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  • 1
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    GenBank and PubMed : how connected are they? (2009)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © 2009 Sarkar et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in BMC Research Notes 2 (2009): 101, doi:10.1186/1756-0500-2-101.
    Description: GenBank(R) is a public repository of all publicly available molecular sequence data from a range of sources. In addition to relevant metadata (e.g., sequence description, source organism and taxonomy), publication information is recorded in the GenBank data file. The identification of literature associated with a given molecular sequence may be an essential first step in developing research hypotheses. Although many of the publications associated with GenBank records may not be linked into or part of complementary literature databases (e.g., PubMed), GenBank records associated with literature indexed in Medline are identifiable as they contain PubMed identifiers (PMIDs). Here we show that an analysis of 87,116,501 GenBank sequence files reveals that 42% are associated with a publication or patent. Of these, 71% are associated with PMIDs, and can therefore be linked to a citation record in the PubMed database. The remaining (29%) of publication-associated GenBank entries either do not have PMIDs or cite a publication that is not currently indexed by PubMed. We also identify the journal titles that are linked through citations in the GenBank files to the largest number of sequences. Our analysis suggests that GenBank contains molecular sequences from a range of disciplines beyond biomedicine, the initial scope of PubMed. The findings thus suggest opportunities to develop mechanisms for integrating biological knowledge beyond the biomedical field.
    Description: INS and HM are funded in part by a research grant from the Ellison Medical Foundation and National Library of Medicine award R01LM009725 to INS.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 2
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    uBioRSS : tracking taxonomic literature using RSS (2007)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © 2007 The Author(s). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The definitive version was published in Bioinformatics 23 (2007): 1434-1436, doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btm109.
    Description: Web content syndication through standard formats such as RSS and ATOM has become an increasingly popular mechanism for publishers, news sources, and blogs to disseminate regularly updated content. These standardized syndication formats deliver content directly to the subscriber, allowing them to locally aggregate content from a variety of sources instead of having to find the information on multiple websites. The uBioRSS application is a "taxonomically intelligent" service customized for the biological sciences. It aggregates syndicated content from academic publishers and science news feeds, then uses a taxonomic name entity recognition algorithm to identify and index taxonomic names within those data streams. The resulting name index is cross-referenced to current global taxonomic datasets to provide context for browsing the publications by taxonomic group. This process, called taxonomic indexing, draws upon services developed specifically for biological sciences, collectively referred to as "taxonomic intelligence." Such value-added enhancements can provide biologists with accelerated and improved access to current biological content.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 3
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    LigerCat : using “MeSH clouds” from journal, article, or gene citations to facilitate the identification of relevant biomedical literature (2010)
    American Medical Informatics Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © AMIA, 2009. This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose. The definitive version was published in AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings 2009: 563-567.
    Description: The identification of relevant literature from within large collections is often a challenging endeavor. In the context of indexed resources, such as MEDLINE, it has been shown that keywords from a controlled vocabulary (e.g., MeSH) can be used in combination to retrieve relevant search results. One effective strategy for identifying potential search terms is to examine a collection of documents for frequently occurring terms. In this way, “Tag clouds” are a popular mechanism for ascertaining terms associated with a collection of documents. Here, we present the Literature and Genomic Electronic Resource Catalogue (LigerCat) system for exploring biomedical literature through the selection of terms within a “MeSH cloud” that is generated based on an initial query using journal, article, or gene data. The resultant interface is encapsulated within a Web interface: http://ligercat.ubio.org. The system is also available for installation under an MIT license.
    Description: This work is funded in part thanks to grants from the Ellison Medical Foundation and the National Institutes of Health (R01LM009725-01A1).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 4
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    CAOS software for use in character-based DNA barcoding (2009)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © The Authors, 2008. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Blackwell Publishing for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Molecular Ecology Resources 8 (2008): 1256-1259, doi:10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02235.x.
    Description: The success of character based DNA barcoding depends on the efficient identification of diagnostic character states from molecular sequences that have been organized hierarchically (e.g., according to phylogenetic methods). Similarly, the reliability of these identified diagnostic character states must be assessed according to their ability to diagnose new sequences. Here, a set of software tools is presented that implement the previously described Characteristic Attribute Organization System for both diagnostic identification and diagnostic-based classification. The software is publicly available from http://sarkarlab.mbl.edu/CAOS.
    Keywords: Barcoding ; Character analysis ; Bioinformatics ; Decision support
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
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  • 5
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    Grand challenges in biodiversity informatics (2007)
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © The Author, 2007. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of KH Biotech Services Pte for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Asia-Pacific Biotech News 11(1): 15-18.
    Description: The exponentially growing array of biological data has necessitated the development of a new information management domain, biodiversity informatics. It is one of the newest members of the ‘informatics’ sub-disciplines, which all generally focus on the management of information through the application of advanced technologies. Like other informatics sub-disciplines, biodiversity informatics depends on fundamental computer science and information science principles to facilitate the management of heterogeneous data. Biodiversity informatics distinguishes itself as being the most focused on biological knowledge dating back to the earliest dates of recorded history – while most biological or biomedical informatics studies focus on organizing and studying information spanning less than 100 years, the scope of biodiversity informatics spans the age of the Earth. Biodiversity informatics is also concerned with the widest range of disparate data types – including climatology, epidemiology, geography, and taxonomy. To this end, many informatics principles can readily be incorporated into biodiversity informatics; however, there are equally as many challenges that will require creative solutions. Here, several such challenges are presented in an effort to lay a framework for the types of issues that will define the future of biodiversity informatics and, in turn, the future of biology and biomedicine.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
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  • 6
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    Biodiversity informatics : organizing and linking information across the spectrum of life (2007)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This article has been accepted for publication in Briefings in Bioinformatics © 2007 The Author Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. This is a pre-print, electronic version of an article published in Briefings in Bioinformatics 8 (2007) 347-357, doi:10.1093/bib/bbm037
    Description: Biological knowledge can be inferred from three major levels of information: molecules, organisms, and ecologies. Bioinformatics is an established field that has made significant advances in the development of systems and techniques to organize contemporary molecular data; biodiversity informatics is an emerging discipline that strives to develop methods to organize knowledge at the organismal level extending back to the earliest dates of recorded natural history. Furthermore, while bioinformatics studies generally focus on detailed examinations of key “model” organisms, biodiversity informatics aims to develop over-arching hypotheses that span the entire tree of life. Biodiversity informatics is presented here as a discipline that unifies biological information from a range of contemporary and historical sources across the spectrum of life using organisms as the linking thread. The present review primarily focuses on the use of organism names as a universal meta-data element to link and integrate biodiversity data across a range of data sources.
    Keywords: Biodiversity informatics ; Taxonomic intelligence ; Taxonomic name reconciliation ; Taxonomic name recognition ; Federated search engines ; Knowledge integration ; Encyclopedia of Life
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
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  • 7
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    Exploring historical trends using taxonomic name metadata (2008)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © 2008 Sarkar et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in BMC Evolutionary Biology 8 (2008): 144, doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-144.
    Description: Authority and year information have been attached to taxonomic names since Linnaean times. The systematic structure of taxonomic nomenclature facilitates the ability to develop tools that can be used to explore historical trends that may be associated with taxonomy. From the over 10.7 million taxonomic names that are part of the uBio system, approximately 3 million names were identified to have taxonomic authority information from the years 1750 to 2004. A pipe-delimited file was then generated, organized according to a Linnaean hierarchy and by years from 1750 to 2004, and imported into an Excel workbook. A series of macros were developed to create an Excel-based tool and a complementary Web site to explore the taxonomic data. A cursory and speculative analysis of the data reveals observable trends that may be attributable to significant events that are of both taxonomic (e.g., publishing of key monographs) and societal importance (e.g., world wars). The findings also help quantify the number of taxonomic descriptions that may be made available through digitization initiatives. Temporal organization of taxonomic data can be used to identify interesting biological epochs relative to historically significant events and ongoing efforts. We have developed an Excel workbook and complementary Web site that enables one to explore taxonomic trends for Linnaean taxonomic groupings, from Kingdoms to Families.
    Description: The work presented here was funded in part by the MBLWHOI Library and the DAB Lindberg Research Fellowship from the Medical Library Association to INS.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 8
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    Automated simultaneous analysis phylogenetics (ASAP) : an enabling tool for phlyogenomics (2008)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © 2008 Sarkar et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 2.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The definitive version was published in BMC Bioinformatics 9 (2008): 103, doi:10.1186/1471-2105-9-103.
    Description: The availability of sequences from whole genomes to reconstruct the tree of life has the potential to enable the development of phylogenomic hypotheses in ways that have not been before possible. A significant bottleneck in the analysis of genomic-scale views of the tree of life is the time required for manual curation of genomic data into multi-gene phylogenetic matrices. To keep pace with the exponentially growing volume of molecular data in the genomic era, we have developed an automated technique, ASAP (Automated Simultaneous Analysis Phylogenetics), to assemble these multigene/multi species matrices and to evaluate the significance of individual genes within the context of a given phylogenetic hypothesis. Applications of ASAP may enable scientists to re-evaluate species relationships and to develop new phylogenomic hypotheses based on genome-scale data.
    Description: This work is funded in part by NSF DBI-0421604 to GC and RD. INS is supported in part by the Ellison Medical Foundation.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 9
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    Character-based DNA barcoding allows discrimination of genera, species and populations in Odonata (2008)
    Royal Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © 2007 The Author et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons 2.5 Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Proceedings of The Royal Society B 275 (2008): 237-247, doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1290.
    Description: DNA barcoding has become a promising means for identifying organisms of all life stages. Currently, phenetic approaches and tree-building methods have been used to define species boundaries and discover 'cryptic species'. However, a universal threshold of genetic distance values to distinguish taxonomic groups cannot be determined. As an alternative, DNA barcoding approaches can be 'character based', whereby species are identified through the presence or absence of discrete nucleotide substitutions (character states) within a DNA sequence. We demonstrate the potential of character-based DNA barcodes by analysing 833 odonate specimens from 103 localities belonging to 64 species. A total of 54 species and 22 genera could be discriminated reliably through unique combinations of character states within only one mitochondrial gene region (NADH dehydrogenase 1). Character-based DNA barcodes were further successfully established at a population level discriminating seven population-specific entities out of a total of 19 populations belonging to three species. Thus, for the first time, DNA barcodes have been found to identify entities below the species level that may constitute separate conservation units or even species units. Our findings suggest that character-based DNA barcoding can be a rapid and reliable means for (i) the assignment of unknown specimens to a taxonomic group, (ii) the exploration of diagnosability of conservation units, and (iii) complementing taxonomic identification systems.
    Description: The work was supported by the Federal Government Research Program (BMBF) BIOTA South Africa (S08) and the German Science Foundation (DFG) Special Priority Program 'Deep Metazoan Phylogeny' SP1174 (DFG HA 1947/5-1 and 5-2); grants given to the last author.
    Keywords: Character-based DNA barcoding ; Characteristic attributes organisation system ; Odonata ; ND1 ; Conservation genetics ; Biodiversity
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 10
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    Genetic variation and phylogeny of the cosmopolitan marine genus Tubificoides (Annelida: Clitellata: Naididae: Tubificinae) (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-11-01
    Print ISSN: 1055-7903
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9513
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Elsevier
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