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  • 1
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    The occurrence of Mt Barca flank eruption in the evolution of the NW periphery of Etna volcano (Italy) (2008)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Geological surveys, tephrostratigraphic study, and 40Ar/39Ar age determinations have allowed us to chronologically constrain the geological evolution of the lower NW flank of Etna volcano and to reconstruct the eruptive style of the Mt Barca flank eruption. This peripheral sector of the Mt Etna edifice, corresponding to the upper Simeto valley, was invaded by the Ellittico volcano lava flows between 41 and 29 ka ago when the Mt Barca eruption occurred. The vent of this flank eruption is located at about 15 km away from the summit craters, close to the town of Bronte. The Mt Barca eruption was characterized by a vigorous explosive activity that produced pyroclastic deposits dispersed eastward and minor effusive activity with the emission of a 1.1-km-long lava flow. Explosive activity was characterized by a phreatomagmatic phase followed by a magmatic one. The geological setting of this peripheral sector of the volcano favors the interaction between the rising magma and the shallow groundwater hosted in the volcanic pile resting on the impermeable sedimentary basement. This process produced phreatomagmatic activity in the first phase of the eruption, forming a pyroclastic fall deposit made of high-density, poorly vesicular scoria lapilli and lithic clasts. Conversely, during the second phase, a typical strombolian fall deposit formed. In terms of hazard assessment, the possible occurrence of this type of highly explosive flank eruption, at lower elevation in the densely inhabited areas, increases the volcanic risk in the Etnean region and widens the already known hazard scenario.
    Description: INGV-DPC V3_6 project UR V3_6/07
    Description: In press
    Description: on line first
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Etna volcano ; unconformity ; tephostratigraphy ; 40Ar/39Ar age determination ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    SEM-based methods for the analysis of basaltic ash from weak explosive activity at Etna in 2006 and the 2007 eruptive crisis at Stromboli (2012)
    Pergamon
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present results from a semi-automated field-emission scanning electron microscope investigation of basaltic ash from a variety of eruptive processes that occurred at Mount Etna volcano in 2006 and at Stromboli volcano in 2007. From a methodological perspective, the proposed techniques provide relatively fast (about 4 h per sample) information on the size distribution, morphology, and surface chemistry of several hundred ash particles. Particle morphology is characterized by compactness and elongation parameters, and surface chemistry data are shown using ternary plots of the relative abundance of several key elements. The obtained size distributions match well those obtained by an independent technique. The surface chemistry data efficiently characterize the chemical composition, type and abundance of crystals, and dominant alteration phases in the ash samples. From a volcanological perspective, the analyzed samples cover a wide spectrum of relatively minor ash-forming eruptive activity, including weak Hawaiian fountaining at Etna, and lava-sea water interaction, weak Strombolian explosions, vent clearing activity, and a paroxysm during the 2007 eruptive crisis at Stromboli. This study outlines subtle chemical and morphological differences in the ash deposited at different locations during the Etna event, and variable alteration patterns in the surface chemistry of the Stromboli samples specific to each eruptive activity. Overall, we show this method to be effective in quantifying the main features of volcanic ash particles from the relatively weak – and yet frequent – explosive activity occurring at basaltic volcanoes.
    Description: NL thanks generous support from the National Science Foundation International Postdoctoral Research Program, grant OISE- 0754423. Funding was partially provided by FIRB-MIUR Project ‘‘Research and Development of New Technologies for Protection and Defense of Territory from Natural Risks’’.
    Description: Published
    Description: 113-127
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: ash ; morphology ; chemistry ; Etna ; Stromboli ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Implementazione di una nuova procedura per caratterizzare la forma di particelle mediante misure al CAMSIZER e algoritmi di clustering (2012)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this work we present the calibration phase of a new procedure for the characterization of the shape of pyroclastic particles. This research has been granted by INGV of Catania, with funds deriving from the “Progetto Giovani”, in collaboration with Retsch Technology in Haan. The innovation of this procedure arises from the use of CAMSIZER (an instrument developed by the German leader company). This instrument permits to obtain very important information both on size and shape parameters of a high number of particles (hundreds of thousands data). Moreover, we used clustering and classification algorithms in order to group particles according to their morphologic characteristics. This calibration phase has been tested only on standard materials with regular geometries such as cubes, spheres and cylinders. In the future we will apply this methodology to volcanic ash particles that, as well-known, are characterized by irregular morphologies.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-19
    Description: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: shape analysis, CAMSIZER, instruments, volcanic particles, standards, pyroclastic rocks, ashes, lapilli, clustering, ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.02. Cellular automata, fuzzy logic, genetic alghoritms, neural networks ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.04. Statistical analysis ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.05. Algorithms and implementation
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Eruption dynamics and tephra dispersal from the 24 November 2006 paroxysm at South-East Crater, Mt Etna, Italy (2015)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Between 30 August and 15 December 2006,Mt Etna, Italy, underwent both effusive and explosive activity which took place fromthe South-East Crater, one of its summit craters. Several paroxysmal episodes followed in succession, separated by a fewdays of minor activity and characterised by dissimilar explosive style and intensity. Here, we report one of the most studied and powerful episodes, which started early in the morning on 24 November 2006 and lasted about 13 h. Excellent weather conditions enabled reconstructing in detail the onset and evolution of the eruptive phenomena both by live-camera recordings and direct observations. The explosive activity consisted of powerful Strombolian activity alternating with short periods of lava fountains. A weak volcanic plume rose up to ~2 km above the volcanic vent, followed by tephra fallout which covered the SE and S flanks of Etna. Campaigns allowed collecting about 40 tephra samples and mapping the fallout deposit. The clockwise shifting of the volcanic plume during the eruption caused the different timing of the fallout on the ground, thus widening the dispersal area. Voronoi's method was used to evaluate: i) the total grain-size distribution, indicating that the fallout deposit peaked at 1 ϕ, and, for the first time at Etna, ii) the total componentry distribution, finding thatmost of the particles were lithics, with a low proportion of juvenile vs. lithics (34:65). The total erupted mass was estimated ~1.9 × 108 kg, corresponding to a mass eruption rate of ~5 × 103 kg s−1. Physical parameters and textural features of the erupted products suggest that the 24 November 2006 explosive event may be classified as small-sized in the recent history of Etna, and that the eruptive dynamicwasmainly governed by magma/gas decoupling, which produced relatively fine-grained fallout deposits containing unusual elongated sideromelane ash particles.
    Description: Published
    Description: 78-91
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: tephra deposit ; Etna eruption ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    The 2010 ash emissions at the summit craters of Mt Etna: Relationship with seismo-acoustic signals (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Mt Etna volcano (Italy) typically generates lava fountains and Strombolian eruptions from the summit craters, producing significant emissions of tephra which may cause moderate to high impact both in the atmosphere and on the ground. However, we have also witnessed a number of minor ash emissions that, although far less powerful, may pose considerable volcanic hazards. In this paper, we deal with three ash emissions occurring in 2010 (8 April at Southeast Crater, 25 August at Bocca Nuova, and 14–15 November at Northeast Crater), correlating their volcanological features with the associated seismoacoustic signals. We provide details regarding the chronology, eruption column, dispersal of the deposit, and texture (grain size, componentry and morphology) of the emitted ash. Each eruptive episode has also been characterized by means of seismo-acoustic analyses evaluating the volcanic acoustic-seismic ratio (VASR). Furthermore, the source of volcanic tremor recorded from March to December 2010 was localized. The joint volcanological and seismo-acoustic analyses allowed distinguishing two main kinds of ash emissions: types a (8 April and 25 August) and b (14–15 November). Regarding the former, the accumulation of gas below a dense cap rock obstructing the conduit vent, giving rise, with the uncorking, to impulsive explosivity, was hypothesized. The latter type instead is characterized by a longer-lasting and less explosivity, likely due to the existence of open conduit conditions. Therefore, type b ash emissions are less hazardous than type a. This simple model, regarding minor explosive activity, may constitute a starting point to assess the volcanic risk from unexpected explosions.
    Description: Published
    Description: 51-70
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Mt Etna ; seismo-acoustic signals ; ash emissions ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    The Mt. Moio eruption (Etna): Stratigraphy, petrochemistry and 40Ar/39Ar age determination with inferences on the relationship between structural setting and magma intrusion (2012)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Mt. Moio is the most peripheral scoria cone of Etna volcano and rises above the Peloritani Mountains sedimentary basement, 18 km north of the volcano summit. Geological and tephrostratigraphic studies and 40Ar/39Ar age determinations were used to characterize the eruption and constrain its occurrence to ~ 29 ka ago, during the activity of the Ellittico volcano, the volcanic edifice active before the actual one, the Mongibello volcano. The Mt. Moio eruption formed a large scoria cone and a widespread tephra fallout deposit, indicating that vigorous explosive activity produced an eruptive plume; minor effusive activity produced a small lava flow at the end of the eruption. Geochemical data indicate that the composition of erupted magma became less evolved during the eruption (mugearite → basalt–hawaiite); thus Mt. Moio deposits have been divided into Lower and Upper Sequences characterized by similar depositional facies. Based on the classification of Etna flank eruptions available in the literature, Mt. Moio can be classed as an eccentric (sensu Rittmann) and Class B eruption. Historic flank eruptions (e.g. 1669, 1763, 2001, 2002–03) formed deposits that are petrochemically and stratigraphically similar to those of Mt. Moio. The general trend of the Mt. Moio eruptive fissure corresponds to that of extensional neotectonic lineaments in the Apenninic–Maghrebian Chain, indicating that the structure of the basement played a role in controlling the ascent of the volatile-rich magma during Ellittico volcano activity.
    Description: Published
    Description: 49-60
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Etna Volcano ; Tephrostratigraphy ; 40Ar/39Ar age determination ; Flank eruption ; Magma intrusion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    The occurrence of Mt Barca flank eruption in the evolution of the NW periphery of Etna volcano (Italy) (2008)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-04-08
    Print ISSN: 0258-8900
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0819
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
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    The iron-catalysed surface reactivity and health-pertinent physical characteristics of explosive volcanic ash from Mt. Etna, Italy (2017)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-17
    Electronic ISSN: 2191-5040
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
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    The 2010 ash emissions at the summit craters of Mt Etna: Relationship with seismo-acoustic signals (2013)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-01
    Print ISSN: 2169-9313
    Electronic ISSN: 2169-9356
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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