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Electronic Resource

Isopod assemblages in the Straits of Magellan: structural and functional aspects (1997)

Lorenti, Maurizio ; Mariani, Simone

Springer

Polar biology 18 (1997), S. 254-259

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ISSN: 1432-2056

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Isopod crustaceans were found to constitute a substantial fraction of the zoobenthos collected in the course of a survey carried on in the Straits of Magellan during austral summer 1991. Twenty-four species and 637 individuals were found. The highest abundance and diversity within the taxocoene were recorded from the eastern areas of the straits. An analysis of population and trophic characteristics was conducted, in particular on a conspicuous sample from a site dominated by a mollusc thanatocoenosis. At this site, parameters such as size range of individuals and number of ovigerous females were estimated as indicative of a well-established population. Trophic structure was dominated by functional plant- and plant detritus-feeders. Cryptic requirements and trophic habits of most species appeared to be satisfied under conditions of enhanced habitat complexity and/or spatial patchiness. It is hypothesized that spatial heterogeneity acts on isopod distribution at different scales. The role of hydrodynamism is briefly discussed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050186

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Data of photosynthesis and mineralogy of Jania rubens at low pH/high pCO2 (2019)

Porzio, Lucia ; Buia, Maria-Cristina ; Ferretti, Viviana ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

In: Supplement to: Porzio, Lucia; Buia, Maria-Cristina; Ferretti, Viviana; Lorenti, Maurizio; Rossi, Manuela; Trifuoggi, Marco; Vergara, Alessandro; Arena, Carmen (2018): Photosynthesis and mineralogy of Jania rubens at low pH/high pCO2: A future perspective. Science of the Total Environment, 628-629, 375-383, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.065

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Publication Date: 2023-01-13

Description: Corallinales (Rhodophyta) are high Mg-calcite macroalgae and are considered among the most vulnerable organisms to ocean acidification (OA). These sensitive species play fundamental roles in coastal systems as food source and settlement promoters as well as being involved in reef stabilization, and water carbonate balance. At present only a few studies are focused on erect calcifying macroalgae under low pH/high pCO2 and the contrasting results make difficult to predict the ecological consequences of the OA on the coralline algae. In this paper the physiological reasons behind the resistance of Jania rubens, one of the most common calcareous species, to changing ocean pH are analysed. In particular, we studied the photosynthetic and mineralogical response of J. rubens after a three-week transplant in a natural CO2 vent system. The overall results showed that J. rubens could be able to survive under predicted pH conditions even though with a reduced fitness; nevertheless physiological limits prevent the growth and survival of the species at pH 6.7. At low pH (i.e. pH 7.5), the maximum and effective PSII efficiency decreased even if the increase of Rubisco expression suggests a compensation effort of the species to cope with the decreased light-driven products. In these circumstances, a pH-driven bleaching phenomenon was also observed. Even though the photosynthesis decreased at low pH, J. rubens maintained unchanged the mineralogical composition and the carbonate content in the cell wall, suggesting that the calcification process may also have a physiological relevance in addition to a structural and/or a protective role. Further studies will confirm the hypotheses on the functional and evolutionary role of the calcification process in coralline algae and on the ecological consequences of the community composition changes under high pCO2 oceans.

Keywords: Castello_Aragonese; Effective photochemical quantum yield; Electron transport rate, relative; EXP; Experiment; Irradiance; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II; Non photochemical quenching; RuBisCO protein expression; Treatment

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 855 data points

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Metabolic responses to high pCO2 conditions at a CO2 vent site in juveniles of a marine isopod species assemblage (2016)

Turner, Lucy M ; Ricevuto, Elena ; Massa Gallucci, Alexia ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

In: Supplement to: Turner, Lucy M; Ricevuto, Elena; Massa Gallucci, Alexia; Lorenti, Maurizio; Gambi, Maria Cristina; Calosi, Piero (2016): Metabolic responses to high pCO2 conditions at a CO2 vent site in juveniles of a marine isopod species assemblage. Marine Biology, 163(10), https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-016-2984-x

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Publication Date: 2024-03-15

Description: We are starting to understand the relationship between metabolic rate responses and species' ability to respond to exposure to high pCO2. However, most of our knowledge has come from investigations of single species. The examination of metabolic responses of closely related species with differing distributions around natural elevated CO2 areas may be useful to inform our understanding of their adaptive significance. Furthermore, little is known about the physiological responses of marine invertebrate juveniles to high pCO2, despite the fact they are known to be sensitive to other stressors, often acting as bottlenecks for future species success. We conducted an in situ transplant experiment using juveniles of isopods found living inside and around a high pCO2 vent (Ischia, Italy): the CO2 'tolerant' Dynamene bifida and 'sensitive' Cymodoce truncata and Dynamene torelliae. This allowed us to test for any generality of the hypothesis that pCO2 sensitive marine invertebrates may be those that experience trade-offs between energy metabolism and cellular homoeostasis under high pCO2 conditions. Both sensitive species were able to maintain their energy metabolism under high pCO2 conditions, but in C. truncata this may occur at the expense of [carbonic anhydrase], confirming our hypothesis. By comparison, the tolerant D. bifida appeared metabolically well adapted to high pCO2, being able to upregulate ATP production without recourse to anaerobiosis. These isopods are important keystone species; however, given they differ in their metabolic responses to future pCO2, shifts in the structure of the marine ecosystems they inhabit may be expected under future ocean acidification conditions.

Keywords: Adenosine 5-Triphosphate, standard error; Adenosine triphosphate, per unit protein; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Arthropoda; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard error; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard error; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbonic anhydrase activity, per protein; Carbonic anhydrase activity, standard error; Castello_Aragonese_south; CO2 vent; Coast and continental shelf; Cymodoce truncata; Dynamene bifida; Dynamene torelliae; Event label; EXP; Experiment; Field experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); L-lactate; L-lactate, standard error; Mediterranean Sea; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Registration number of species; Replicates; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; San_Pietro_promontory; Single species; Species; St_Anna_rocks; Station label; Survival; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 930 data points

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Data of ecophysiological response of Jania rubens (Corallinaceae) to ocean acidification (2019)

Porzio, Lucia ; Buia, Maria-Cristina ; Lorenti, Maurizio ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

In: Supplement to: Porzio, Lucia; Buia, Maria-Cristina; Lorenti, Maurizio; Vitale, Ermenegilda; Amitrano, Chiara; Arena, Carmen (2018): Ecophysiological response of Jania rubens (Corallinaceae) to ocean acidification. Rendiconti Lincei-Scienze Fisiche E Naturali, 29, 543-546, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12210-018-0719-2

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Publication Date: 2024-05-24

Description: Coralline algae (Rhodophyta) play a key role in promoting settlement of other benthic organisms, being the food source for herbivores, being involved in the stabilization of reef networks, and in carbonate production. They are considered a vulnerable group to ocean acidification due to the potential dissolution of their high-Mg calcite skeleton at lower pH. Nevertheless, different species of coralline algae showed different responses to low-pH/high-pCO2 environment. Here, we studied the physiological response of Jania rubens to the pH condition predicted for the year 2100. We used a natural CO2 vent system as natural laboratory to transplant J. rubens from pH 8.1–7.5 for 3 weeks. Maximal PSII photochemical efficiency showed a significant reduction in transplanted thalli at low pH (7.5-T) compared to other conditions; consistent with that result, also the pigments involved in the light-harvesting spectrum of J. rubens (i.e., chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phycobilins), exhibited a significant decrease under water acidification, highlighting the strong sensitivity of this species to the environmental change. A major understanding of the response of coralline algae at high CO2 will go through the impact of OA on benthic ecosystems in the next future. This contribution is the written, peer-reviewed version of a paper presented at the Conference “Changes and Crises in the Mediterranean Sea” held at Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei in Rome on October 17, 2017.

Keywords: Carotenoids; Chlorophyll total, per mass; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II; Phycocyanin; Phycoerythrin; Polyphenols, total, per fresh mass; Thallus carbonates, per dry mass; Treatment

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 218 data points

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Seawater carbonate chemistry and carbon and nitrogen allocation strategy in Posidonia oceanica (2017)

Scartazza, Andrea ; Moscatello, Stefano ; Gavrichkova, Olga ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

In: Supplement to: Scartazza, Andrea; Moscatello, Stefano; Gavrichkova, Olga; Buia, Maria-Cristina; Lauteri, Marco; Battistelli, Alberto; Lorenti, Maurizio; Garrard, Samantha Laird; Calfapietra, Carlo; Brugnoli, Enrico (2017): Carbon and nitrogen allocation strategy in Posidonia oceanica is altered by seawater acidification. Science of the Total Environment, 607-608, 954-964, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.084

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Publication Date: 2024-05-24

Description: Rising atmospheric CO2 causes ocean acidification that represents one of the major ecological threats for marine biota. We tested the hypothesis that long-term exposure to increased CO2 level and acidification in a natural CO2 vent system alters carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolism in Posidonia oceanica L. (Delile), affecting its resilience, or capability to restore the physiological homeostasis, and the nutritional quality of organic matter available for grazers. Seawater acidification decreased the C to N ratio in P. oceanica tissues and increased grazing rate, shoot density, leaf proteins and asparagine accumulation in rhizomes, while the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II was unaffected. The 13C-dilution in both structural and non-structural C metabolites in the acidified site indicated quali-quantitative changes of C source and/or increased isotopic fractionation during C uptake and carboxylation associated with the higher CO2 level. The decreased C:N ratio in the acidified site suggests an increased N availability, leading to a greater storage of 15N-enriched compounds in rhizomes. The amount of the more dynamic C storage form, sucrose, decreased in rhizomes of the acidified site in response to the enhanced energy demand due to higher shoot recruitment and N compound synthesis, without affecting starch reserves. The ability to modulate the balance between stable and dynamic C reserves could represent a key ecophysiological mechanism for P. oceanica resilience under environmental perturbation. Finally, alteration in C and N dynamics promoted a positive contribution of this seagrass to the local food web.

Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Asparagine, per dry mass; Asparagine, per dry mass, standard error; Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Carbohydrates, non structural; Carbohydrates, non structural, standard error; Carbon; Carbon, standard error; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, standard error; CO2 vent; Coast and continental shelf; EXP; Experiment; Field observation; Glutamic acid, per dry mass; Glutamic acid, standard error; Glutamine, per dry mass; Glutamine, per dry mass, standard error; Holocellulose, per dry mass; Holocellulose, standard error; Ischia_OA; Lignin, per dry mass; Lignin, standar error; Location; Mediterranean Sea; Nitrogen, per dry mass; Nitrogen, standard error; Nitrogen, total; Nitrogen content, per dry mass, standard error; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Plantae; Posidonia oceanica; Proteins, soluble; Proteins, soluble, standard error; Proteins, total; Proteins, total, standard error; Registration number of species; Replicate; Seagrass; Shoot density; Shoot density, standard error; Single species; Species; Starch; Starch, standard error; Sucrose, per dry mass; Sucrose, standard error; Temperate; Tracheophyta; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; δ13C; δ13C, standard error; δ15N; δ15N, standard error

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 414 data points

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