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  • 1
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    In vitro cytotoxicity of a glass ionomer cement of a new generation (1984)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0263-6484
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-0844
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of dentine on the in vitro cytotoxicity testing of dental restorative materials (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 18 (1984), S. 771-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Few in vitro systems for testing dental restorative materials have taken into account the protection afforded by the residual dentine in vivo. In turn opinions differ as to whether an increase in residual dentine thickness increases this protection. In this study an increase in the depth of dentine powder beneath zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) reduced its toxicity, while this was not the case with the glass ionomer cement. Compaction of the powder had no effect, suggesting that protection was due to binding of the toxicant to the dentine rather than it acting as a physical barrier. Protein was shown to be very important in moderating the cytotoxicity of ZOE. These results suggest that in vivo the irritancy of some materials may be related to the depth of residual dentine but not others. The effect of exposure period and volume of these materials on their cytotoxicity was also investigated. Increasing the volume of ZOE while retaining the same surface area increased the toxicity of ZOE, while with the glass ionomer it had no effect.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820180707
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the in vitro cytotoxicity of four restorative materials assessed by changes in enzyme levels in two cell types (1982)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 16 (1982), S. 519-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A system is described for assessing the toxicity of freshly mixed restorative materials in vitro by measuring changes in the levels of β-galactosidase and lactic dehydrogenase in both cultured cells and supernatants. The toxic effects of a zinc phosphate and silicate cement, a composite, and zinc oxide/eugenol were studied on two cell types, macrophages and fibroblasts, after 24 h exposure. Zinc oxide/eugenol, Silicap, and zinc phosphate were toxic to macrophages, in that order; Concise appeared to be nontoxic. Only zinc oxide/eugenol exerted significant effects on fibroblasts. Interposing dentine powder between the test cells and the material ameliorated the effects of all materials, possibly by the absorption of toxic components.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820160417
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zinc release from dental restorative materials in vitro (1986)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 20 (1986), S. 285-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Zinc release from a range of dental restorative materials was measured in the absence and presence of dentin over a 2-week period. The presence of dentin was designed to simulate the residual dentin in vivo. There were considerable differences in both the levels and pattern of zinc release for the different materials. In several cases the concentrations exceeded the level which has been reported cytotoxic to cells in culture. With dentin, little zinc passed into solution, and high concentrations were measured in the dentin. This may explain the discrepancy between in vivo toxicity tests using zinc-containing materials and previous in vitro tests which have not included dentin in the test system.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820200302
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake of zinc and fluoride by several dentin components (1987)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 21 (1987), S. 127-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The uptake of zinc released from ZOE and Dispersalloy, and fluoride from ChemFil by different components of dentin was studied in vitro. These materials were placed over a 500-m̈m layer of the dentin fraction in a simulated cavity, and the zinc and fluoride levels in the fraction and underlying solution determined after 7 days. Parallel studies were also carried out in which these components, alone in simulated cavities, were placed over solutions containing different concentrations of zinc and fluoride and the uptake determined after 24 h. Zinc uptake was considerably greater by the inorganic than the organic fractions used in this study. Uptake from ZOE was disproportionately higher than from Dispersalloy presumably reflecting the fact that the zinc in ZOE is more loosely bound. In addition the high zinc levels in collagen beneath this material may be attributed to the binding of the eugenol component. In contrast fluoride uptake was generally highest by the organic fractions with relatively low uptake by the inorganic fractions which is in contrast to previous studies. Uptake of zinc and fluoride from solution by these fractions was consistent with these findings. Thus zinc is more strongly bound by the inorganic and fluoride by the organic fractions of dentin.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820210115
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro cytotoxicity of a glass ionomer cement of a new generation (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 2 (1984), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Dental cement ; cytotoxicity ; in vitro ; glass ionomer cements ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The new glass ionomer dental cement, ChemFil, was found to be moderately cytotoxic when freshly mixed in vitro. This was assessed by a reduction in fibroblast and macrophage counts following 24 h exposure to the material, and by alterations in enzyme levels and enzyme staining kinetics relative to control cultures. Testing of set samples of the material showed that its toxicity decreased rapidly with setting. ChemFil behaved in a manner similar to two older glass ionomers, ASPA and ChemBond, although it was generally slightly less irritant.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290020112
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