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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Empirical relation between permittivity $$(\varepsilon)$$ and viscosity $$(\eta)$$ of polar and non-polar liquids (1997)
    Springer
    Speculations in science and technology 20 (1997), S. 45-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9309
    Keywords: permittivity ; viscosity ; interactions.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: Abstract An empirical relation is proposed wherein the inverse of the permittivity of a pure liquid is described as a linear function of the inverse of the viscosity. It also provides a simple method of calculating the permittivity of a solid at the freezing temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018508502411
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Exfoliated multilayer MoTe2 field-effect transistors (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-11
    Description: The properties of multilayer exfoliated MoTe 2 field-effect transistors (FETs) on SiO 2 were investigated for channel thicknesses from 6 to 44 monolayers (MLs). All transistors showed p -type conductivity at zero back-gate bias. For channel thicknesses of 8 ML or less, the transistors exhibited ambipolar characteristics. ON/OFF current ratio was greatest, 1  ×  10 5 , for the transistor with the thinnest channel, 6 ML. Devices showed a clear photoresponse to wavelengths between 510 and 1080 nm at room temperature. Temperature-dependent current-voltage measurements were performed on a FET with 30 layers of MoTe 2 . When the channel is turned-on and p -type, the temperature dependence is barrier-limited by the Au/Ti/MoTe 2 contact with a hole activation energy of 0.13 eV. A long channel transistor model with Schottky barrier contacts is shown to be consistent with the common-source characteristics.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    Deliquescent phenomena of ambient aerosols on the North China Plain (2016)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-09
    Description: In this study, we report that the deliquescent phenomena of ambient aerosols on the North China Plain are frequently observed using a humidified nephelometer system. The deliquescence relative humidity (RH) primarily ranges from 73 % to 81 %, with an average of 76.8 %. The observed deliquescent phenomena of ambient aerosols exhibit distinct diurnal patterns and are highly correlated with ammonium sulfate. The diurnal variations of ammonium and nitrate may play significant roles on occurrences of observed deliquescent phenomena. The frequently observed deliquescent phenomena of ambient aerosols in this paper imply that current parameterization schemes that describe the RH dependence of particle light scattering may result in a significant bias when estimating aerosol effects on climate.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 4
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    Overexpression of a Populus trichocarpa H+-pyrophosphatase gene PtVP1.1 confers salt tolerance on transgenic poplar (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-25
    Description: The Arabidopsis vacuolar H + -pyrophosphatase ( AVP1 ) has been well studied and subsequently employed to improve salt and/or drought resistance in herbaceous plants. However, the exact function of H + -pyrophosphatase in woody plants still remains unknown. In this work, we cloned a homolog of type I H + -pyrophosphatase gene, designated as PtVP1.1 , from Populus trichocarpa , and investigated its function in both Arabidopsis and poplar. The deduced translation product PtVP1.1 shares 89.74% identity with AVP1. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative real-time PCR analyses revealed a ubiquitous expression pattern of PtVP1.1 in various tissues, including roots, stems, leaves and shoot tips. Heterologous expression of PtVP1.1 rescued the retarded-root-growth phenotype of avp1 , an Arabidopsis knock out mutant of AVP1 , on low carbohydrate medium. Overexpression of PtVP1.1 in poplar ( P. davidiana   x   P. bolleana ) led to more vigorous growth of transgenic plants in the presence of 150 mM NaCl. Microsomal membrane vesicles derived from PtVP1.1 transgenic plants exhibited higher H + -pyrophosphatase hydrolytic activity than those from wild type (WT). Further studies indicated that the improved salt tolerance was associated with a decreased Na + and increased K + accumulation in the leaves of transgenic plants. Na + efflux and H + influx in the roots of transgenic plants were also significantly higher than those in the WT plants. All these results suggest that PtVP1.1 is a functional counterpart of AVP1 and can be genetically engineered for salt tolerance improvement in trees.
    Print ISSN: 0829-318X
    Electronic ISSN: 1758-4469
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 5
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    Structural insights into the function of a unique tandem GTPase EngA in bacterial ribosome assembly (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-28
    Description: Many ribosome-interacting GTPases, with proposed functions in ribosome biogenesis, are also implicated in the cellular regulatory coupling between ribosome assembly process and various growth control pathways. EngA is an essential GTPase in bacteria, and intriguingly, it contains two consecutive GTPase domains (GD), being one-of-a-kind among all known GTPases. EngA is required for the 50S subunit maturation. However, its molecular role remains elusive. Here, we present the structure of EngA bound to the 50S subunit. Our data show that EngA binds to the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) and induces dramatic conformational changes on the 50S subunit, which virtually returns the 50S subunit to a state similar to that of the late-stage 50S assembly intermediates. Very interestingly, our data show that the two GDs exhibit a pseudo-two-fold symmetry in the 50S-bound conformation. Our results indicate that EngA recognizes certain forms of the 50S assembly intermediates, and likely facilitates the conformational maturation of the PTC of the 23S rRNA in a direct manner. Furthermore, in a broad context, our data also suggest that EngA might be a sensor of the cellular GTP/GDP ratio, endowed with multiple conformational states, in response to fluctuations in cellular nucleotide pool, to facilitate and regulate ribosome assembly.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    YAP1, the nuclear target of Hippo signaling, stimulates heart growth through cardiomyocyte proliferation but not hypertrophy [Developmental Biology] (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-15
    Description: Heart growth is tightly controlled so that the heart reaches a predetermined size. Fetal heart growth occurs through cardiomyocyte proliferation, whereas postnatal heart growth involves primarily physiological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. The Hippo kinase cascade is an important regulator of organ growth. A major target of this kinase cascade is YAP1, a transcriptional coactivator that is inactivated by Hippo kinase activity. Here, we used both genetic gain and loss of Yap1 function to investigate its role in regulating proliferative and physiologic hypertrophic heart growth. Fetal Yap1 inactivation caused marked, lethal myocardial hypoplasia and decreased cardiomyocyte proliferation, whereas fetal activation of YAP1 stimulated cardiomyocyte proliferation. Enhanced proliferation was particularly dramatic in trabecular cardiomyocytes that normally exit from the cell cycle. Remarkably, YAP1 activation was sufficient to stimulate proliferation of postnatal cardiomyocytes, both in culture and in the intact heart. A dominant negative peptide that blocked YAP1 binding to TEAD transcription factors inhibited YAP1 proliferative activity, indicating that this activity requires YAP1–TEAD interaction. Although Yap1 was a critical regulator of cardiomyocyte proliferation, it did not influence physiological hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes, because postnatal Yap1 gain or loss of function did not significantly alter cardiomyocyte size. These studies demonstrate that Yap1 is a crucial regulator of cardiomyocyte proliferation, cardiac morphogenesis, and myocardial trabeculation. Activation of Yap1 in postnatal cardiomyocytes may be a useful strategy to stimulate cardiomyocyte expansion in therapeutic myocardial regeneration.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 7
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    EGFR 3'UTR 774T〉C polymorphism contributes to bladder cancer risk (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-12-20
    Description: Much evidence show that over-expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays an important role in regulating carcinogenesis. Genetic variations in 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of gene have been reported to affect gene expression by interfering with microRNAs (miRNAs), which are thought to function as either tumour suppressors or oncogenes by binding to their target mRNA. In this study, we investigated the association between the EGFR 3'UTR 774T〉C polymorphism and bladder cancer risk. We used the TaqMan technology to genotype this genetic variant in a hospital-based case–control study of 908 bladder cancer patients and 1239 controls in a Chinese population. We found that the 774CC genotype was associated with a statistically significantly increased risk of bladder cancer [adjusted odds ratio = 1.29, 95% confidence interval = 1.05–1.58], compared with the 774TT/TC genotype, and this increased risk was more pronounced among subgroups of age 〉 65 years, non-smokers and patients’ tumour invasive stage. Furthermore, luciferase assays in T24 cell showed that EGFR 3'UTR 774 T to C substitution could increase the expression of EGFR, which was consistent with the association study finding. Additionally, we also provide evidence that 774T〉C polymorphism increasing EGFR expression was not regulated by hsa-miR-214 binding. These findings suggested that EGFR 3'UTR 774T〉C polymorphism may contribute to susceptibility to bladder cancer.
    Print ISSN: 0267-8357
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3804
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    Fine mapping the MHC region identified four independent variants modifying susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B in Han Chinese (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-24
    Description: Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have demonstrated the association between genetic variants in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection, but it is still unknown about the disease-causing loci and potential mechanisms owing to the complicated linkage disequilibrium for this region. To systematically characterize the MHC variations in relation to the CHB infection, we fine mapped the MHC region on our existing GWAS data with SNP2HLA taken the Pan-Asian panel as reference and finally identified four independent associations. The HLA-DPβ1 amino acid positions 84–87, which drove the effect of reported single nucleotide polymorphisms rs9277535 and rs3077, showed the most significant association (OR = 0.65, P = 2.03 x 10 –8 ). The Leu-15 of HLA-C, conferring the effect of rs3130542, increased the risk of CHB infection independently (OR = 1.61, P = 3.42 x 10 –7 ). The HLA-DRβ1*13 , in perfect LD with glutamic at site 71, and rs400488, an expression quantitative trait locus for HLA-J , were newly identified to be associated with CHB infection independently (OR = 1.84, P = 3.84 x 10 –9 ; OR = 0.28, P = 6.27 x 10 –7 , respectively). HLA-DPβ1 positions 84–87 and HLA-DRβ1 position 71 implicated the P1 and P4 in the antigen-binding groove, whereas HLA-C position 15 affected the signal peptide. These four independent loci together can explain ~6% of the phenotypic variance for CHB infection, accounting for 72.94% of that explained by known genetic variations. We fine mapped the MHC region and identified four loci that independently drove the chronic HBV infection. The results provided a deeper understanding of the GWAS signals and identified additional susceptibility loci which were missed in previous association studies.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Changes of aroma components of pineapple wine during fermentation with ADT strain (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-04
    Description: In order to analyze the changes of volatile organic compounds produced by pineapple juice under the action of ADT yeast, the fermented wine was analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that a total of 37 volatile compounds were detected by GC-MS in the wine fermented, including 24 kinds of esters, 8 kinds of alcohols and 5 kinds of acids, among which decanoic acid, ethyl ester, hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, acetic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester, 3-methylbutyl ester, phenylethyl alcohol and octanoic acid, which are the main flavors of pineapple wine, are produced in the fermentation process and are always present. Octanoic acid, ethyl ester, 1-Butanol, acetic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester, hexanoic acid, ethyl ester, acetic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester and decanoic acid and ethyl ester have a significant increase in the fermentation process. Among them, 1-Butanol, 3-(Methylthio) propyl acetate has a pleasant banana odor, 8 ...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 10
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    Synergistic Effect of Corn Leaf Volatile Odor Substances on Sex Pheromone of Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-12
    Description: After proposing a new total synthetic route for pheromone of Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) in a high overall yields, short synthetic, and cheap starting materials way, we used the method of electroantennogram (EAG) to detect the synergistic effects of five common corn leaf volatiles, which include benzaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, cis-3-hexenol, trans-2-hexenol and corn oil, on sex pheromones of Asian corn borer. The result showed that the five substances can significantly increase the activity of Asian corn borer sex pheromone and have a synergistic effect, but there was no significant difference between each other.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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