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  • 1
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    Isotopic data and relative biomasses of ground-dwelling generalist predators in pure and mixed stands of European beech, Norway spruce and non-native Douglas fir (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-22
    Description: The dataset contains calibrated isotopic data (∆13C, ∆15N) and relative biomasses of spiders and ground beetles, sampled in 2019 in Lower Saxony, Germany, within the RTG 2300 project "Enrichment of European beech forests with conifers". Arthropods were sampled with pitfall traps and identified to species level by Kriegel et al (2021) and Matevski and Schuldt (2023). Natural abundance isotopic ratios (δ13C, δ15N) were determined by the Centre for Stable Isotope Research Analysis at the University of Göttingen and thereafter calibrated with leaf litter isotopic ratios. Calibrated isotopic values (∆) were used to calculate multidimenional isotopic metrics, which were compared between different stand types and regions. The stand types were Douglas fir, beech-Douglas fir, beech, beech-spruce and spruce.
    Keywords: Area/locality; Beech forest; Biomass, relative; Calculated from linear regression; Carabidae; Date/Time of event; Date/Time of event 2; Douglas fir; Enrichment of European beech forests with conifers; Event label; Forest stand, type; isotope analysis; Isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS), Thermo Scientific, Delta plus XP; coupled with Elemental Analyzer (EA), CE Instruments, NA 1110; Laboratory experiment; LATITUDE; Location; Location ID; LONGITUDE; Northern Lower Saxony; Norway spruce; Pitfall trap; Plot; PTRAP; RTG2300; RTG2300_Dassel_2019; RTG2300_Goehrde_I_2019; RTG2300_Goehrde_II_2019; RTG2300_Harz_2019; RTG2300_Nienburg_2019; RTG2300_Nienover_2019; RTG2300_Unterluess_2019; RTG2300_Winnefeld_2019; Saxony; Southern Lower Saxony; Species; Species, unique identification (URI); spiders; Taxon/taxa; Δ13C; Δ15N
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5376 data points
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  • 2
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    RTG 2300 - Soil microbial communities (PLFA) in current and future forest stands of Central Europe (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-26
    Description: Microorganisms are the unseen majority in soil. To better understand the effects of forest management on microbial communities, we analyzed phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) from litter and soil of five forest types replicated at eight sites in the framework of the Research Training Group 2300. Samples were taken between November 2017 and January 2018. Soil cores of 5 cm diameter were taken by a metal cylinder, and were separated into litter, 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil depth. In each plot three cores spaced by 5 m were taken. Samples from the same depth were pooled, resulting in 120 samples (40 plots × 3 depths). The soil was sieved through 2 mm mesh, and the litter was cut into pieces (〈25 mm2). Roots 〉2 mm in diameter and stones were removed. Samples were stored at -20°C. To quantify the composition of PLFAs, lipids were extracted using a modified Bligh and Dyer method. Approximately 2 g of fresh litter and 4 g of fresh soil were used for the extraction. PLFA data provide a quantitative measure of the guild abundance and community structure of microorganisms in temperate regions of Central Europe.
    Keywords: biodiversity - ecosystem functioning; Dassel; DATE/TIME; Douglas fir; ELEVATION; Enrichment of European beech forests with conifers; European beech; Event label; Fatty acid, common name; forest soil; Germany; Goehrde_I; Goehrde_II; Harz; Identification; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; mixed forests; Modified Bligh and Dyer protocol, HPLC-MS analysis; Nienburg; Nienover; Norway spruce; phospholipid fatty acid; Phospholipid fatty acids; Plot; RTG2300; RTG2300-I; Soil horizon; Unterluess; VID; Visual identification; Winnefeld
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 33600 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    RTG 2300 - Soil microarthropods (Oribatida, Acari) in current and future forest stands of Central Europe (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-26
    Description: Soil mites are among the most abundant soil microarthropods in forests. To understand forest management effects on soil oribatid mites, we sampled Oribatida from the soil of five forest types replicated at eight sites. Animals were sampled by using a soil corer (ø 5 cm) between November 2017 and January 2018. One soil core was taken in each of the 40 forest stands with the samples taken between trees of the same (pure stands) or different species (mixed stands). Forest stands include five forest types replicated at eight sites in Lower Saxony. Each site comprised three pure stands of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco.) as well as two beech-conifer mixtures (European beech/Douglas fir and European beech/Norway spruce). Samples were separated into litter and 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil depths. Soil mites were extracted using high-gradient heat extraction. Animals were collected in 50 % diethylene glycol and then transferred into 70 % ethanol. Oribatida mites were identified using the key of Weigmann (2006). Numbers of Oribatida mites in the three sample depths were summed up. The data record the abundance and community structure of oribatid mites in temperate forests in Central Europe.
    Keywords: According to Weigmann (2006); biodiversity - ecosystem functioning; Dassel; DATE/TIME; Douglas fir; ELEVATION; Enrichment of European beech forests with conifers; European beech; Event label; forest soil; Germany; Goehrde_I; Goehrde_II; Harz; Identification; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; mites; mixed forests; Nienburg; Nienover; Norway spruce; Oribatida, abundance; Plot; RTG2300; RTG2300-I; see description in data abstract; Species; Unterluess; VID; Visual identification; Winnefeld
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 14400 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    RTG 2300 - Soil microarthropods (Collembola, Insecta) in current and future forest stands of Central Europe (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-07
    Description: Collembola in soil play vital roles in ecosystem functioning. To understand the effects of forest management effects on soil Collembola, we sampled Collembola from five forest types replicated at eight sites. Animals were sampled by using a soil corer (ø 5 cm) between November 2017 and January 2018. One soil core was taken in each of the 40 forest stands with the samples taken between trees of the same (pure stands) or different species (mixed stands). Each site comprised three pure stands of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco.) as well as two beech–conifer mixtures (European beech/Douglas fir and European beech/Norway spruce). Samples were separated into litter and 0–5 and 5–10 cm soil depth. Springtails were extracted using high-gradient heat extraction. Collembola were collected in 50 % diethylene glycol and then transferred into 70 % ethanol. Springtails were identified using the keys of Gisin (1960), Fjellberg (1998, 2007) and Hopkin (2007). Numbers of Collembola in the three sample depths were summed up. The data record their abundance and community structure in temperate forests of Central Europe.
    Keywords: biodiversity - ecosystem functioning; Collembola, abundance; Dassel; DATE/TIME; Douglas fir; ELEVATION; Enrichment of European beech forests with conifers; European beech; Event label; forest soil; Germany; Goehrde_I; Goehrde_II; Harz; Identification; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; mixed forests; Nienburg; Nienover; Norway spruce; Plot; RTG2300; RTG2300-I; see description in data abstract; Species; springtails; Unterluess; VID; Visual identification; Winnefeld
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5200 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Successive determination of praseodymium and ytterbium by coulometric complexometric titration (1982)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 54 (1982), S. 1119-1121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00244a022
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the group aspects of Riemann–Hilbert transformations (1992)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 33 (1992), S. 56-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: The more general algebraic structures of two-dimensional integrable systems are derived in a model independent manner by using the infinitesimal Riemann–Hilbert transformation. It is found that the resulting algebra decomposes into many families and, for each family, there is a Lie multialgebra structure. Examples of the chiral sigma models, four-dimensional self-dual Yang–Mills field, sine–Gordon, and Liouville equations and the BZ gravity are given with two special Lie products equipped therein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.529926
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hysteretic behavior of magnetic particles with dipole interaction (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 5558-5560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Energy barrier height and coercivity variation of a pair of interacting particles has been studied as a function of the bonding angle β for 0°≤β≤π/2 and applied field using the fixed step Monte Carlo simulation approach supplemented by the perturbation method. Coercivity Hc(β) of the system has local maxima at β=0 and π/2, and a global minimum at β(similar, equals)65°, and remains depressed compared to the noninteracting case for β≤30° at any temperature. The barrier height behaves similarly. Due to the random nature of distribution dipole interaction, on average, leads naturally to a reduction in coercivity and energy barrier height in comparison with the noninteracting case. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369894
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal relaxation, textural and sweep rate effects on reversible transverse susceptibility of magnetic particles (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 3323-3330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We investigated the effect of thermal relaxation on reversible transverse susceptibility (RTS), χ, of single domain Stoner–Wohlfarth particles. We studied such an effect as a function of the orientation β of the easy axis with respect to the drive field (the z axis) within a non-interacting bi-state model. At β=00 one prominent cusp occurs for both χt1 and χt2 along the direction perpendicular to the drive field at H(approximately-equal-to)HC〈HN (nucleation field) at high values KV/kBT (the ratio of the anisotropy energy versus thermal energy). The height of the cusp varies with β and reduces with decreasing values of KV/kBT. Correspondingly, the switching field distribution (SFD) becomes broadened with decreasing values of KV/kBT. The RTS may exhibit one, two, or three prominent cusps at high values of KV/kBT depending upon the textural distribution of the easy axes. For cos2 θ distribution of the easy axis about the x axis, y axis, and z axis there exists two, three, and one cusps, respectively. For random distribution of the easy axis in 2-D in the XZ and YZ plane there are one and three cusps, respectively, while there are three for random distribution in 3-D. Finally, we studied coercivity, RTS and SFD as a function of sweep rate. All these quantities are found to increase with sweeping frequency of the drive field. The peak field value of RTS is consistently the smallest of the three, while that of SFD is equal to or a shade larger than HC depending upon whether the hysteresis loop is rectangular or severely sheared. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358618
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field orientations and sweep rate effects on magnetic switching of Stoner–Wohlfarth particles (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 1726-1732 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Field angles and sweep rate dependence of coercivity of the Stoner–Wohlfarth (S-W) particles are studied based on the decay-rate model. An analytic expression of the hysteresis loops based on the model is obtained as a function of applied field for various frequencies at various field angles with respect to the easy axis. Variation of the coercivities versus the sweep rate (measurement frequency), field angles, anisotropy constant, activation volume, and the combination thereof, and the distribution of easy axis, etc., have been obtained. Comparison with the thermal-equilibrium and S-W hysteresis loops are made. Coercivities of such a system generally increase with increasing sweep rate, anisotropy constant and activation volume, etc., hence decreases with increasing sweeping period. As a function of the field angles, the coercivity curve turns flat with increasing field angles and sweeping period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358424
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversible transverse susceptibility of particulate recording media : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 5499-5501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The response of a system to an infinitesimal perturbation becomes singular if the system changes its degree of metastability, i.e., if it has an inflection point. This theory is used to calculate the reversible transverse susceptibility χt of a single domain particle executing a major hysteresis loop under the influence of a field H(t) applied at an angle β to the easy axis. Thermal relaxation is taken into account and the response of the nonequilibrium system to the infinitesimal field h(t)=h sin ωt, h⊥H, is found. The resultant χt is studied as a function of β, temperature, and of the frequency Ω of the biasing field H.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355669
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