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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Communicating science : professional, popular, literary (2010)
    Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press
    Details Availability
    Call number: 2/M 13.0085
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XXIV, 324 S. , 24 cm
    ISBN: 9780521131728
    Classification:
    E.7.
    Location: Reading room
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preliminary crystallographic studies of citrate synthase from an Antarctic psychrotolerant bacterium (1998)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 54 (1998), S. 1012-1013 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Recombinant citrate synthase from a psychrotolerant bacterium, DS2–3R, recently isolated in Antarctica, has been crystallized. The crystals belong to space group P6122 or P6522, with cell dimensions a = b = 70.8, c = 307.8 Å. Diffraction data collected on a synchrotron from a cryoprotected crystal extend to at least 2.0 Å. Knowledge of the structure of this enzyme will add to the understanding of cold activity and thermolability, and will be of biotechnological interest. Previously, the structure of citrate synthase from Archaea inhabiting environments at 328 and 373 K, has been reported. This present study will extend our understanding of the structural integrity and activity of proteins at the temperature extremes of life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444998002583
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis is not accompanied by a change in fatty acid composition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae treated with the antifungal agent 6-amino-2-n-pentylthiobenzothiazole (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 150 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The antifungal agent 6-amino-2-n-pentylthiobenzothiazole at a concentration of 40 μM lowered the specific growth rate of exponentially growing cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by 36%. Treatment with 6-amino-2-n-pentylthiobenzothiazole inhibited the biosynthesis of ergosterol and caused an accumulation of the methylated sterol precursors ergosta-5,7-dienol and squalene, but had no significant effect on the composition and the rate of biosynthesis of fatty acids. The results indicate that neither the inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis, nor the slowing-down of culture growth by this antifungal agent, led to a compensatory alteration in the pattern of fatty-acyl chains in membrane lipids. This finding contradicts the accepted wisdom for the action of a number of antifungal agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10347.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antarctic bacteria inhibit growth of food-borne microorganisms at low temperatures (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 48 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The aim of this study was to identify Antarctic microorganisms with the ability to produce cold-active antimicrobial compounds with potential for use in chilled food preservation. Colonies (4496) were isolated from 12 Antarctic soil samples and tested against Listeria innocua, Pseudomonas fragi and Brochothrix thermosphacta. Thirteen bacteria were confirmed as being growth-inhibitor producers (detection rate 0.29%). When tested against a wider spectrum of eight target organisms, some of the isolates also inhibited the growth of L. monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. Six inhibitor producers were psychrotrophic (growth optima between 18 and 24 °C), halotolerant (up to 10% NaCl) and catalase-positive; all but one were Gram-positive and oxidase-positive. The inhibitors produced by four bacteria were sensitive to proteases, suggesting a proteinaceous nature. Four of the inhibitor–producers were shown to be species of Arthrobacter, Planococcus and Pseudomonas on the basis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences and fatty acid compositions. It was concluded that Antarctic soils represent an untapped reservoir of novel, cold-active antimicrobial-producers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2004.01.001
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of river sediment on the biodegradation kinetics of surfactant and non-surfactant compounds (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 23 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The half-time of biodegradation of the surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) by Pseudomonas species C12B, was reduced two fold by the presence of a riverine sediment. The sediment alone gave comparatively negligible biodegradation of SDS under otherwise equivalent conditions. The sediment had no effect on the kinetics of biodegradation of the non-surfactant pyruvate by Pseudomonas strain C12B. In the light of (i) the known strong adsorption of the surfactant SDS, but not pyruvate, to river sediment and (ii) the SDS-stimulated attachment of Pseudomonas C12B and other SDS-degraders to the sediment, the above observations indicate that acceleration of biodegradation was the result of simultaneous attachment of both SDS and biodegradation competent bacteria to the sediment. This interpretation was strengthened by analysis of the biodegradation kinetics. The data obtained for biodegradation in the absence of sediment, were fitted best by a model involving logistic growth on the added surfactant. The biodegradation data in the presence of sediment were fitted to variants of this model, including one allowing growth on material endogenous to the sediment. Of the several models tested, the data were fitted best by one which is consistent with accumulation of both bacterial cells and substrate at the sediment surface. The enhancement of surfactant biodegradation by sediment is discussed in the context of the design of biodegradability tests and environmental acceptability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1997.tb00391.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial cell hydrophobicity is modified during the biodegradation of anionic surfactants (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 124 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A biphasic increase in surface hydrophobicity of the surfactant-biodegrading bacterium Pseudomonas C12B has been correlated with biodegradation of the primary alkyl sulphate, sodium dodecyl sulphate. Using both hydrophobic interaction chromatography and microbial adhesion to hydrocarbon to measure surface hydrophobicity, it was shown that the first phase coincides with production of the primary metabolite dodecan-1-ol. The direct addition of dodecan-1-ol to Pseudomonas C12B resulted in the instantaneous increase in surface hydrophobicity, with a subsequent decrease which coincided with dodecan-1-ol biodegradation. In contrast, incubation of Pseudomonas C12B with sodium dodecane sulphonate, a non-metabolizable surfactant analogue of SDS, or the growth-supporting carbon source sodium pyruvate did not alter the surface hydrophobicity. These data are interpreted in terms of a model in which the hydrophobic metabolite dodecan-1-ol enters the bacterial membranes, thus increasing surface hydrophobicity and that these surfactant-biodegradation-dependent changes in bacterial surface hydrophobicity are correlated with reversible attachment of the bacteria to sediment surfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb07313.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycinebetaine stimulates, but NaCl inhibits, fatty acid biosynthesis in the moderately halophilic eubacterium HX (1994)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 161 (1994), S. 234-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Halophilic eubacteria ; Fatty acid synthesis ; Cyclopropane fatty acid ; Salinity ; Haloadaptation ; Osmoregulation ; Compatible solute ; Glycine-betaine ; Sodium chloride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Total fatty acid synthetase (FAS) and cyclopropane fatty acid synthetase (CFAS) activities in cell-free lysates of the moderately-halophilic eubacterium HX, have been determined using radiolabelled malonyl-CoA and S-adenosylmethionine respectively as the precursor. The activities of FAS and CFAS were extremely low in vitro in 100 mM buffers, but were stimulated up to 100-fold by exogenous addition of the compatible-solute glycinebetaine to lysates; optimum activities of FAS and CFAS in vitro were obtained in 2–3 M concentrations of this compatible solute. In contrast, NaCl added to the lysate assay system was strongly inhibitory: CFAS was 97% inhibited by 1 M NaCl whereas FAS was less sensitive with 3 M NaCl giving 82% inhibition. When the culture medium salinity was raised from 1 to 3 M NaCl, the endogenous activity of CFAS measured in vitro in lysates without additional compatible solute was approximately doubled. This increase in CFAS activity is enough to account for the known increase in CFA content which occurs when culture medium salinity is raised, and the data are discussed in the context of the role of intracellular compatible solutes during haloadaptation of membrane lipid composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248698
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycinebetaine stimulates, but NaCl inhibits, fatty acid biosynthesis in the moderately halophilic eubacterium HX (1994)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 161 (1994), S. 234-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words: Halophilic eubacteria – Fatty acid synthesis – Cyclopropane fatty acid – Salinity – Haloadaptation – Osmoregulation – Compatible solute – Glycine-betaine – Sodium chloride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Total fatty acid synthetase (FAS) and cyclopropane fatty acid synthetase (CFAS) activities in cell-free lysates of the moderately-halophilic eubacterium HX, have been determined using radiolabelled malonyl-CoA and S-adenosylmethionine respectively as the precursor. The activities of FAS and CFAS were extremely low in vitro in 100 mM buffers, but were stimulated up to 100-fold by exogenous addition of the compatible-solute glycinebetaine to lysates; optimum activities of FAS and CFAS in vitro were obtained in 2 – 3 M concentrations of this compatible solute. In contrast, NaCl added to the lysate assay system was strongly inhibitory: CFAS was 97% inhibited by 1 M NaCl whereas FAS was less sensitive with 3 M NaCl giving 82% inhibition. When the culture medium salinity was raised from 1 to 3 M NaCl, the endogenous activity of CFAS measured in vitro in lysates without additional compatible solute was approximately doubled. This increase in CFAS activity is enough to account for the known increase in CFA content which occurs when culture medium salinity is raised, and the data are discussed in the context of the role of intracellular compatible solutes during haloadaptation of membrane lipid composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248698
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptive modifications in membranes of halotolerant and halophilic microorganisms (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes 21 (1989), S. 93-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6881
    Keywords: Halotolerant, microorganisms ; halophile, microbial ; membrane, lipids and salinity ; lipid composition, microbial and salinity ; salinity, effects on microbial membranes ; osmotic pressure, effects on membrane lipids ; bacteria, halotolerant and halophilic ; phenotypic adaptation of microbial membranes to salt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Halotolerant and halophilic microorganisms can grow in (hyper)saline environments, but only halophiles specifically require salt. Genotypic and phenotypic adaptations are displayed by halophiles; the halotolerants adapt phenotypically, but it is not established whether they show genotypic adaptation. This paper reviews the various strategies of haloadaptation of membrane proteins and lipids by halotolerant and halophilic microorganisms. Moderate halophiles and halotolerants adapt their membrane lipid composition by increasing the proportion of anionic lipids, often phosphatidylglycerol and/or glycolipids, which in the moderately halophilic bacteriumVibrio costicola appears to be part of an osmoregulatory response to minimize membrane stress at high salinities. Extreme halophiles possess typical archaebacterial ether lipids, which are genotypically adapted by having additional substitutions with negatively-charged residues such as sulfate. In contrast to the lipids, it is less clear whether membrane proteins are haloadapted, although they may be more acidic; very few depend on salt for their activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00762214
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of salinity on the composition of fatty acid double-bond isomers andsn-1/sn-2 positional distribution in membrane phospholipids of a moderately halophilic eubacterium (1990)
    Springer
    Current microbiology 20 (1990), S. 43-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the first study of the effect of NaCl on the double-bond isomeric composition of fatty acids and theirsn-1/sn-2 positional distribution in the membrane phospholipids of a moderately halophilic eubacterium. The major phospholipids, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol, ofVibrio costicola grown in 1M or 3M NaCl both have ansn-1 saturated,sn-2 unsaturated distribution of fatty acids. There is a greater effect of salinity on the fatty acid composition of phosphatidylglycerol compared with phosphatidylethanolamine. The fatty acids in phosphatidylethanolamine of cultures grown in 1M compared with 3M NaCl have the same unsaturation index and average chain length, but different double-bond isomeric compositions. In comparison, the fatty acid composition of phosphatidylglycerol is more unsaturated, with a different double-bond isomeric distribution, and has a shorter average chain length in cultures grown in 3M compared with 1M NaCl. The pattern of fatty acid isomers of 16:1 and 18:1 shows thatV. costicola uses the anaerobic pathway of fatty acid biosynthesis. The presence of the isomers 16:1c11 and 18:1c13 in the phospholipids of cultures grown in 3M but not in 1M NaCl indicates that external salinity affects the specificity of fatty acid synthetase in this moderately halophilic bacterium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02094023
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