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  • 1
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    Calibrating an Ionosonde for Ionospheric Attenuation Measurements (2018)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-05-15
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 2
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    Automatic ionospheric layers detection: Algorithms analysis (2016)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0273-1177
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-1948
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 3
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    Analysis of Bent Wire Antenna Resonant Frequency for Different Bent Angles (2019)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0048-6604
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-799X
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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  • 4
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    Analysis of Bent Wire Antenna Resonant Frequency for Different Bent Angles (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-01-28
    Description: For the bedrock survey in the temperate glacier regions, low frequency antenna system of the airborne ground penetrating RADAR plays a very important role. A small size antenna, working at 10 MHz, would make its use easier in various radar applications. Reducing the resonant frequency of the wire dipole antenna structure, without increasing the physical size, can be attained by introducing bents in the existing structure. This paper introduces a new bent wire dipole antenna and presents the effects of bent angle of 80°, 70°, 60°, 50°, 45° and 40°of the wire antenna on the antenna parameters such as resonant frequency, S11, VSWR, gain and radiation pattern. A broadband four element equivalent circuit model of a straight dipole is used with some modifications in the R, L, C equations for the new bent wire dipole antenna by utilizing the bent angle. The frequency response of the equivalent circuit model, calculated resonant frequency values using the equations and the simulated results of the bent wire dipole antenna is compared and analyzed. As the antenna placement area inside the anechoic chamber is limited, the size of the 10MHz antenna has been scaled down by a factor of 0.01. This modifies the resonant frequency of the new structure to 1GHz. The scaled down antenna system are simulated, analyzed and tested in a GTEM cell. For bandwidth improvement of the 10 MHz antenna, a lumped element matching circuit has been designed and simulated.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1240-1251
    Description: 5A. Ricerche polari e paleoclima
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: ground penetrating radar ; bent wire antenna ; 02.02. Glaciers
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Calibrating an Ionosonde for Ionospheric Attenuation Measurements (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-26
    Description: Vertical ionospheric soundings have been performed at almost all ionospheric observatories with little attention to measuring the attenuation of the signal between transmission and reception. When the absorption has been determined, this has been achieved by comparing the received power after the first and second reflections, but this method has some limitations due to the unknown reflection coefficient of the ground and the non-continuous presence of the second reflection. This paper deals with a different method based on precise calibration of the sounding system, allowing determination of absolute signal attenuation after a single reflection. This approach is affected by a systematic error due to imperfect calibration of the antennas, but when the focus of interest is to measure a trend over a specified period, it is very accurate. The article describes how calibration was implemented, the measurement output formats, and finally it presents some results from a meaningful set of measurements in order to demonstrate what this method can accomplish.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1564
    Description: 2A. Fisica dell'alta atmosfera
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: 6IT. Osservatori non satellitari
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: ionosonde ; ionospheric attenuation ; calibration ; 01.02. Ionosphere
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Correzione alla deriva dei valori di base sui dati geomagnetici dell’osservatorio dell’Aquila, primi risultati (2019)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-10-25
    Description: La ricerca scientifica, per avere successo, ha bisogno di potersi affidare a dati validi. Gli strumenti magnetici, in particolare i magnetometri triassiali, possono essere soggetti a derive per vari motivi come variazioni di temperatura, perdita di allineamento, perdita di livellamento. Tutti questi eventi possono avere effetti spuri sui dati registrati. In questo articolo mostriamo la caratterizzazione di uno di questi casi, la perdita di livellamento e la modificazione riscontrabile sui dati, nonché la procedura usata per correggere gli effetti sui valori numerici registrati.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-18
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: magnetometro ; correzione ; deriva ; 04.05. Geomagnetism
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
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    Radars for Probing the Terrestrial Ionosphere: an Overview of Old and New Techniques (2019)
    IEEE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-10-25
    Description: Copyright notice: © 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
    Description: The first instrument that exploited the radar principle was used to investigate the properties of the ionospheric reflecting layers. Over the decades since then, the techniques have improved and many other types of probing have been developed. The presentation summarizes various methodologies, with particular focus on the vertical sounding, and describes the recent improvements, taking into account that in the last years the classic vertical soundings have been joined by new measures of the attenuation undergone by the signal, that are useful to improve the knowledge of the characteristics of the medium.
    Description: Published
    Description: Torino, Italy
    Description: 2A. Fisica dell'alta atmosfera
    Keywords: ionospheric measurements ; ionosonde ; ionogram ; ionospheric attenuation ; ionosonde calibration ; 01.02. Ionosphere
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 8
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    Ionosonda SDR per sondaggi obliqui (2022)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-04
    Description: Le finalità del progetto sono quelle di realizzare un prototipo di ionosonda per sondaggi obliqui basato sul principio del radar ad onda continua modulata in frequenza, implementato tramite dispositivi programmabili innovativi che permettono di realizzare uno strumento più piccolo e trasportabile rispetto alle ionosonde classiche. La ionosonda SDR è un radar bistatico costituito da un trasmettitore, che può servire contemporaneamente diversi ricevitori situati in località differenti, e da uno o più ricevitori che possono sintonizzarsi su differenti trasmettitori che effettuano sondaggi ad orari differenti. I sondaggi obliqui permettono di mappare la ionosfera in varie parti del territorio per la verifica di modelli teorici della ionosfera e per studiare la possibilità di usare le variazioni locali del Contenuto Elettronico Totale (TEC) come segnale di possibili precursori di terremoti.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-32
    Description: 6IT. Osservatori non satellitari
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: ionosonda ; radar FM-CW ; software defined radio ; 01.02. Ionosphere
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    Analysis of 10 MHz Bent Wire GPR Antenna Using Different Materials (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-11
    Description: Regular monitoring and tracking of the temperate glacier and polar ice sheets are necessary because of their potential impact on climate change and sea level rise. In this paper, we analyze the airborne 10 MHz bent wire ground penetrating RADAR antenna using different materials. 10 MHz GPR antenna is simulated using different materials such as silver, copper, gold, aluminum, tungsten, zinc, brass, bronze, tin, chromium, indium, lead, titanium, iron, nickel, cobalt, cast iron and graphite. From the simulation results, it is evident that, the conductivity of the material and the radiation efficiency of the antenna are directly proportional to each other. And also, if the relative permeability of the material increases, the radiation efficiency decreases. The S11, VSWR, peak gain and the radiation efficiency of the bent wire GPR antenna are presented for different materials at the solution frequency of 10 MHz.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-3
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: bent wire antenna ; antenna parameters ; GPR ; radiation efficiency ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
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    Simplified Analytical Approach for an Airborne Bent Wire Ground Penetrating RADAR Antenna System (2022)
    Radioengineering Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-04
    Description: In this paper, modified analytical equations for the total electric field intensity in the far field region of a 10 MHz bent wire antenna have been proposed. The antenna system is meant for the airborne ground penetrating RADAR application for bedrock survey. This bent antenna is having vertical, slant and horizontal segments joined together along with the parasitic element. The current in the antenna wire is assumed to be a sinusoidal distribution which drops to zero at the ends. Current in both the energized and parasitic elements contribute to the fields in the far field region of the antenna system. Separate field equations for the various segments of the antenna system have been derived and finally summed to obtain the required equation for the electric field intensity at the far field region of the antenna. The MATLAB R2017b© simulation results of the far field antenna analytical equations show good agreement with the HFSS© simulation results of the 10 MHz antenna system. Direct measurements of these radiation characteristics in a typical GPR environment present a lot of practical difficulties. In this work, the influence of the helicopter on the 10 MHz GPR antenna during the airborne survey, is simulated using EMPro© and analyzed. This placement analysis results from the simulation gives us the appropriate range of distance values that can be maintained between the helicopter and antenna during the glaciological survey before performing the real time survey. A tradeoff between scattering parameter (S11) and directivity is considered to propose the optimum distance. The overall antenna structure seems to be a promising candidate for low frequency airborne GPR glacier explorations.
    Description: Published
    Description: 215-226
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: analytical equations ; bent wire antenna ; electric field intensity ; far field equations ; placement analysis of GPR antenna ; parasitic element ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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