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  • 1
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    Asymptomatic deer excrete infectious prions in faeces (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-09-11
    Description: Infectious prion diseases-scrapie of sheep and chronic wasting disease (CWD) of several species in the deer family-are transmitted naturally within affected host populations. Although several possible sources of contagion have been identified in excretions and secretions from symptomatic animals, the biological importance of these sources in sustaining epidemics remains unclear. Here we show that asymptomatic CWD-infected mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) excrete CWD prions in their faeces long before they develop clinical signs of prion disease. Intracerebral inoculation of irradiated deer faeces into transgenic mice overexpressing cervid prion protein (PrP) revealed infectivity in 14 of 15 faecal samples collected from five deer at 7-11 months before the onset of neurological disease. Although prion concentrations in deer faeces were considerably lower than in brain tissue from the same deer collected at the end of the disease, the estimated total infectious dose excreted in faeces by an infected deer over the disease course may approximate the total contained in a brain. Prolonged faecal prion excretion by infected deer provides a plausible natural mechanism that might explain the high incidence and efficient horizontal transmission of CWD within deer herds, as well as prion transmission among other susceptible cervids.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3186440/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3186440/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tamguney, Gultekin -- Miller, Michael W -- Wolfe, Lisa L -- Sirochman, Tracey M -- Glidden, David V -- Palmer, Christina -- Lemus, Azucena -- DeArmond, Stephen J -- Prusiner, Stanley B -- AG02132/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG002132/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG002132-26/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG002132-29/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Sep 24;461(7263):529-32. doi: 10.1038/nature08289. Epub 2009 Sep 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143 USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19741608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Biological Assay ; Brain/metabolism ; Deer/*metabolism ; Feces/*chemistry ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; PrPSc Proteins/isolation & purification/*metabolism/*pathogenicity/radiation ; effects ; Time Factors ; Wasting Disease, Chronic/*metabolism/*transmission
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Infectious prions in the saliva and blood of deer with chronic wasting disease (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-10-07
    Description: A critical concern in the transmission of prion diseases, including chronic wasting disease (CWD) of cervids, is the potential presence of prions in body fluids. To address this issue directly, we exposed cohorts of CWD-naive deer to saliva, blood, or urine and feces from CWD-positive deer. We found infectious prions capable of transmitting CWD in saliva (by the oral route) and in blood (by transfusion). The results help to explain the facile transmission of CWD among cervids and prompt caution concerning contact with body fluids in prion infections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mathiason, Candace K -- Powers, Jenny G -- Dahmes, Sallie J -- Osborn, David A -- Miller, Karl V -- Warren, Robert J -- Mason, Gary L -- Hays, Sheila A -- Hayes-Klug, Jeanette -- Seelig, Davis M -- Wild, Margaret A -- Wolfe, Lisa L -- Spraker, Terry R -- Miller, Michael W -- Sigurdson, Christina J -- Telling, Glenn C -- Hoover, Edward A -- N01-AI-25491/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Oct 6;314(5796):133-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biological Sciences (CVMBS), Colorado State University (CSU), Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17023660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Chemistry ; Cohort Studies ; *Deer/blood ; Feces/chemistry ; Lymphoid Tissue/chemistry ; Prions/*analysis/*blood/urine ; Saliva/*chemistry ; Wasting Disease, Chronic/blood/*metabolism/*transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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