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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrahigh magnetic fields produced in a gas-puff Z pinch (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 3831-3844 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Controlled, ultrahigh axial magnetic fields have been produced and measured in a gas-puff Z pinch. A 0.5-MA, 2-cm-radius annular gas-puff Z pinch with a 3-min repetition rate was imploded radially onto an axial seed field, causing the field to compress. Axial magnetic field compressions up to 180 and peak magnetic fields up to 1.6 MG were measured. Faraday rotation of an Argon laser (5154 A(ring)) in a quartz fiber on-axis was the principal magnetic field diagnostic. Other diagnostics included a nitrogen laser interferometer, x-ray diodes, and magnetic field probes. The magnetic field compression results are consistent with simple snowplow and self-similar analytic models, which are presented here. Even small axial fields help stabilize the pinches, some of which exhibit several stable radial bounces during a current pulse. The method of compressing axial fields in a gas-puff Z pinch is extrapolable to the order of 100 MG. Scaling laws are presented. Potential applications of ultrahigh axial fields in Z pinches are discussed for x-ray lasers, inertial confinement fusion, gamma-ray generators, and atomic physics studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341391
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability enhancement of a low initial density hollow gas-puff z pinch by e− beam preionization (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 1311-1316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: e− beam preionization of the initial gas column of the hollow gas-puff z pinch at the University of California, Irvine is shown to decrease the amplitude of Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities which disrupt the imploding plasma shell of low initial density (〈1×1017 cm−3) helium pinches. A 5-ns pulsed nitrogen laser Mach–Zehnder interferometer compares the plasma density profile at various times during the implosion for preionized and unpreionized pinches. Also, a B-dot current probe compares the plasma induction fluctuations of the pinched state. Numerical calculations of the effects of the Rayleigh–Taylor growth for our geometry are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338109
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced plasma radiation source: Tandem-puff, pinch-on-wire plasma (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 3410-3415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We describe experiments for a neon tandem-puff Z pinch modified with a small-diameter, high-Z wire target (i.e., pinch-on-wire). The radiative yield for photon energies in the range of 1–100 keV is measured. With a copper-wire target the integral yield (J) between 0.9 and 1.5 keV increases by a factor of 1.5 compared to the pinch without a target; the yield is unchanged or slightly increased for higher-Z wires. The high-energy integral yield, above 6 keV, increases by a factor of 2 or more with a copper target and as much as a factor of 5 with a tungsten target. This behavior cannot be accounted for by simple hydrodynamic compression of a hot plasma and suggests yield enhancement by a nonthermal mechanism. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365036
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Closed cycle cryogenic fiber extrusion system (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 3533-3536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A fiber extrusion system is described that produces frozen fibers of almost any condensible gas. This extruder has the advantage of employing a closed-refrigeration system. To date, this system has produced fibers of H2, D2, and Ne of a diameter ranging from 100 to 130 μm. The extrusion occurs at a specific temperature which is several degrees below the triple point of these gases. Once the fiber is extruded it can survive in vacuum for 20 min if the nozzle (extrusion) temperature is lowered to 8 K. The length of these fibers can be of the order of 1 m. D2 fibers will be used in a staged Z-pinch experiment as a fuel for thermonuclear fusion. For this application a guiding structure is needed to position the fiber between the electrodes with millimeter precision, without significantly affecting its quality. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147171
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Staged Z pinch for controlled fusion (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 616-624 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A staged Z pinch is considered in which an annular plasma shell made of a high Z material like Kr implodes onto a coaxial plasma target made of a low Z material like deuterium or a deuterium–tritium mixture. The target plasma could be made either by exploding a cryogenically extruded fiber or by filling the annular shell with a gas puff or a plasma puff. Modeling is performed with a two-dimensional (2D) radiation-MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) code. A parameter study is made to determine the sensitivity of this configuration to initial conditions of the shell and the target plasmas. An axial magnetic field is essential for a stable implosion and efficient energy coupling to the final load. Using a 50–50 mixture of deuterium–tritium as a target plasma, the fusion energy gain is optimized by adjusting the initial parameters. The calculations are based on the parameters of the University of California Irvine Z-pinch facility which has a maximum energy storage of 50 kJ. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1339230
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetohydrodynamics of dusty plasmas (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 430-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A set of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations for multi-component dusty plasmas has been derived, by assuming that the characteristic wave frequency is much smaller than the ion gyrofrequency. The dusty plasma MHD equations admit a linear dispersion relation which exhibits a coupling between dust-Alfvén, dust-magnetosonic, and dust-whistler waves. The dust inertia is found to play a major role in the wave dynamics. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871816
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast magnetization of a high-to-low-beta plasma beam (1990)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 2 (1990), S. 2482-2486 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetization of a high-beta (plasma energy density/magnetic field energy density≡β≥1) hydrogen-plasma beam injected into a vacuum transverse magnetic field is studied experimentally. Nominal parameters were Ti≈1 eV, Te≈5 eV, n≤3×1013 cm−3, vi≤7×106 cm/sec, tpulse〈70 μsec, Bz≤300 G. Plasma characteristics were measured for a wide beam, a/ρi≤35, and a downstream distance, x≤300ρi, where a is the beam radius, x is the downstream distance, and ρi is the ion gyroradius. A brief initial state of diamagnetic propagation is observed, followed by E×B (magnetized) propagation; E×B propagation is accompanied by beam compression transverse to B with as much as a factor of 4 increase in density and a slight drift of the beam in the ion Lorentz force direction. For Bz=200–300 G the observed magnetization time is much faster than calculated from classical Spitzer conductivity and is more of the order of the magnetization time based on Hall conductivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.859512
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Entropy gradient-driven electron inertial instabilities (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 31 (1988), S. 3341-3345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the vicinity of a density transition region or surface, electron temperature fluctuations are known to drive low frequency electromagnetic surface waves which may be connected with the self-generation of magnetic fields in the laser–plasma interaction. Two methods of destabilization are considered. In the first approach an accelerating plasma surface is considered and this leads to instability only when an accompanying temperature gradient scale length is at most as large as the density gradient scale length. In the second approach the introduction of current is also found to cause instability near the plasma surface provided an identical temperature gradient threshold is exceeded. In both cases the growth rates for each instability are enhanced by the square root of the ion to electron mass ratio over the associated growth rates for ion-inertial-type instability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.867021
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comments on "Magnetic surface wave instabilities in plasmas'' [Phys. Fluids 28, 3447 (1985)] (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 30 (1987), S. 2297-2298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is shown that the Yu–Stenflo [Phys. Fluids 28, 3447 (1985)] treatment of magnetic surface waves in an inertial reference frame is (1) in significant disagreement with Jones' [Phys. Rev. Lett. 51, 1269 (1983)] surface wave results; (2) does not give rise to a new instability; and (3) is unable, in principle, to recover the accelerating plasma surface magnetic instability [Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 1226 (1984)].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.866116
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Z pinches with multi-ion species: Ion separation and stability (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 28 (1985), S. 1528-1531 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Recent experiments on gas-puff Z pinches using various ion mixtures have demonstrated that the plasma shell separates into two distinct annuli which implode concentrically. This phenomenon is quantitatively explained with the use of a semihydrodynamic model in which the electrons are treated as a collisional fluid and the ions are considered cold and collisionless. Stabilitiy in this model is investigated and an expression for the growth rate of a Rayleigh–Taylor type instability is presented. This growth rate is found to be independent of the degree of plasma compressibility and somewhat reduced in the presence of an ion mixture. Comparison of these results with the University of California, Irvine, Z-pinch experiment is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865404
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