ALBERT

Description: Samples were filtered through a 0.40-μm Whatman membrane. The samples were then acidified to a pH of ~2 with high-purity HCl . From each sample, 15-20 L was placed in acid-cleaned bottles for Nd isotope composition analysis, and 500 mL was collected to determine the REE concentration. The filter membranes were cryopreserved for the determination of SPM. REE concentrations and Nd isotope compositions determined in these filtered waters were treated as dissolved-phase measurements (Nd〈0.45μm). An unfiltered water sample was directly acidified to a pH 〈2 with hydrochloric acid after sample collection and then filtered through a 0.40-μm Whatman membrane in a cleanroom to determine the acid-soluble REEs (Nd〉0.45μm).

Description: Samples were filtered through a 0.40-μm Whatman membrane. The samples were then acidified to a pH of ~2 with high-purity HCl . From each sample, 15-20 L was placed in acid-cleaned bottles for Nd isotope composition analysis, and 500 mL was collected to determine the REE concentration. The filter membranes were cryopreserved for the determination of SPM. REE concentrations and Nd isotope compositions determined in these filtered waters were treated as dissolved-phase measurements (Nd〈0.45μm). An unfiltered water sample was directly acidified to a pH 〈2 with hydrochloric acid after sample collection and then filtered through a 0.40-μm Whatman membrane in a cleanroom to determine the acid-soluble REEs (Nd〉0.45μm).

Description: Surface seawater samples from the Changjiang Estuary were collected during the high discharge season in August 2015. The sampling locations focused on the Changjiang River Estuary area from ~32ºN to ~29ºN . Soon after their recovery, all of the samples were filtered through a 0.40-μm Whatman membrane onboard the vessel. The samples were then acidified to a pH of ~2 with high-purity HCl . From each sample, 15-20 L was placed in acid-cleaned bottles for Nd isotope composition analysis, and 500 mL was collected to determine the REE concentration. The filter membranes were cryopreserved for the determination of SPM. REE concentrations and Nd isotope compositions determined in these filtered waters were treated as dissolved-phase measurements (Nd〈0.45μm). An unfiltered water sample was directly acidified to a pH 〈2 with hydrochloric acid after sample collection and then filtered through a 0.40-μm Whatman membrane in a cleanroom to determine the acid-soluble REEs (Nd〉0.45μm) The data on dissolved REE concentrations were measured by ICP-MS (Thermo iCAP-Q) with a precision of better than 4% and a reagent blank of less than 2%, based on the results of replicated measurements. Nd isotope measurements were made on Nu plasma I and II instruments at the Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry. Corrections were made for instrumental mass bias using a value of ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd = 0.7219. The ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd ratios of the samples were normalized using the accepted value from the literature of 0.512115±0.000006 (Tanaka et al., 2000) for JNdi-1 (Geological Survey of Japan). Blank values were ≤700 pg (representing an average of 2% of the sampled signal). The Nd isotopic compositions can be expressed by ε~Nd~ = ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd[measured] / ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd[CHUR]-1)×10000, where CHUR stands for the Chondritic Uniform Reservoir, with a value is 0.512638 (Wasserburg et al., 1981), and ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd[measured] represents the measured value.

Description: This study examined dissolved Mo and sedimentary Mo along with hydro-chemical parameters in the western Taiwan Strait (WTS) in May and August 2012. The results demonstrate that dissolved Mo could be depleted of as high as 10-20 nM during our May sampling period when the nutrient-enriched Min-Zhe coastal current ceased and spring blooms developed. The negative correlation between Chl-a and dissolved Mo suggests of the possible involvement of high algal productivity into removing dissolved Mo out of the water column. Specific oceanographic settings (little currents) permitted a high sedimentary enrichment of Mo (〉6 µg/g Mo) within the highly productive waters outside the Jiulong River mouth. Possibly, the high algal productivities and consequent organic matter sinks provide a pathway of Mo burial from water columns into sediments. Dissolved Mo was relatively high in groundwater samples, but we observed that submarine groundwater discharges (SGDs) only contributed to a relatively small percentage of the total dissolved Mo pool in WTS. It is probably attributable to the immediate removal of SGD-released Mo ions via adsorption onto newly formed Mn oxides once exposed to oxygenated seawater, followed by an elevated sedimentary Mo accumulation near the SGDs (∼5 µg/g). In addition to metal oxide particle scavenging and sulfide precipitation, we estimated that biological uptake along with Mo adsorption onto organic matter carriers could finally provide more than 10% of the annual sedimentary Mo accumulation in WTS. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Description: We describe an extension of the redistributed technique form classical proximal bundle method to the inexact situation for minimizing nonsmooth nonconvex functions. The cutting-planes model we construct is not the approximation to the whole nonconvex function, but to the local convexification of the approximate objective function, and this kind of local convexification is modified dynamically in order to always yield nonnegative linearization errors. Since we only employ the approximate function values and approximate subgradients, theoretical convergence analysis shows that an approximate stationary point or some double approximate stationary point can be obtained under some mild conditions.

Description: Erratum: Comparative study of serum zinc concentrations in benign and malignant prostate disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Scientific Reports, Published online: 20 July 2016; doi:10.1038/srep28606

Description: Analytical Chemistry DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00514

Description: An efficient data dissemination mechanism is very critical for traffic safety and inquiring path information. All vehicles go straight and do not consider the effect of traffic lights during its running in the motorway. But in view of characteristic of motorway, the fast moving of vehicles will cause the frequent changes of network topology, which is a challenge for data dissemination for motorway environment in Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). This paper proposes a novel data dissemination mechanism for VANETs which apply to broadcasting and on-demand unicast scenarios. We firstly propose a weighted K-nearest neighbors prediction algorithm with self-feedback to predict the current speed of a vehicle and construct a set of forwarders for emergency message broadcasting. To satisfy users’ personal demands, the paper also designs a unicast mechanism based on information urgent level and the improved Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) protocol. The simulation results show that our proposed method can achieve better performance with higher delivery ratio, lower number of forwarders, and less copies of messages.

Description: Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.5b00633