1134-1135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The pollen grains of P. typhoideum T.25 germinate within 10 min. of their inoculation in 10-40 per cent sucrose solutions and the optimum germination (62 per cent) occurs in 30 per cent sucrose where the tubes attain a length of 2,132(JL (Fig. 1). With the addition of 0-01 per cent boric acid best ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1871134b0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative analysis of ultrastructural changes during zygotic and somatic embryogenesis in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.) (1996)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 9 (1996), S. 286-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Somatic embryogenesis ; Ultrastructure ; Pennisetum ; Poaceae ; Morphometrics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Ultrastructural changes during zygotic and somatic embryogenesis in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.) were quantified using morphometric techniques. The total area per cell profile and the cell volume percentage of the whole cell, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi bodies, mitochondria, nuclei, lipids, plastids, starch grains and vacuoles were measured and comparisons made between three zygotic and three somatic embryo developmental stages. All measurements were taken from scutellar or scutellar-derived cells. Zygotic embryogenesis was characterized by increases in cell size, lipids, plastids, starch, Golgi bodies, mitochondria and ER. Somatic embryogenesis was characterized by two phases of cell development: (1) the dedifferentiation of scutellar cells involving a reduction in cell and vacuole size and an increase in cell activity during somatic proembryoid formation and (2) the development of somatic embryos in which most cell organelle quantities returned to values found in late coleoptile or mature predesiccation zygotic stages. In summary, although their developmental pathways differed, the scutella of somatic embryos displayed cellular variations which were within the ranges observed for later stages of zygotic embryogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004970050045
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced GUS gene expression in cereal/grass cell suspensions and immature embryos using the maize uhiquitin-based plasmid pAHC25 (1993)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 12 (1993), S. 491-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Transient GUS (β-glucuronidase) expression was visualized in cell suspensions of Triticum aestivum, Zea mays, Pennisetum glaucum, Saccharum officinarum, Pennisetum purpureum and Panicum maximum after microprojectile bombardment with pBARGUS and pAHC25 plasmid DNAs. pBARGUS contains the GUS (UidA) gene coding region driven by the Adh1 promoter and the Adh1 intron 1, as well as the BAR gene coding region driven by the CaMV 35S promoter and the Adh1 intron 1. pAHC25 contains the GUS and BAR gene coding regions driven by the maize ubiquitin promoter, first exon and first intron (Ubi1). The effectiveness of the constructs was first compared in cell suspension cultures by counting blue expression units (b.e.u.). The expression of construct pAHC25 ranged from 3 to 50 fold greater than pBARGUS in different species. In addition, the two plasmids were quantitatively compared in Triticum aestivum and Zea mays by using the more sensitive GUS fluorometric assay to determine the amount of methylumbellyferride (MU) produced. There was more than a 30 fold increase in MU production with pAHC25 than with pBARGUS in the wheat suspension, while the maize suspension showed only a 2.5 fold increase with the pAHC25 construct. Transient GUS expression was also visualized in immature embryos of Pennisetum glaucum following bombardment with pBARGUS and pAHC25 DNA. Expression of plasmid pAHC25 was twice as high as pBARGUS. A comparison of two DNA/gold preparation methods, as well as repeated sonications of the DNA/gold mixture, had no effect on the number of b.e.u.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236093
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and chlorophyll production in plant callus tissues grown in vitro (1966)
    Springer
    Planta 68 (1966), S. 69-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Growth, nutrition and chlorophyll development were studied in chlorophyllous callus tissues isolated from the following edible angiospermous plants: carrot root, crown gall of tomato, endive embryo, leaf petiole and stem of lettuce, leaf petiole of parsley, pea stem and rose stem. Growth patterns of these tissues in vitro were sigmoid. Synthetic media produced less growth, in terms of fresh weight increase, than media containing coconut milk, a highly complex and little understood natural substance. Murashige and Skoog's synthetic medium proved useful for satisfactory growth and chlorophyll production in a number of tissues. Its usefulness was further increased by additional amounts of copper sulphate, potassium nitrate and monobasic ammonium phosphate. Increased levels of iron and magnesium inhibited growth. Incorporation of yeast extract in the tobacco-high-salts-medium produced the highest amount of growth and chlorophyll formation in endive tissue. Presence of exogenous sucrose was essential for the continued good growth of the above callus tissues in vitro. Highest amount of growth took place either in white light or in the dark. Different tissues had different responses to high or low intensities of light. Endive and carrot tissues produced in vitro were palatable to human taste. Endive tissue was particularly good as it also differentiated many small rosettes of leaves, shoots and had a mild aromatic flavor typical of the endive plants grown in nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385372
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical and molecular analysis of plants derived from embryogenic tissue cultures of napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum K. Schum) (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 83 (1992), S. 947-955 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Gramineae ; napier grass ; Somatic embryo genesis ; Variation ; Pennisetum purpureum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have investigated the extent of biochemical and molecular variation in 63 plants of napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum K. Schum.) regenerated from 3- to 24-week-old embryogenic callus cultures. The calli were derived from cultured basal segments of young leaves and immature inflorescences obtained from a single fieldgrown donor plant. The entire population was analyzed for the activity of 14 isozyme systems, but no qualitative variation was found at any of the loci examined. Similarly, no restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were detected in the mitochondrial, plastid and nuclear genomes in a representative sample of regenerated plants. Our results confirm earlier reports of the genetic uniformity of plants derived from somatic embryos and highlight their value both for clonal propagation and for genetic transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232955
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular characterization of the fate of transgenes in transformed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 1031-1037 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum L. ; Transformation ; Transgene inheritance ; Wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Molecular analysis of the transgenes bar and gus was carried out over successive generations in six independent transgenic lines of wheat, until the plants attained homozygosity. Data on expression and integration of the transgenes is presented. Five of the lines were found to be stably transformed, duly transferring the transgenes to the next generation. The copy number of the transgenes varied from one to five in the different lines. One line was unstable, first losing expression of and then eliminating both the transgenes in R3 plants. Although the gus gene was detected in all the lines, GUS expression had been lost in R2 plants of all but one line. Rearrangement of transgene sequences was observed, but it had no effect on gene expression. All the stable lines were found to segregate for transgene activity in a Mendelian fashion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224045
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buchbesprechungen (1976)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 63 (1976), S. 96-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00622419
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of amino acid analogue-resistant cell lines for selection of Nicotiana sylvestris somatic cell hybrids (1979)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 55 (1979), S. 107-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Nicotiana sylvestris ; Somatic cell hybridization ; Amino acid analogue ; Resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Nicotiana sylvestris cell lines resistant to the amino acid analogues S-2-aminoethyl-cysteine (AECR), or 5-methyl-tryptophan (5MTR), were isolated in suspension culture. Assuming these resistances to be dominant, we have attempted to determine if such variant cell lines can be used to select double resistant somatic cell hybrids. A total of 1.8 × 104 control calli from mixed AECR and 5MTR protoplasts, and AECR and 5MTR homokaryotic fusions were placed on double analogue selection, but none survived. Eight somatic hybrid calli (0.8%), able to grow without inhibition on the double analogue selection medium, were obtained after AECR + 5MTR protoplast fusion. These were further determined as hybrids on the basis of resistance level, chromosome number, and chlorophyll content, all characteristics differing in the parental cell lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00295435
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from leaf tissues of Panicum maximum Jacq. (1981)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 59 (1981), S. 275-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Cereals/grasses ; Guinea grass ; Panicum maximum Jacq. ; Plant regeneration ; Somatic embryogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Somatic embryogenesis was induced in proliferating leaf segments of Panicum maximum Jacq., cultured on Murashige and Skoog's nutrient medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and coconut milk. The embryoids gave rise to plants on a medium containing gibberellic acid. The plants were successfully transplanted to soil and grown to maturity. Histological examination of proliferating leaves showed that the embryogenic callus tissue was formed by divisions in cells of the lower epidermis as well as the mesophyll tissue. The regenerated plants showed the normal chromosome number of 2n=4x=32.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264979
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved efficiency of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in tissue cultures of maize (Zea mays L.) (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 66 (1983), S. 285-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Zea mays L. ; Cereals ; Maize ; Somatic embryogenesis ; Tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Immature embryos of eleven cultivars of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.), cultured on 2,4-D-containing nutrient media, showed rapid proliferation of the scutellum and improved efficiency in the formation of embryogenic callus and somatic embryos. High concentrations of sucrose were found to be most favorable for the formation of the embryogenic callus. Embryoids obtained in cultures of all eleven cultivars germinated in vitro and produced normal green plants which were grown to maturity in soil. The effect of genotype and other factors on somatic embryogenesis in maize are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251161
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