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  • 1
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    On the history of series expansions of frequency functions and sampling distributions, 1873-1944 : dedicated to the memory of my teacher Professor J. F. Steffensen (1873-1961) (2002)
    Copenhagen : Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: S 99.0487(49)
    In: Matematisk-fysiske meddelelser
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 88 S.
    ISBN: 8778763010
    Series Statement: Matematisk-fysiske meddelelser 49
    Classification:
    Mathematics
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of growth hormone transgenesis on metabolic rate, exercise performance and hypoxia tolerance in tilapia hybrids (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 63 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Swimming respirometry was employed to compare inactive metabolic rate (Rr), maximum metabolic rate (Rmax), resultant aerobic scope and maximum sustainable (critical) swimming speed (Ucrit), in growth hormone transgenic (GHT) and wild-type (W) tilapia Oreochromis sp. hybrids. Although the Rr of GHT tilapia was significantly (58%) higher than their W conspecifics, there were no significant differences in their net aerobic scope because GHT tilapia exhibited a compensatory increase in Rmax that was equal to their net increase in Rr. As a consequence, the two groups had the same Ucrit. The GHT and W tilapia also exhibited the same capacity to regulate oxygen uptake during progressive hypoxia, despite the fact that the GHT fish were defending a higher demand for O2. The results indicate that ectopic expression of GH raises metabolic rate in tilapia, but the fish compensate for this metabolic load and preserve such physiological determinants of fitness as aerobic scope, swimming performance and tolerance of hypoxia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00162.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intra-school positional preference and reduced tail beat frequency in trailing positions in schooling roach under experimental conditions (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 62 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Using three different swimming velocities and a school size of eight roach Rutilus rutilus, individual intra-school position and tail beat frequency were examined in a flume tank. Tail beat frequency was determined in defined leading and trailing positions. Individual roach showed consistent intra-school positional preferences which implied a sustained positional pattern where certain individuals took up front positions whereas other individuals swam in the rear part of the school. The positional preferences could not be attributed to inter-individual differences of the eight roach in terms of total length, mass or condition factor. At the tested swimming velocities of 2, 3 and 4 LT s−1, roach in trailing positions swam with tail beat frequencies reduced by 7·3, 11·9 and 11·6%, respectively, compared to roach in leading positions. These results suggested that roach situated in trailing positions experienced energetic savings due to hydrodynamic interactions at a wide range of swimming velocities. This may be important during migrations or when a school of roach is holding its position against the current in a lotic habitat. The observed sustained positional pattern combined with a hydrodynamic advantage in trailing positions would indicate that these energetic savings might not be evenly shared among schoolmates of roach. A positive correlation between swimming velocity and stride length was found. The present study, however, does not support any conclusions concerning these findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00068.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of progressive hypoxia on swimming activity and schooling in Atlantic herring (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 57 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Schools of herring exposed to progressive hypoxia show a peak in velocity during severe hypoxia, at 15–34% oxygen saturation, followed by a decrease in swimming speed until school disruption occurred. The observed increase in swimming speed during severe hypoxia reveals a graded response, since the lower the fish's swimming speed prior to severe hypoxia (U95−50, the speed at oxygen saturations between 95 and 50%), the greater the relative increase in swimming speed. The oxygen saturations at which both peak velocity and school disruption occurred were lower for fish with lowest U95−50, suggesting that the fish with the slowest speed U95−50 reach their critical PO2 (at which there is respiratory distress) last, i.e. at lower oxygen saturation. At a functional level, it is suggested that herring encountering hypoxia increase their speed in order to find more favourable conditions, and the magnitude of this increase is modulated by their respiratory distress. It is also hypothesised that the observed increase in speed may be related to an increase in the rate of position shifting within the school. Since the oxygen saturation at which the response to hypoxia occurs and the magnitude of the response are related to the fish's preferred speed prior to severe hypoxia, it is suggested that such a preferred speed should be measured in experiments testing the effect of hypoxia on fish behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb02229.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lethal oxygen levels at different temperatures and the preferred temperature during hypoxia of the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L. (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 41 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The behavioural thermoregulation of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L. was investigated in a shuttlebox at normoxia and at three levels of hypoxia: 30, 20 and 15% oxygen saturation.The preferred temperatures at normoxia, 30, 20 and 15% oxygen saturation were 13·9, 13·1. 10·0 and 8·8° C, respectively.A decrease in metabolism and an increased blood oxygen affinity are among the physiological advantages of selecting a lower temperature during hypoxia. Furthermore the chances of surviving low oxygen saturations are better at low temperatures.In natural environments, this behaviour may result in habitat shifts of fish living in heterothermal environments with changing oxygen saturations, especially in coastal areas with eutrophication, as for example the Baltic Sea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1992.tb02720.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature, hypoxia and activity on the metabolism of juvenile Atlantic cod (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 50 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Standard metabolic rate (SMR), active metabolic rate (AMR) and critical oxygen saturation (Scrit) were measured in Atlantic cod Gadus morhua at 5, 10 and 15° C. The SMR was 35.5, 57.0 and 78.2 mg O2 kg−1 h−1 and Scrit was 16.5, 23.2 and 30.3%, at 5, 10 and 15° C, respectively. Previously reported SMR for Atlantic cod from arctic waters at 4° C was twice that measured at 5° C in the present study. A possible intraspecific latitudinal difference in the SMR is discussed. The AMR was 146.6, 197.9 and 200.4 mg O2 kg−1 h−1 and the critical swimming speed (Ucrit) was 1 6, 1.7 and 1.9 at 5, 10 and 15° C, respectively. The maximum oxygen consumption was found to be associated with exercise, rather than recovery from exercise as previously reported in another Study of Cod metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb01645.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of acute hypoxia and hypercapnia on oxygen consumption of the freshwater European eel (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 50 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: When exposed to hypoxia, eels Anguilla anguilla were able to regulate and maintain Vo2 down to a water oxygen tension (Pwo2) of about 25 mmHg, a value far below those reported in other studies. When exposed to hypercapnia, eels showed a depression in Vo2 as water carbon dioxide tension (Pwco2) increased. Faced with combined hypoxia-hypercapnia, eels showed an increase in their sensitivity to hypoxia, and the critical oxygen tension increased to 40–45 mmHg. The possible mechanisms underlying these responses were discussed, and the implications of such findings for extensive culture of eels were highlighted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb01970.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy savings in sea bass swimming in a school: measurements of tail beat frequency and oxygen consumption at different swimming speeds (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Tail beat frequency of sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) (23.5 ± 0·5 cm, LT), swimming at the front of a school was significantly higher than when swimming at the rear, for all water velocities tested from 14·8 to 32 cm s−1. The logarithm of oxygen consumption rate, and the tail beat frequency of solitary swimming sea bass (28·8 ± 0·4 cm, LT), were each correlated linearly with swimming speed, and also with one another. The tail beat frequency of individual fish was 9–14% lower when at the rear of a school than when at the front, corresponding to a 9–23% reduction in oxygen consumption rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1998.tb00986.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen consumption of East Siberian cod: no support for the metabolic cold adaptation theory (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 59 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Standard metabolic rate (Rs) at 2°C of eight East Siberian cod Arctogadus borisovi, caught in West Greenland, body mass of 601.5 ± 147.6 g (mean ± s.D.), was 40.9 ± 5.9 mg O2 kg-1 h-1 and 59.0 ± 6.6mg O2 kg-1 h-1 when extrapolated to a standardized 100 g fish. Rs was compared with three other Gadidae, to test the theory of metabolic cold adaptation (MCA). There was no evidence of MCA in the family.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00152.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exercise metabolism in two species of cod in arctic waters (1994)
    Springer
    Polar biology 14 (1994), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The northern range of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), overlaps the southern range of the Greenland cod (Gadus ogac), in the coastal waters of Western Greenland. The availability of a temperate water species (G. morhua) in the same area and oceanographic conditions as a polar species (G. ogac) presented us with the ideal circumstances to test the hypothesis of metabolic cold adaptation (MCA) since many of the problems associated with MCA studies (adaptation of the animals beyond their normal temperature range or mathematical extrapolation of data to common temperatures) could thus be avoided. We therefore used a swim tunnel to measure oxygen consumption in fish at 4°C over a range of swimming speeds and following exhaustion, monitored the size of the oxygen debt and time of oxygen debt repayment. There were no significant differences in standard (60–72 mg O2 kg−1· hr−1), routine (76 mg O2 kg−1·hr−1), active (137mg O2 kg−1·hr−1), or maximal (157 mg O2 kg−1·hr−1) metabolic rate, metabolic scope (2.5) or critical swimming speed (2.2 BL·s−1) between the two species. Following exhaustive swimming, however, the half-time for oxygen debt repayment in G. ogac (43 min) was almost twice that of G. morhua (25 min). Despite its circumpolar distribution, therefore, there was no evidence of MCA in G. ogac.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00240271
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