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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responsible estuarine finfish stock enhancement: an Australian perspective (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 67 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The responsible approach to marine stock enhancement is a set of principles aimed at maximising the success and benefits of artificially re-stocking depleted fisheries. The benefits of such an approach are evident in the 400% increase in survival of stocked striped mullet in Hawaii through refinement of release techniques, however financially or temporally constrained stocking programs in Australia have not adhered to all principles. A pragmatic approach to address these principles is proposed, using international examples and Australian marine finfish pilot stockings of barramundi, mulloway, sand whiting, dusky flathead and black bream. Biological ranking of candidate species by estuarine residency, a low natural-mortality to growth ratio, a large L∞ and comparison by recreational value and available rearing technologies, show that mulloway, barramundi and sea mullet are ideal species for stocking in Australia. Australian intermittently closed opening landlocked lagoons and recreational fishing havens, especially near cities, provide experimental opportunities to apply this approach and stock suitable species through small-scale pilot experiments. This would allow evaluation of production and carrying capacity, and density dependent processes with respect to optimal stocking strategies unconfounded by emigration and commercial fishing practices. Twenty per cent of Australians fish each year, and harvest approximately 27 000 t of finfish. Stocking recreationally important species in Australia should give a greater financial benefit, which is spread across a larger cross-section of the community, compared to stocking to enhance commercial fisheries. The pragmatic application of the responsible approach, and stocking of fast growing estuarine residents into recreational fishing havens would enhance the benefit from marine stocking.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00809.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Batch marking of otoliths and fin spines to assess the stock enhancement of Argyrosomus japonicus (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 66 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Juvenile mulloway Argyrosomus japonicus(54·6 ± 4·6 mm total length, mean ± s.e.) were immersed in a range of oxytetracycline (OTC) solutions ranging between 0–600 mg l−1 in salinities of 5 (diluted sea water) and 35 (undiluted sea water), and alizarin complexone (ALC) solutions ranging between 0–60 mg l−1 in undiluted sea water, for 6, 12 and 24 h. Optimal marking conditions were 600 mg l−1 OTC for 24 h in a salinity of 5, and 30 mg l−1 ALC for 12 h respectively. Mark quality (MQ) was assessed using a score of 0–3 in both otoliths and anal fin spines, with a score 〉2 found to be acceptable for adequate mark identification. Acceptable marks were not produced using OTC in undiluted sea water. Immersion in OTC or ALC, or reduced salinity had no effect on survival relative to controls. Transverse sections of vertebrae from the ALC and OTC treatments with the highest otolith mark quality showed no discrete marks. Optimal marking techniques were used to produce double marks with a 3 day interval between marking, and marking techniques were applied to 130 000 juvenile mulloway in batch mode with minimal mortality. A numerical model of the chemical behaviour of OTC in sea water describes the decline of available OTC in increasing salinity, so that a species’ salinity tolerance and successful marking can be optimized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00678.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Home range, activity and distribution patterns of a temperate rocky-reef fish, Cheilodactylus fuscus (1998)
    Springer
    Marine biology 132 (1998), S. 569-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Red morwong (Cheilodactylus fuscus; Cheilodactylidae: Perciformes), are large temperate rocky reef fish that are patchily distributed in local aggregations of 3 to 〉100 fish. The home ranges and aggregating behaviour of red morwong were investigated using external tags (n = 114, over 35 mo) and ultrasonic transmitters (n = 9 over 20 d) at coastal and estuarine sites in south-east Australia. Adult red morwong had a mean home range during the day of 1865 m2 (SE = 268). Night movement, determined by ultrasonic telemetry, indicated a significantly greater mean home range of 3639 m2 (SE = 416). Home range did not differ significantly with size or sex. Fish movements were greatest and aggregation sizes varied most during the non-reproductive mid-summer period. Tagged fish (N = 20) displaced 200 to 900 m returned in 1 to 3 d to the point of capture, often traversing open sand habitat and other aggregations. During the day, fish were commonly found on bouldered habitat. During the night, these site-specific aggregations fragmented as fish dispersed over a variety of substrata, with crepuscular peaks in activity. Therefore, estimates of habitat-specificity and feeding patterns collected only by day may give misleading results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050422
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative persistence of marine fish larvae from pelagic versus demersal eggs off southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada (1991)
    Springer
    Marine biology 108 (1991), S. 175-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two groupings of larval fish were repeatedly identified by principal component analyses of larval densities from four broad-scale surveys during the spring and summer of 1985–1987 off southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada. Larvae originating from pelagic eggs (four species within Gadidae and Pleuronectidae) constituted one group, which were uniformly distributed over the sampling area with densities not correlated with bathymetry, although nearly all spawning occurs on the shallow western cap of Browns Bank, 100 km offshore. Larvae from demersal eggs (five species within Pholidae, Stichaeidae, Cottidae, Agonidae) constituted the second group, which dominated the shallow-water environments both inshore and on Browns Bank. Lower patchiness indices were evident amongst larvae from pelagic eggs in small and large sampling-gear collections (average 3.4 and 3.1, respectively) compared to fish hatching from demersal eggs (average 5.1 and 4.6). Fine-scale nearshore surveys over a 5 wk period in 1987 also showed that larvae of demersal eggs had a less variable distribution along an inshoreoffshore transect. Larvae from demersal eggs appear spatially persistent through the release of well-developed larvae from non-drifting eggs. These conclusions are consistent with other studies over a range of spatial scales in temperate and tropical environments, demonstrating that single-species models of larval dispersal are inadequate to account for the distributional patterns of larval fish in general.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01344331
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feeding in a larval fish assemblage: the nutritional significance of an estuarine plume front (1996)
    Springer
    Marine biology 125 (1996), S. 233-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gut fullness of larval fishes was used to determine the nutritional significance of an estuarine plume front off Botany Bay, SE Australia, on three days in March/April 1990. Fishes were captured in three different water masses (estuarine plume, front and shelf water), each separated by ≃ 200 m, using a 260 μm mesh purse-seine net. Overall, the gut-fullness index (GFI) of 260 fish larvae combined from eight families (Gerreidae, Mugilidae, Mullidae, Sparidae, Blenniidae, Kyphosidae, Monodactylidae, Pomacentridae), was significantly greater in the plume and front water on two of the sampling occasions, but no difference was detected on the third occasion. Trends in GFI among families were inconsistent with respect to the front. The mugilid (Liza argentea) fed equally and abundantly in all water masses (gut fullness〉90%), while the kyphosid (Kyphosus spp.) had a significantly greater GFI in the plume compared to the shelf water. In general, the response of GFI to the front varied between dates and amongst taxa. Diet analysis showed that mugilids selected for copepod nauplii within the plume and shelf water [alpha selectivity index (ASI) of (0.22 to 0.98)] and for harpacticoid copepods within the front (ASI=0.92), representing characteristic diets identified by canonical discriminant analysis. Kyphosids selected positively for copepod nauplii in all three water masses on both occasions (ASI〉0.96). In general, diets of larval fish were taxon-specific, and responded variably to the three habitats. Comparison of diets across water masses was complicated by the large number of families, which rarely occurred in all water masses. The nutritional significance of an estuarine plume front varies between species of larval fish, and there are no obvious trends that can be applied to the larval fish community in general.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00346303
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  • 6
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    Population drivers of a Thalia democratica swarm: insights from population modelling (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-22
    Description: The small salp, Thalia democratica , is known globally to form dense swarms, yet the physiological and oceanographic factors that influence the magnitude and occurrence of these swarms are poorly understood. In this study, two numerical models were used to explore T. democratica population dynamics. A Lefkovitch matrix model identified that the survival of juvenile oozoids was the most important population metric promoting population growth and a size-structured population model was developed to further explore the dynamics of T. democratica . The size-structured model tracks cohorts of four life stages and incorporates size-dependent reproduction and mortality. Model outputs of average generation time and mean abundances of each life stage corresponded well to previously reported values. Factors that promote juvenile oozoid abundance were the most sensitive parameters influencing salp abundance. A 10-year time-series simulation using this population model identified that salp abundances in the Tasman Sea are proportionally higher in winter and spring, consistent with previous studies. This model shows that temperature and phytoplankton concentration are sufficient drivers of large-scale patterns of salp abundance across season and latitude. These results demonstrate the importance of future research focusing on identifying the environmental conditions that influence the size at which females reproduce.
    Print ISSN: 0142-7873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3774
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    Cyclonic entrainment? The ichthyoplankton attributes of three major water mass types generated by the separation of the East Australian Current (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-30
    Description: The relationship between larval fish assemblages and coastal oceanography is the basis for much of our understanding of connectivity and productivity of fish populations. Larval fish assemblages were sampled from the upper mixed layer (〈50 m depth) at three prominent circulation features [separation of the East Australian Current (EAC), anticyclonic eddy, and cyclonic eddy] off the southeast Australian coast across three bathymetric zones (shelf, slope and ocean) for each feature. The separation of the EAC from the coast at ~32°S was characterized by warmer, less saline water compared with the cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies further to the south (~34 and ~35°S, respectively), which were both characterized by cooler Tasman Sea water and greater fluorescence. The anticyclonic eddy had separated from the EAC three months prior to sampling, which facilitated the movement of a cyclonic eddy from the Tasman Sea westwards to the shelf at ~34°S. The larval assemblage in the EAC had high numbers of fish of the families Labridae and Stomiidae. The cyclonic eddy was characterized by larval clupeids, carangids, scombrids and bothids, indicating recent entrainment of shelf waters and proximity to major spawning regions. In contrast, the anticyclonic eddy had fewer larval fish, with little evidence for entrainment of shelf assemblages into the near-surface waters. Myctophids were found in high abundance across all oceanographic features and bathymetric zones. The evidence of selective entrainment of coastal larval fish into the near-surface waters of a cyclonic eddy compared with a similar anticyclonic eddy indicates a potential offshore nursery ground.
    Print ISSN: 1054-3139
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9289
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    The effect of targeted stocking on behaviour and space utilization of a released finfish (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-06-18
    Description: Targeted stocking involves the release of fish directly into high-quality habitat, however this is often time-consuming, expensive and difficult. Acoustically tagged hatchery-reared juvenile mulloway Argyrosomus japonicus were released in groups directly into deep-hole habitat preferred by wild conspecifics (targeted stocking), or in a non-targeted fashion near easily accessible sites that lacked high-quality habitats in the direct vicinity. Fish were tracked continuously, 24 h d –1 , for 5 d following release. Fish released in a targeted fashion showed lower mean activity rates (50% less movement) and occupied higher quality habitats than fish released in a non-targeted fashion. Fish released in a non-targeted fashion also used a greater number of smaller habitat patches. The implications for improvements in behaviour and habitat usage patterns for fish released in a targeted fashion, such as improved growth and survival, are discussed. Identifying and releasing fish directly into the species' high-quality habitat may ultimately improve the success of stocking programs.
    Print ISSN: 1054-3139
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9289
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Feeding in a larval fish assemblage: the nutritional significance of an estuarine plume front (1996)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0025-3162
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1793
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Home range, activity and distribution patterns of a temperate rocky-reef fish, Cheilodactylus fuscus (1998)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-12-09
    Print ISSN: 0025-3162
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1793
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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