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  • 1
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    Age and growth of the swordfish (Xiphias gladius L.) in the waters around Taiwan determined from anal-fin rays (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/15252 | 403 | 2014-05-30 21:11:39 | 15252 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-05
    Description: Age and growth of the swordfish (Xiphias gladius) in Taiwan waters was studied from counts of growth bands on cross sections of the second ray of the first anal fin. Data on lower jaw fork length and weight, and samples of the anal fin of male and female swordfish were collected from three offshore and coastal tuna longline fishing ports on a monthly basis between September 1997 and March 1999. In total, 685 anal fins were collected and 627 of them (293 males and 334 females) were aged successfully. The lower jaw fork lengths of the aged individuals ranged from 83.4 to 246.6 cm for the females and from 83.3 to 206 cm for the males.The radii of the fin rays and growth bands on the cross sections were measured under a dissecting microscope equipped with an image analysis system. Trends in the monthly marginal increment ratio indicated that growth bands formed once a year. Thus, the age of each fish was deter-mined from the number of visible growth bands. Two methods were used to estimate and compare the standard and the generalized von Bertalanffy growth parameters for both males and females. The nonlinear least square estimates of the generalized von Bertalanffy growth parameters in method II, in which a power function was used to describe the relationship between ray radius and LJFL, were recommended as most acceptable. There were significant differences in growth parameters between males and females. The growth parameters estimated for females were the following: asymptotic length (L∞) = 300.66 cm, growth coefficient (K) = 0.040/yr, age at zero length (t0) = –0.75 yr, and the fitted fourth parameter (m) = –0.785. The growth parameters estimated for males were the following: asymptotic length (L∞) = 213.05 cm, growth coefficient (K) = 0.086/yr, age at zero length (t0) = –0.626 yr, and the fitted fourth parameter (m) = –0.768.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 822-835
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  • 2
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    Analysis of sex-specific spawning biomass per recruit of the sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus) in the waters off eastern Taiwan (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/8783 | 403 | 2012-06-10 08:59:31 | 8783 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-27
    Description: Analyses of sex-specific yield per recruit and spawning stock biomass per recruit were conducted to evaluate the current status of the sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus) fishery in the waters off eastern Taiwan. Natural mortality rates estimated from Pauly’s empirical equation were0.26/yr for females and 0.27/yr for males. The current fishing mortality rates were estimated as 0.24/yr and 0.43/yr for females and males, respectively, which are much lower than the estimated F0 .1 (0.62/yr and 0.79/yr for females and males, respectively) and FSSB40 (0.46/yr forfemales) which are commonly used as target reference points in fisheries management. The effects of the fishingmortality, natural mortality, and age at first capture on the estimates of biological reference points wereevaluated by using the Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate that failure to consider the uncertainty inparameters such as natural mortality or age at first capture may lead to the improper estimation of biologicalreference points. This study indicates the possibility of current fishing mortality exceeding the target biologicalreference points may be negligible for sailfish in the waters off eastern Taiwan. However, in view of the recent rapid increase in fishing effort, it is evident that the stock status and development of the fishery need to beclosely monitore
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 265-277
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-electron tunneling study of two-dimensional gold clusters (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 1179-1181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: By using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy, we have studied the current–voltage characteristics of two-dimensional (2D) Au clusters, thermally deposited on self-assembled alkanethiol monolayer. The curves display Coulomb blockade and staircase with asymmetric behavior. The measured zero conductance gap as a function of cluster size is in excellent agreement with classical model calculations, in which the 2D Au island is treated as metallic in the planar direction but nonmetallic in the normal direction. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1289500
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frequency-induced structure variation in electrorheological fluids (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 3821-3823 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We show that by changing the frequency of the externally applied electric field there can be significant variation in the column structure of the electrorheological (ER) fluids, with attendant yield stress implications. This phenomenon is quantitatively explained by the Debye-type relaxation associated with ER fluids' solid particles. First-principle predictions based on the Debye-type dielectric constant are in excellent agreement with the experiments. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1329860
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large third-order optical nonlinearity in Au:SiO2 composite films near the percolation threshold (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 1-3 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Very large third-order optical nonlinearity, χ(3)∼2.5×10−6 esu, measured by a degenerate four wave mixing method using a short pulse (70 picosecond) laser, has been found in the rapid-thermal annealed Au:SiO2 composite films at concentrations below the Au percolation threshold. The dependence of the χ(3) on Au concentration, p, follows a cubic power law. The maximum figure of merit, χ(3)/α (with α being the absorption coefficient) is about 10−11 esu cm. We explain this result as due to local field enhancement arising from the Mie resonance of the Au nanoclusters, with strong interaction between the nanoclusters further promoting the effect. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119291
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic materials-based electrorheological fluids (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 2529-2531 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A type of electrorheological (ER) system, denoted the magnetic materials-based electrorheological fluids, is introduced. The solid particles of this system are 40–50 μ-microspheres obtained by the sol–gel processing of a ferroelectric material containing a ferromagnetic component. Since the solid material is magnetic, the presence of a small magnetic field, such as that from a small permanent magnet, can suspend the microspheres in liquid. The incorporation of a small amount of magnetic materials thereby solves the long standing problem of particle sedimentation in ER fluids. It is found that this type of ER fluid is very stable and exhibits a strong ER effect at low electric field. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120108
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anisotropic dielectric properties of structured electrorheological fluids (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 3070-3072 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present an approach to monitor the structure-induced anisotropic dielectric properties of electrorheological fluids. The particles used are made from uniform glass microspheres coated with an inner magnetic layer and an outer dielectric layer. Under an applied magnetic field, the particles are found to form columnar structures with a body-centered-tetragonal crystalline arrangement inside the columns. It is shown that the structure-induced dielectric constant can be consistently explained through first-principles calculations. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122675
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potentiometric iodimetric titrations with an interfacial voltaic cell for end-point detection
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytica Chimica Acta 221 (1989), S. 341-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-2670
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0003-2670(00)81971-6
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Signal distortion noise in volume phase holograms (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 427-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Signal distortion noise in volume phase holograms is analysed for the case in which the object beam consists of two plane waves. It is shown that, for a given (on-Bragg) signal diffraction efficiency, the magnitude of the signal distortion noise is inversely proportional to the square of crystal thickness. Furthermore, as a function of the angular position of the reconstruction beam, the signal distortion noise has two peaks: one at the Bragg angle and the other at a deviation Δθ 0 from the Bragg angle, where Δθ 0 is a function of relative angles between the components of the object beam and the reference beam. The on-Bragg peak of the signal distortion noise is experimentally located for volume phase holograms recorded in Fe-doped LiNbO3. The measured angular position is found to be in accord with the calculated value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620226
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and Expression Pattern of DNA Polymerase α Gene in a Marine Diatom, Skeletonema costatum (1999)
    Springer
    Marine biotechnology 1 (1999), S. 200-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2236
    Keywords: Key words: algae, cell cycle, diatoms, DNA polymerase alpha, PCR, phytoplankton.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract: To investigate the potential of DNA polymerase α as a marker for DNA replication in phytoplankton, two gene fragments that showed a high degree of similarity with eukaryotic DNA polymerase α were cloned from two strains of a diatom, Skeletonema costatum (Greville) Cleve. The gene fragments amplified with the polymerase chain reaction were 397 and 396 bp in length, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequences showed 44% to 61% similarity to the corresponding regions of DNA polymerase α sequences of eukaryotic organisms ranging from yeast to humans. The similarity was especially high in three evolutionarily conserved regions within the amplified fragments. Further, hybridization patterns from Southern blotting confirmed that the amplified fragments were an integral part on the genome of S. costatum. In batch cultures abundant messenger of DNA polymerase α appeared in the late exponential phase and the early stationary phase. This pattern suggests that DNA polymerase α expression is associated with actively dividing cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00011768
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