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  • 1
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    A cucurbit androecy gene reveals how unisexual flowers develop and dioecy emerges (2015)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-07
    Description: Understanding the evolution of sex determination in plants requires identifying the mechanisms underlying the transition from monoecious plants, where male and female flowers coexist, to unisexual individuals found in dioecious species. We show that in melon and cucumber, the androecy gene controls female flower development and encodes a limiting enzyme of ethylene biosynthesis, ACS11. ACS11 is expressed in phloem cells connected to flowers programmed to become female, and ACS11 loss-of-function mutants lead to male plants (androecy). CmACS11 represses the expression of the male promoting gene CmWIP1 to control the development and the coexistence of male and female flowers in monoecious species. Because monoecy can lead to dioecy, we show how a combination of alleles of CmACS11 and CmWIP1 can create artificial dioecy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boualem, Adnane -- Troadec, Christelle -- Camps, Celine -- Lemhemdi, Afef -- Morin, Halima -- Sari, Marie-Agnes -- Fraenkel-Zagouri, Rina -- Kovalski, Irina -- Dogimont, Catherine -- Perl-Treves, Rafael -- Bendahmane, Abdelhafid -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 6;350(6261):688-91. doi: 10.1126/science.aac8370.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Diderot, Batiment 630, 91405, Orsay, France. ; Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS, UMR 8601, Universite Rene Descartes, Paris, France. ; The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel. ; INRA, UR 1052, Unite de Genetique et d'Amelioration des Fruits et Legumes, BP 94, F-84143 Montfavet, France. ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Diderot, Batiment 630, 91405, Orsay, France. bendahm@evry.inra.fr.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26542573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; Cucumis sativus/enzymology/genetics/growth & development ; Cucurbitaceae/enzymology/genetics/*growth & development ; Ethylenes/biosynthesis ; Flowers/enzymology/genetics/*growth & development ; Genes, Plant/genetics/physiology ; Lyases/genetics/*physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phloem/enzymology/genetics/growth & development ; Plant Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Sex Determination Processes/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation in the response of melon genotypes to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis race 1 determined by inoculation tests and molecular markers (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 52 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Screening of genotypes of melon (Cucumis melo) for resistance to wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis is often characterized by wide variability in their responses to inoculation, even under carefully controlled conditions. The variability at the seedling stage of 17 genotypes susceptible to race 1 was examined in growth-chamber experiments. Disease incidence varied from 0 to 100% in a genotype-dependent manner. Using four combinations of light (60 and 90 µE m−2 s−1) and temperatures of (27 and 31°C), only light intensity showed a statistically significant effect. Marker-assisted selection for fusarium resistance breeding using cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers were compared using a single set of genotypes that included 24 melon accessions and breeding lines whose genotype regarding the Fom-2 gene was well characterized. The practical value of the markers for discriminating a range of genotypes and clarifying the scoring of phenotypes was also tested using a segregating breeding population which showed codominant SCAR markers to be useful in marker-assisted selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2003.00806.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic diversity of Fusarium moniliforme detected by vegetative compatibility groups and random amplified polymorphic DNA markers (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 46 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Genetic diversity among Fusarium moniliforme isolates was analysed using vegetative compatibility group (VCG) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) techniques. In the first experiment, RAPD was used to analyse a set of 43 isolates collected from different corn growing areas in Israel and the US. The isolates were assigned to 27 different VCGs. Thirty-two RAPD haplotypes were also detected by analysing 48 polymorphic bands. RAPD could differentiate all the VCGs, except in two cases where two VCGs were assigned a single RAPD haplotype. In six cases, however, molecular variation was detected among isolates belonging to the same VCG. Cluster analysis of the RAPD data showed a very good agreement with the VCG grouping, e.g. isolates of the same VCG were always closely clustered by the molecular data. In a second experiment, 63 isolates of Fusarium moniliforme were collected from six corn lines growing in a single corn field. Extensive genetic variation was observed among the isolates: 42 different VCGs and 37 RAPD haplotypes were identified. Once again, RAPD patterns could differentiate nearly all the VCGs. However, in four cases, two different VCGs were grouped into a single RAPD haplotype, while in another three cases, isolates of the same VCG could be differentiated by distinct molecular haplotypes. The variation data was used to gain insight on the population structure and the patterns of genetic variation among geographical locations and within a single field. Hierarchical gene diversity analysis of the RAPD data indicated that most of the genetic variability (81%) was distributed within corn lines in the same field, suggesting that RAPD haplotype, or VCG frequencies, were not significantly affected by the plant genotypes grown in this experiment. Most of the RAPD band combinations did not display significant gametic phase disequilibrium, suggesting that active recombination might be occurring in the field. Our results indicate that by using a small number of primers, similar resolution was obtained by RAPD and VCG analysis, respectively. RAPD analysis is however, simpler to perform and its sensitivity in genotyping individuals within Fusarium moniliforme can be increased by analysing more primers, enabling a more detailed population genetic analysis of this important pathogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.1997.d01-91.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-incompatibility related glycoproteins of Brassica are produced and secreted by transgenic tobacco cell cultures
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science 92 (1993), S. 99-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9452
    Keywords: Particle bombardment ; Protein production ; S-locus glycoprotein (SLG) ; S-locus related glycoprotein-1 (SLR1) ; Self-incompatibility ; Tobacco cell culture
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9452(93)90070-G
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogeny of Cucumis based on isozyme variability and its comparison with plastome phylogeny (1985)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 71 (1985), S. 430-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Isozymes ; Phylogeny ; Cucumis ; Chloroplast DNA ; Dendrogram
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary An electrophoretic comparison of 29 nuclear-coded enzymes was carried out for 21 Cucumis species, and a phylogeny based on pairwise measurements of the respective genetic distances was computed. This phylogeny was compared to the one based on chlDNA cariation (Perl-Treves and Galun 1985). The two phylogenies were found to share the main dendrogram features; they also agree well with most taxonomic data available on Cucumis. Accordingly, most of the African Cucumis species form a close group (“Anguria group” — “Group A”), which is distant from the melon (C. melo), and from a few other distinct species, all of which are far apart from each other. The cucumber (C. sativus) is the most distant species within the genus. Some specific taxonomic implications as well as some general evolutionary problems related to such a parallel investigation of the nuclear genome and the plastome are evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251183
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced oxidative-stress defense in transgenic potato expressing tomato Cu,Zn superoxide dismutases (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1993), S. 568-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Lycopersicon esculentum ; Oxygen toxicity ; Paraquat ; Photoacoustic spectroscopy ; Solanum tuberosum ; Transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The two cDNAs coding for the cytosolic (cyt) and the chloroplast-located (chl) Cu,Zn superoxide dismutases (SODs) of tomato (Perl-Treves et al. 1988) were cloned into respective binary vectors and mobilized into Agrobacterium strains. Potato tuber discs were infected with either of the two agrobacterial strains and cultured on selective medium containing kanaymcin. The integration of either of the cyt or the chl SOD transgenes was verified by Southern-blot hybridization. The enzymatic activity of the additional tomato chl Cu,Zn SOD could be distinguished from endogenous SOD activity since the latter isozyme migrated faster on SOD-activity gels. Several transgenic potato lines harboring either the cyt or the chl SOD genes of tomato showed elevated tolerance to the superoxide-generating herbicide paraquat (methyl viologen). After exposure of shoots to paraquat, tolerance was recorded either by scoring symptoms visually or by measurements of photosynthesis using the photoacoustic method. Root cultures from transgenic lines that harbored the additional cyt Cu,Zn SOD gene of tomato were tolerant to methyl viologen up to 10-5 M; a lower tolerance was recorded in roots of transgenic lines that expressed the additional chl Cu,Zn SOD of tomato.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220915
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Cucumis plastome: physical map, intrageneric variation and phylogenetic relationships (1985)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 71 (1985), S. 417-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Chloroplast DNA ; Cucumis ; Restriction-patterns ; Phylogeny ; Plastome ; Parsimonious tree
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A restriction map of the Cucumis melo L. (melon) plastome was constructed by using several mapping approaches: single and double digestions of the chloroplast DNA (chlDNA) with endonucleases (XhoI, SmaI, SacI and PvuII) and hybridization to heterologous chlDNA probes and to isolated melon chlDNA fragments. Four plastome-coded genes were located using heterologous probes. The overall organization and gene position of the melon plastome was found to be similar to that of tobacco and other angiosperm species. Restriction patterns based on digestion of the chlDNA with nine endonucleases were obtained in over 20 wild species and cultivated varieties of Cucumis. These led to mutational analysis of the restiction sites yielding the most parsimonious phylogenetic tree of the Cucumis plastome. Most African species from a compact group (“Anguria group”) which is distant from the melon, the cucumber and a few other species (C. sagittatus, C. metuliferus and C. humifructus). All of these are also far apart from each other. The distribution of polymorphic restriction sites along the Cucumis plastome is described and conservative regions as well as “hot spots” are suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251182
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intraspecific classification of melons (Cucumis melo L.) in view of their phenotypic and molecular variation (1999)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 217 (1999), S. 313-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Cucumis melo ; melon ; intra-specific classification ; RAPD ; Inter-SSR ; DNA fingerprinting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cucumis melo L. (melon) genotypes differ widely in morphological and biochemical traits. Intraspecific classification of such variability has been difficult, and most taxonomists still rely on the work of Naudin (1859). A collection of 54 accessions representing diverse genotypes from 23 countries was surveyed. Morphological traits related to the vegetative and flowering stages and mature fruit morphology and quality parameters, e.g., taste, aroma, sugar composition and pH, were scored. These were used to construct a “botanical-morphological” dendrogram that generally reflected the classification ofCucumis melo into several horticultural varieties. DNA polymorphism among the accessions was assessed using the Inter-SSR-PCR and RAPD techniques that detected abundant DNA polymorphism among melon genotypes. Cluster analysis indicated that the largest divergence was between North American and Europeancantalupensis andinodorus cultivars as one group, and the more “exotic” varieties:conomon, chito, dudaim, agrestis andmomordica, as a second group. The molecular phylogeny agreed, broadly, with the classification of melon into two subspecies, and did not contradict the division into “horticultural varieties”. It was apparent, however, that the infra-specific division is rather loose, molecular variation being distributed continuously between and within cultivar groups. We suggest that despite the morphological diversity, separation between varietal-groups may be based on a too small number of genes to enable unambiguous infra-specific classification based on DNA diversity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984373
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  • 9
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    Asterina burtoni (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) in the Mediterranean and the Red Sea: does asexual reproduction enhance colonization? (2002)
    Inter-Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0171-8630
    Electronic ISSN: 1616-1599
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Inter-Research
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