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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accumulation of a 31-kDa glycoprotein in association with the expression of embryogenic potential by spinach callus in culture (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 114 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Calli grown from segments of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) root in the presence of gibberellic acid (GA3) plus auxin, differentiated to yield somatic embryos after transfer to a medium without growth regulators, while calli formed in the absence of GA3 failed to generate any embryos. We extracted proteins from the two types of callus and analysed them by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Compared with the proteins from calli formed on medium that contained only naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) as a growth regulator, the proteins from calli grown in the presence of GA3 included appreciably higher levels of a 31-kDa basic protein (pI = 8.8). The protein resembled type I ribosome-inactivating proteins (EC 3.2.2.22) in terms of molecular mass, isoelectric point, sequence of amino-terminal amino acids and extent of glycosylation. The 31-kDa protein was barely detectable in extracts of various tissues from seedlings. Thus, it is possible that an increase in the relative level of this protein might be associated with the expression of embryogenic potential expressed by spinach callus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1140115.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selection of somaclonal variants with low-temperature germinability in melon (Cucumis melo L.) (1995)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 14 (1995), S. 684-688 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Cucumis mel ; somaclonal variation ; low-temperature ; selection ; germinability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Plants were regenerated from adventitious buds and somatic embryos (R0) of melon (Cucumis melo L.), the cultivar Andes. Somaclonal variants of melon with low temperature germinability were selected from the progenies (R1) of R0 plants. Among 5,618 R1 seeds harvested from 23 R0 plants that were regenerated from adventitious buds 4 seeds germinated after 5 days of culture at 15 °C (selection rate; 0.07%). However, among 374 R2 seeds harvested from 2 R1 plants no seed germinated after 7 days of culture at 14 °C. Among 9,181 R1 seeds harvested from 50 R0 plants regenerated from somatic embryos 110 seeds germinated after 5 days of culture at 15 °C (selection rate; 1.20%). Among 3,717 R2 seeds harvested from 17 R1 plants 113 seeds germinated after 7 days of culture at 14 °C (selection rate; 3.04%). R3 seeds were collected from these R2 plants following self-pollination. Forty-five of the 47 lines (R3) originated from 10 R0 plants showed higher germination rates than that of the original cultivar. Selected lines with low-temperature germinability showed greater fruit growth rate than the original cultivar during the middle stage when they were cultivated in a greenhouse under low-temperature conditions. Of fruits harvested from 31 lines, 15 lines showed greater fruit volume than the original cultivar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232647
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ploidy of somatic embryos and the ability to regenerate plantlets in melon (Cucumis melo L.) (1994)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 14 (1994), S. 107-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Cucumis melo ; somatic embryogenesis ; diploid ; tetraploid ; octoploid ; plantlet-regeneration ability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The number of chromosomes in cells of callus, somatic embryos and regenerated plantlets during somatic embryogenesis were examined in two cultivars of melon (Cucumis melo L.). Somatic embryos were diploid (50.0%/32.1%), tetraploid (38.5%/57.5%) and octoploid (11.5%/10.4%) whereas in callus cells diploidy (41.9%/43.3%), tetraploidy (27.9%/25.8%), octoploidy (11.6%/15.5%) and a low frequency of other types of ploidy and aneuploidy were observed. Mixoploid somatic embryos were not observed. These results suggest that the somatic embryos were selectively differentiated from diploid, tetraploid and octoploid cells, and that endopolyploidization of cultured cells occurred before the start of cell division leading to somatic embryogenesis. The ratio of diploid to tetraploid (1.30/0.55) in somatic embryos was less than that in callus cells (1.50/1.68) while ratios of diploid to octoploid (4.35/3.09) and tetraploid to octoploid (3.35/5.52) in somatic embryos were greater than those in callus cells (3.61/2.80 and 2.40/1.67). Therefore, it appears that the ability of callus cell to differentiate into somatic embryos increases in the following order: octoploid 〈 diploid 〈 tetraploid. Regenerated plantlets were diploid (65.5%/55.1%) and tetraploid (34.5%/44.9%). No octoploid plantlets were observed. The ratio of diploid to tetraploid in regenerated plantlets (1.72/1.23) was greater than that in somatic embryos. Therefore, it appears that the ability of somatic embryos to develop into plantlets increases in the following order: octoploid 〈 tetraploid 〈 diploid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233771
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cryopreservation of shoot primordia cultures of melon using a slow prefreezing procedure (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 49 (1997), S. 171-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Cucumis melo ; mass propagation ; storage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Tissue-cultured shoot primordia of melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. prince melon) were successfully cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen (LN) using a slow prefreezing method. The highest survival and recovery were obtained with the following procedure. Three week-old shoot primordia clumps were dissected into pieces of 2-3 mm of diameter and precultured in standard medium for 3 days. They were directly soaked in CSP1 cryoprotective solution (10%w/v sucrose, 10%w/v dimethylsulfoxide and 5%w/v glycerol) and incubated at room temperature for 30 min. Samples were ice-inoculated at -8 °C and cooled at a rate of between 0.3 and 1 °C min−1 with a programmable freezer to -30 °C for prefreezing. They were then plunged into LN for storage. After rapid thawing in 40 °C water, the cryoprotective solution was slowly diluted 5 fold in a dropwise manner with 3% sucrose and the shoot primordia were transferred onto regeneration medium. Under optimal conditions, more than 80% of cryopreserved shoot primordia were viable and 50 to 80% regenerated shoots after one month of reculture. Cryopreserved shoot primordia could be used both for reproducing a shoot primordia culture and for regenerating plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005856617676
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of aneuploid melon plants following in vitro culture of seeds from a triploid x diploid cross (1994)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 38 (1994), S. 61-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: embryo rescue ; evule culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Aneuploid melon plants (Cucumis melo L.) were obtained from in vitro cultured seed, which were produced by crossing triploid (3x=36) x diploid (2x=24) plants. Twenty-six fruits were obtained from pollination of 29 bisexual flowers of triploid plants. Seeds were collected from the fruits at 2, 3, 4, 5 and 〉7 weeks after pollination and germinated in vitro on Murashige & Skoogs (MS) medium. Embryos developed from 0.6 to 1.6% of the cultured seeds after three weeks in culture. Shoots developed from 0 to 47% of embryos after transfer to half-strength MS medium. Some (0 to 50%) of elongated shoots that rooted were subcultured on the same medium. Five rooted plantlets were obtained through culture of 5,353 seeds. Four of the plants were aneuploid, with chromosome numbers of 27, 35, 45 and 46, respectively, and the one was tetraploid (4x=48).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034445
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term ploidy stability of shoot primordium cultures and produced plants of melon (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 48 (1997), S. 31-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Cucurbitaceae ; Cucumis melo ; polyploidy ; regeneration ; somaclonal variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The chromosome number of cells in the shoot primordium aggregates and produced plants of melon [Cucumis melo L. 'Prince' (2n=2x=24)] was examined. Shoot primordium aggregates were induced from shoot-tips cultured in liquid medium and shaken at low speed (2 rpm). They were maintained by subculturing small pieces (5mm〈) every 4 weeks. Shoot primordium aggregates just after induction contained about 97 diploid and 3 tetraploid cells, which was similar to those maintained in shoot primordium cultures for 6 years. This indicates that the ploidy level was maintained stably. On the other hand, plants produced from the shoot primordium aggregates just after induction were either diploid, tetraploid or mixoploid with both diploid and tetraploid cells. These ploidies were again observed among plants produced from shoot primordium cultures that were 2, 3 or 4 years old. A majority of produced plants were diploid while the total frequency of tetraploids and mixoploids was less than 8 of plants produced from all ages. Therefore, the frequency of somaclonal variation with respect to ploidy among plants produced from shoot primordium aggregates is likely to be stable at a low level over the long term.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005854523278
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