ISSN:
0308-0501
Keywords:
Chemistry
;
Polymer and Materials Science
Source:
Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
Topics:
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
,
Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
Notes:
The small-scale smoke testing apparatus now proposed as a standard in France under the designation NF-T51-073 measures the total obscuration from a stream of smoke generated from a small sample. Although like other small-scale fire tests, it is not claimed to be of relevance to real fire situations, it is possible by varying the temperature over a wide range (200-900°C) to obtain a plot of specific optical density for various materials which broadly corresponds with general experience and certain other smoke tests. The plots show that nearly all flammable substances give a rapid rise in smoke opacity in the 350-500°C region above which there is always a steep drop sometimes to smoke densities of virtually zero. Apart from one or two synthetic materials which show a very low smoke density through-out, there is no general trend as between natural and synthetic substances. Oxygen depletion which often occurs in a real fire situation has some effect on the smoke density but it is not a major one. On the other hand, in some cases reheating the smoke can have quite a dramatic effect, due very probably to further pyrolysis and combustion.
Additional Material:
6 Ill.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810020105
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