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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of catalase-specific inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on yeast peroxisomal catalase in vivo (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 219 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT) is known as an inhibitor of catalase to whose active center it specifically and covalently binds. Subcellular fractionation and immunoelectronmicroscopic observation of the yeast Candida tropicalis revealed that, in 3-AT-treated cells in which the 3-AT was added to the n-alkane medium from the beginning of cultivation, catalase transported into peroxisomes was inactivated and was present as insoluble aggregated forms in the organelle. The aggregation of catalase in peroxisomes occurred only in these 3-AT-treated cells and not in cells in which 3-AT was added at the late exponential growth phase. Furthermore, 3-AT did not affect the transportation of catalase into peroxisomes. The appearance of aggregation only in cells to which 3-AT was added from the beginning of cultivation suggests that, in the process of catalase transportation into yeast peroxisomes, some conformational change may take place and that correct folding may be inhibited by the binding of 3-AT to the active center of catalase. Accordingly, 3-AT will be an interesting compound for investigation of the transport machinery of the peroxisomal tetrameric catalase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1097(02)01201-6
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological effects of itraconazole on murine macrophage (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 20 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Morphological effects of itraconazole (ITCZ) on murine macrophages were examined by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and compared with the effects of other antifungal agents. Thioglycolate-induced peritoneal macrophages were prepared from C3H/He J mice and cultured for 20 h in the presence of the antifungal azoles econazole, fluconazole, miconazole, ketoconazole, ITCZ, hydroxy-itraconazole (ITCZ-OH), and a polyene antibiotic amphotericin B (AMPH). Among these reagents, only ITCZ and its derivative ITCZ-OH were effective in causing morphological changes of murine macrophage as determined by LM and SEM. Macrophages treated with 2 μg/ml ITCZ or ITCZ-OH were stretched out bidirectionally, their surface was smooth and their ‘ruffles’ decreased. TEM observation showed that the bundles of the filamentous structure existed along the cell shape in the cytoplasm. These findings suggest that ITCZ and ITCZ-OH affect the morphology of macrophages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.1998.tb01126.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of pressure stress on the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe cold-sensitive mutant nda3 (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 176 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: To investigate the influence of pressure stress on the cell cycle of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we used a cold-sensitive nda3-KM311 mutant which arrests cell division at a step similar to the mitotic prophase, proposed by Hiraoka and colleagues (Cell 39 (1984) 349–358), under the restrictive temperature, 20°C. The nda3-KM311 cells were first aerobically grown at 30°C, transferred to 20°C for 4 h and shifted to a permissive temperature of 36°C for 15 min. The cells were treated with 100–200 MPa pressure and studied by electron and fluorescence microscopy. At 100 MPa, the nuclear membrane was damaged and the matrix of mitochondria had an electron-dense area. At 150 MPa, the nuclear membrane was broken over broad areas; numerous small vacuoles had fused into large pieces. Actin patches were concentrated in the central region and actin rings were seen in the 20°C-grown cells. Even at 100 MPa, specific actin distribution was lost. Although at 100 MPa, long and fine actin cables were seen all over the cells, large actin patches and the actin rings remained in the center of the cell. They changed into thick and short cables at 150 MPa and above 200 MPa they decomposed but the actin ring was visible even with faint fluorescence. Immunoelectron microscopic observation confirmed this phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13638.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of cell wall of the cps8 actin mutant cell in Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 180 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A Schizosaccharomyces pombe cps8 mutant, of which the gene encodes a mutant actin with an amino acid substitution of Asp for Gly273 [J. Ishiguro and W. Kobayashi (1996) FEBS Lett. 392, 237–241], was used to determine the role of the actin cytoskeleton in cell wall formation. In the cps8 mutant cells, atomic force microscopic and scanning electron microscopic images showed abnormal depolarized and branched morphology. Fibrous material covered a part of the surface of growing cps8 cells. Transmission electron microscopic images showed variable thickness of the cell wall due to multilayering of cell wall materials, and aberrant multisepta due to diagonal growth of the primary septum, whereas the normal primary septum grows at a right angle from the cortex. This abnormal septum formation may induce abnormality of the cell with multinuclei and/or multisepta, caused by non-separation of daughter cells. These results indicate that actin plays an important role in cell wall and septum formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb08774.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytochemical evaluation of localization and secretion of a heterologous enzyme displayed on yeast cell surface (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 192 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A starch-utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain was constructed by cell surface engineering. Distribution of the heterologous glucoamylase–α-agglutinin fusion protein on the yeast cell was analyzed by indirect fluorescence microscopy using an anti-glucoamylase antibody. Most of the intense fluorescence was first localized in the small bud, then observed on the entire cell wall of the daughter and mother cells. Fluorescence also accumulated at the neck region. These observations suggest that the display of the heterologous protein on the cell surface is carried with other cell wall components to the areas in which the cell wall is newly synthesized; the distribution is controlled by the cell cycle. Then, the heterologous protein-encoding gene was expressed in a sec1 mutant, in which secretory vesicles accumulate under restrictive temperature, and the produced protein was detected by immunoelectron microscopy. Most of the gold particles that reacted with the fusion protein were not localized in vesicles but in expanding endoplasmic reticulum. This phenomenon may be due to overproduction of the heterologous protein which was designed to be displayed on the cell wall. Artificial production of heterologous protein may have caused a relative shortage of glycosyl phosphatidylinositol anchors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09389.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PEROXISOMES OF ALKANE-GROWN YEAST FUNDAMENTAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 386 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1982.tb21416.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural effects of pressure stress to the nucleus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a study by immunoelectron microscopy using frozen thin sections (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 132 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of hydrostatic pressure on subcellular structures, particularly the nucleus, of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were investigated by immunoelectron microscopy. Cells were treated with hydrostatic pressure from 0.1 to 400 MPa for 10 min at room temperature. Frozen thin sections of the cells revealed that spindle pole bodies disappeared at 100 MPa. At 150 MPa, the deposition of gold panicles for anti α-tubulin was noticed in the nucleus, although the filamentous structure of microtubules was lost. At 200 MPa, fewer gold particles were scattered in the nucleus and the nuclear membrane in several portions was also observed to be open at 300 MPa. These results show that elements of the nuclear division apparatus were susceptible to pressure stress, particularly spindle pole bodies and microtubules. The damage to spindle pole bodies, microtubules, and nuclear membrane caused by pressure stress was followed by the inhibition of nuclear division. After the release of pressure, the spindle pole bodies and microtubules of pressurized cells at below 200 MPa regained their normal appearance at 24 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07842.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure-stress effects on the ultrastructure of cells of the dimorphic yeast Candida tropicalis (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 131 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of hydrostatic pressure on ultrastructure of the dimorphic yeast Candida tropicalis were investigated by electron microscopy. In yeast form cells, no alterations in the subcellular structure were observed below 100 MPa, but around 200 MPa the subcellular structure was altered, especially in the nucleus and mitochondria. Nuclear membrane pores opened and were disrupted. Mitochondrial cristae were damaged and areas with high electron density were clearly visible in the matrix. In hyphal form cells, the same subcellular structures of nucleus and mitochondria were affected above 200 MPa. Tubular cristae and dense materials were observed in the matrix of mitochondria and their membrane was disrupted. Microbodies in hyphal form cells were also altered by pressure stress; their membrane became irregular and electron-dense materials were observed in the matrix. These drastic changes in nuclear membrane, mitochondria, and microbodies caused by pressure stress resulted in both forms of cells being incapable of growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07746.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct induction of homozygous diploidization in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe by pressure stress (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 136 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Hydrostatic pressure stress and a dye plate method were first used to investigate the direct induction of homozygous diploids from the haploid yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Above 100 MPa at 25 °C for 10 min, pressure stress greatly inactivated the haploid strains of JY1 (L972 h−) JY3 (L975 h90) and JY334 (ade6-M216 leulh+). At the same time, when pressure stressed cells of these strains at more than 100–200 MPa were spread on a dye plate, some pressure-effected visible colonies were stained violet (variant colonies); the rest were stained pink, similar to colonies originating from haploid cells that were not pressure-stressed. Based on the cell size, DNA content, crosses, and random spore analyses for the segregation of mating types or auxotrophic markers, variant cells originating from color changed colonies of JY1 after pressure stress were very stable and found to be homozygous diploid with an h− / h− genotype at the mating-type locus. From these results we conclude that pressure stress in combination with a dye plate is a simple and useful method for direct induction of homozygous diploid cells with very high stability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08058.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of hydrostatic pressure on the ultrastructure and leakage of internal substances in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1993)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 40 (1993), S. 123-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The structural damage to and leakage of internal substances from Saccharomyces cerevisiae 0–39 cells induced by hydrostatic pressure were investigated. By scanning electron microscopy, yeast cells treated at room temperature with pressuresbellw 400 MPa for 10 min showed a slight alteration in outer shape. Transmission electron microscopy, however, showed that the inner structure of the cell began to be affected, especially the nuclear membrane, when treated with hydrostatic pressure around 100 MPa at room temperature for 10 min; at more than 400–600 MPa, further alterations appeared in the mitochondria and cytoplasm. Furthermore, when high pressure treatment was carried out at — 20° C, the inner structure of the cells was severely damaged even at 200 MPa, and almost all of the nuclear membrane disappeared, although the fluorescent nucleus in the cytoplasm was visible by 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. The structural damage of pressure-treated cells was accompanied by the leakage of internal substances. The efflux of UV-absorbing substances including amino acid pools, peptides, and metal ions increased with increase in pressure up to 600 MPa. In particular, amounts of individual metal ion release varied with the magnitude of hydrostatic pressures over 300 MPa, which suggests that the ions can be removed from the yeast cells separately by hydrostatic pressure treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170440
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