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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soil Moisture, Native Revegetation, and Pinus lambertiana Seedling Survival, Growth, and Mycorrhiza Formation Following Wildfire and Grass Seeding (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Restoration ecology 1 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1526-100X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Grass seeding is widely used for erosion control, but its consequences for soil and regeneration following fire have been measured only infrequently. This study investigates the effect of grass seeding on the type and extent of plant cover; soil moisture percentage; and moisture stress, survival, growth, and root-tip and mycorrhiza formation of Pinus lambertiana (sugar pine) seedlings in a clearcut intensely burned by wildfire. One-year-old containerized sugar pine seedlings were planted in seeded and nonseeded areas in Spring 1988 and 1989 in the Longwood Fire area of southwest Oregon. In 1988, tree seedlings in grass-seeded plots experienced intense competition from the grass, reduced root-tip and mycorrhiza formation, low levels of soil moisture to meet evapotranspirational demand, high levels of mortality, and reduced growth. In 1989, however, the opposite was true: tree seedlings in nonseeded plots experienced competition from invading native annuals and perennials, low levels of soil moisture in summer, and higher levels of mortality. The studies we report here further indicate that, in an area characterized by extended summer drought, annual ryegrass impeded regeneration of sugar pine during the first season following the fire. Native species cover and richness have been significantly reduced in the seeded area and may affect long-term soil stability, productivity, and conifer restoration. Seeding of annual ryegrass at high rates under these conditions would seem ill advised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.1993.tb00024.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF FORESTRY (1998)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 29 (1998), S. 435-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4162
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A sufficiently wise and flexible silvicultural art can be developed on the ground only by practitioners who understand the forest as a biological entity. F. S. Baker (10) ...the existing level of knowledge about forests is inadequate to develop sound forest management policies. National Research Council (114) Over the past two decades forestry in the United States has diverged into two approaches with quite different objectives and scientific priorities. The management focus of most industrial lands is on increasing productivity of wood fiber via plantations and various cultural tools, especially genetic selection, fertilization, and control of noncrop vegetation. Federal forest management has shifted from a similar focus to greater emphasis on protecting diversity and water. Issues of long-term sustainability are important regardless of ownership. Science has played and continues to play a fundamental role in all aspects. Selection for fast-growing genotypes has increased yields on the order of 10% to 20% depending on species. Fertilization often increases growth significantly but responses are variable and difficult to predict. Significant questions remain concerning the sustainability of intensive forestry, particularly when practiced over wide areas. Soils are heavily impacted by some harvesting practices, and the degree to which damage can be repaired by fertilizers is an important scientific issue. Intensive forestry often results in increased pest problems. In at least one case (fusiform rust in southern pines), a pest has been contained by selecting resistant cultivars, a situation that may or may not be evolutionarily stable. Species diversity is clearly reduced under intensive management, raising questions about the functional role of species with no commercial value. Many of the questions facing forestry science-particularly those dealing with the relation between complexity and function-are precisely the ones confronting basic ecology. Over the past decade scientists have labored to develop ecosystem-based management approaches that maintain system complexity and function, and scientists have increasingly played nontraditional roles at the interface between biology, sociology, and policy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.435
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of monomeric thiopivalaldehyde (1986)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 108 (1986), S. 2985-2989 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00271a030
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transferring soils from high- to low-elevation forests increases nitrogen cycling rates: climate change implications (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Global change biology 5 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: We assessed the potential impact of global warming resulting from a doubling of preindustrial atmospheric CO2 on soil net N transformations by transferring intact soil cores (0–15 cm) from a high-elevation old-growth forest to a forest about 800 m lower in elevation in the central Oregon Cascade Mountains, USA. The lower elevation site had mean annual air and soil (10-cm mineral soil depth) temperatures about 2.4 and 3.9 °C higher than the high-elevation site, respectively. Annual rates of soil net N mineralization and nitrification more than doubled in soil transferred to the low-elevation site (17.2–36.0 kg N ha–1 and 5.0–10.7 kg NO3––N ha–1, respectively). Leaching of inorganic N from the surface soil (in the absence of plant uptake) also increased. The reciprocal treatment (transferring soil cores from the low- to the high-elevation site) resulted in decreases of about 70, 80, and 65% in annual rates of net N mineralization, nitrification, and inorganic N leaching, respectively. Laboratory incubations of soils under conditions of similar temperature and soil water potential suggest that the quality of soil organic matter is higher at the high-elevation site. Similar in situ rates of soil net N transformations between the two sites occurred because the lower temperature counteracts the effects of greater substrate quantity and quality at the high elevation site. Our results support the hypothesis that high-elevation, old-growth forest soils in the central Cascades have higher C and N storage than their low-elevation analogues primarily because low temperatures limit net C and N mineralization rates at higher elevations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00196.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen isotope ratios in spruce cellulose (1977)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 266 (1977), S. 476-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ALTHOUGH not affecting the practical significance of their work, Gray and Thompson's1 finding that oxygen isotope fractionation in the cellulose of white spruce (Picea glauca) depends on winter rather than summer temperature warrants further discussion. It is unlikely that the tree is ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/266476b0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Net transfer of carbon between ectomycorrhizal tree species in the field (1997)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 388 (1997), S. 579-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Different plant species can be compatible with the same species of mycorrhizal fungi, and be connected to one another by a common mycelium,. Transfer of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, through interconnecting mycelia has been measured frequently in laboratory experiments, but it is not known ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/388579a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid root tip and mycorrhiza formation and increased survival of Douglas-fir seedlings after soil transfer (1989)
    Springer
    New forests 3 (1989), S. 259-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5095
    Keywords: reforestation ; root-tip production ; soil biology ; soil transfer ; survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In order to re-inoculate soil with mycorrhizal fungi, small amounts (about 150 ml) of soil from an established Douglas-fir plantation were added to planting holes when Douglas-fir seedlings were planted on an old, unrevegetated clearcut in the Klamath Mountains of Oregon. Seedlings were lifted throughout the growing season to determine the influence of soil transfer on the rate of root tip initiation and mycorrhiza formation. Six weeks after planting, seedlings receiving plantation soil had formed 62% more root tips than controls; however, no statistically significant differences were apparent 15 weeks after planting. By that time, a small percentage of root tips were visibly mycorrhizal; seedlings receiving transferred soil had the most colonization (13.6 vs 3.5 per seedling, p ≤0.05). Of seedlings receiving transfer soil, 36.6% survived the first growing season, compared to 11.3% of control seedlings. At this high elevation, soils often remain frozen well into spring, leaving only a brief period betwen the time when soils become warm enough for root growth and the onset of summer drought. Under these conditions, the rapid root growth and mycorrhiza formation stimulated by plantation soil increases the ability of seedlings to survive the first growing season.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00028933
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure elucidation by NMR spectroscopy of saccharolidin A, a novel antiparasitic macrolide from Saccharothrix aerocolonigenes (1992)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 30 (1992), S. S87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: 2D NMR ; Saccharolidin A ; Natural product ; Hygrolide ; Assignment strategy ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The structure of saccharolidin A, C38H60O9, a macrolide with antiparasitic properties isolated from Saccharothrix aerocolonigenes, was determined by two-dimensional NMR using a fragment-directed approach. Complete elucidation of the structure required concerted application of a range of homo- and heteronuclear experiments (TOCSY, ROESY, HMQC, HMBC, HMQC-TOCSY). Saccharolidin A is related to the hygrolides but contains a number of unique features which distinguish it from previously reported members of this family. It is unsubstituted on C-2 and contains both a 1,3-dioxepane ring and an unsubstituted n-pentyl side-chain. The relative stereochemistry within each of the three groups of contiguous chiral centres has been determined.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1260301317
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  • 9
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    Asymmetric Synthesis of a Potent CXCR7 Modulator Featuring a Hindered Tertiary β-Amino Amide Stereocenter (2018)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-17
    Print ISSN: 1523-7060
    Electronic ISSN: 1523-7052
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society
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  • 10
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    Production of Tuberactinamine A by Streptomyces griseoverticillatus var. tuberacticus NRRL 3482 Fed with (S)-2-Aminoethyl-L-cysteine. (1997)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0021-8820
    Electronic ISSN: 1881-1469
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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