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  • 1
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    Perturbation approximation of 3-D seismic scattering (1990)
    In:  Geophys. J. Int., Stockholm, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, vol. 101, no. 8, pp. 713-738, pp. L15318, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990
    Keywords: Perturbation method ; Scattering ; Seismology ; Toksoez ; Toksoz ; GJI
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    Analysis of regional phases using three component data (1988)
    Air Force Geophysics Laboratory
    In:  Technical Report, Hannover, Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, vol. 10, no. AFGL-TR-88-0322, pp. 1358-1361, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988
    Keywords: Nuclear explosion ; Seismology ; Three component data ; Toksoez ; Toksoz
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    Analysis of regional phases using three-component data (1989)
    Geophysics Laboratory
    In:  Technical Report, Leipzig, Geophysics Laboratory, vol. 10, no. GL-TR-89-0310, pp. 131, (ISBN 0 08 042822 3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989
    Keywords: Nuclear explosion ; Seismology ; Spectrum ; Three component data ; Toksoz
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 4
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    Forcing of wet phases in southeast Africa over the past 17,000 years (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-24
    Description: Intense debate persists about the climatic mechanisms governing hydrologic changes in tropical and subtropical southeast Africa since the Last Glacial Maximum, about 20,000 years ago. In particular, the relative importance of atmospheric and oceanic processes is not firmly established. Southward shifts of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) driven by high-latitude climate changes have been suggested as a primary forcing, whereas other studies infer a predominant influence of Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures on regional rainfall changes. To address this question, a continuous record representing an integrated signal of regional climate variability is required, but has until now been missing. Here we show that remote atmospheric forcing by cold events in the northern high latitudes appears to have been the main driver of hydro-climatology in southeast Africa during rapid climate changes over the past 17,000 years. Our results are based on a reconstruction of precipitation and river discharge changes, as recorded in a marine sediment core off the mouth of the Zambezi River, near the southern boundary of the modern seasonal ITCZ migration. Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures did not exert a primary control over southeast African hydrologic variability. Instead, phases of high precipitation and terrestrial discharge occurred when the ITCZ was forced southwards during Northern Hemisphere cold events, such as Heinrich stadial 1 (around 16,000 years ago) and the Younger Dryas (around 12,000 years ago), or when local summer insolation was high in the late Holocene, that is, during the past 4,000 years.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schefuss, Enno -- Kuhlmann, Holger -- Mollenhauer, Gesine -- Prange, Matthias -- Patzold, Jurgen -- England -- Nature. 2011 Dec 21;480(7378):509-12. doi: 10.1038/nature10685.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences and Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. schefuss@uni-bremen.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22193106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa, Southern ; *Climate Change ; Geologic Sediments/*analysis ; *Rain ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 5
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    North Atlantic forcing of tropical Indian Ocean climate (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-05-03
    Description: The response of the tropical climate in the Indian Ocean realm to abrupt climate change events in the North Atlantic Ocean is contentious. Repositioning of the intertropical convergence zone is thought to have been responsible for changes in tropical hydroclimate during North Atlantic cold spells, but the dearth of high-resolution records outside the monsoon realm in the Indian Ocean precludes a full understanding of this remote relationship and its underlying mechanisms. Here we show that slowdowns of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during Heinrich stadials and the Younger Dryas stadial affected the tropical Indian Ocean hydroclimate through changes to the Hadley circulation including a southward shift in the rising branch (the intertropical convergence zone) and an overall weakening over the southern Indian Ocean. Our results are based on new, high-resolution sea surface temperature and seawater oxygen isotope records of well-dated sedimentary archives from the tropical eastern Indian Ocean for the past 45,000 years, combined with climate model simulations of Atlantic circulation slowdown under Marine Isotope Stages 2 and 3 boundary conditions. Similar conditions in the east and west of the basin rule out a zonal dipole structure as the dominant forcing of the tropical Indian Ocean hydroclimate of millennial-scale events. Results from our simulations and proxy data suggest dry conditions in the northern Indian Ocean realm and wet and warm conditions in the southern realm during North Atlantic cold spells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mohtadi, Mahyar -- Prange, Matthias -- Oppo, Delia W -- De Pol-Holz, Ricardo -- Merkel, Ute -- Zhang, Xiao -- Steinke, Stephan -- Luckge, Andreas -- England -- Nature. 2014 May 1;509(7498):76-80. doi: 10.1038/nature13196.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany. ; Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA. ; Department of Oceanography, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile. ; Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, 30655 Hannover, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24784218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa, Eastern ; Air ; Atlantic Ocean ; Borneo ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Greenland ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; Humidity ; Hydrology ; Ice Cover ; Indian Ocean ; Indonesia ; Lakes ; *Models, Theoretical ; Oxygen Isotopes ; Rain ; Salinity ; Seasons ; Seawater/analysis/chemistry ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; *Tropical Climate ; Water Movements
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Sensitivity of the Greenland Ice Sheet to interglacial climate forcing: MIS 5e versus MIS 11 (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-24
    Description: The Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is thought to have contributed substantially to high global sea levels during the interglacials of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e and 11. Geological evidence suggests that the mass loss of the GrIS was greater during the peak interglacial of MIS 11 than MIS 5e, despite a weaker boreal summer insolation. We address this conundrum by using the three-dimensional thermomechanical ice-sheet model Glimmer forced by CCSM3 climate model output for MIS 5e and MIS 11 interglacial time slices. Our results suggest a stronger sensitivity of the GrIS to MIS 11 climate forcing than to MIS 5e forcing. Besides stronger greenhouse gas radiative forcing, the greater MIS 11 GrIS mass loss relative to MIS 5e is attributed to a larger oceanic heat transport towards high latitudes by a stronger Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. The vigorous MIS 11 ocean overturning, in turn, is related to a stronger wind-driven salt transport from low to high latitudes promoting North Atlantic Deep Water formation. The orbital insolation forcing, which causes the ocean current anomalies, is discussed.
    Print ISSN: 0883-8305
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-9186
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 7
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    Palaeoclimatic insights into forcing and response of monsoon rainfall (2016)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-14
    Description: Monsoons are the dominant seasonal mode of climate variability in the tropics and are critically important conveyors of atmospheric moisture and energy at a global scale. Predicting monsoons, which have profound impacts on regions that are collectively home to more than 70 per cent of Earth's population, is a challenge that is difficult to overcome by relying on instrumental data from only the past few decades. Palaeoclimatic evidence of monsoon rainfall dynamics across different regions and timescales could help us to understand and predict the sensitivity and response of monsoons to various forcing mechanisms. This evidence suggests that monsoon systems exhibit substantial regional character.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mohtadi, Mahyar -- Prange, Matthias -- Steinke, Stephan -- England -- Nature. 2016 May 11;533(7602):191-9. doi: 10.1038/nature17450.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27172043" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 8
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    Impact of solar-induced stratospheric ozone decline on Southern Hemisphere westerlies during the Late Maunder Minimum (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-10-19
    Description: The Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds (SWW) constitute an important zonal circulation system that dominates the dynamics of the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes. In the present study, we analyze results from two transient simulations (1630–2000 AD) conducted with the coupled atmosphere-ocean model EGMAM (ECHO-G with Middle Atmosphere Model): one simulation with fixed stratospheric ozone concentration, and one with solar-induced variations in stratospheric ozone content. The results suggest that during periods of lower solar activity, the annual-mean SWW tend to get weaker on their poleward side and shift towards the equator. The SWW shift is more intense and robust for the simulation with varying stratospheric ozone, suggesting an important influence of solar-induced stratospheric ozone variations on mid-latitude troposphere dynamics. Finally, we present proxy evidence from a high-resolution marine sediment core from the Chilean continental slope (41°S), which strongly supports the model result of an equatorward displacement of the SWW during the Maunder Minimum.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perturbation approximation of 3-D seismic scattering (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 101 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: A method is presented for computing 3-D seismic wave scattering from a rough interface. The matrix method used is appropriate for direct implementation in existing propagator matrix-based seismogram synthesis programs. It is derived using a perturbation approach which requires interface height perturbations to be small relative to the wavelengths of scattered waves, and interface slope perturbations to be much less than unity. These validity conditions are based on an order-of-error analysis of the truncation of the perturbation series. These conditions are numerically investigated by comparison of frequency-wavenumber-domain and time domain perturbation results with those generated by a second-order finite difference method for several rough interface models with Gaussian autocorrelation functions. In the ω-k domain comparisons, the perturbation method is accurate for rms interface height deviations of less than about 10 per cent of the smallest wavelength in the scattered field. This result is independent of rms interface slope in the tested range of 0.037-0.99. Comparisons of seismograms generated by the two methods show that error does increase with increasing rms slope, but at half the rate of error growth with increasing height. Time-domain error is acceptable for rms height deviations of less than about 20 per cent and rms slopes of less than about 0.25. A 3-D scattering kernel is defined which facilitates analysis of 2- and 3-D scattered field results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1990.tb05579.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
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    Observations ofCo4+in a Higher Spin State and the Increase in the Seebeck Coefficient of ThermoelectricCa3Co4O9 (2012)
    American Physical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-05-08
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society
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