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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge-exchange neutral particle measurement in MeV energy range on JT-60U : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 339-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A charge-exchange neutral particle analyzer for the measurement of the MeV energy range ions produced by nuclear fusion or radio frequency heating has been developed and installed in JT-60U. Neutral particles entering the analyzer are ionized with a carbon foil of thickness 400 A(ring). The energy and mass of the stripped ions are resolved by magnetic and electrostatic fields (E(parallel)B type). The analyzer has eight CsI(Tl) scintillator detectors. The energy range is 0.5–4 MeV for 4He0, the dynamic range is 4.08 and the energy resolution is 6%–11%. The detection efficiency for 4He0 with energy above 1 MeV is 30%–40%. A pulse height analysis (PHA) with 16 channels was adopted to distinguish particle signals from noise arising from neutrons, γ rays and optical lights emitted by JT-60U plasmas. The validity of the PHA was confirmed in a calibration experiment using a neutron source and in a high power heating experiment in JT-60U. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146405
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fusion gamma-ray measurements for D–3He experiments at JT-60U : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 877-880 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Fusion gamma rays were measured in D–3He experiments using negative ion-based neutral beam injection (N-NBI) in reverse shear plasmas of the JT-60 tokamak. 3He gas was puffed at plasma initiation and just before N-NB injection. The D–3He reaction produces 3.6 MeV alphas and 14.7 MeV protons, but there is also a small branch which provides 5Li and 16.7 MeV gamma rays. The total D–3He reaction rate can be evaluated from measurement of gamma rays of the 3He (d,γ) 5Li reactions using a 3 in. diam by 3 in. long Bi4Ge3O12 scintillator. The gamma-ray detector was located 17 m below the plasma center and measured the gamma-rays in a vertical line of sight. The detector was mounted inside a heavy collimator with polyethylene and lead shielding. The floor penetration, a 4×8 cm2 hole, was used as a precollimator. Energy calibration of the detector was done with photopeaks for neutron capture gamma rays from the structural materials in D–D discharges. The detection efficiency was calculated with Monte Carlo code MCNP-4B for 16.7 MeV gammas. The pulse height analysis of the gamma rays resulted in the D–3He fusion power of 110±30 kW in this experiment. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1321004
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared TV measurement of fast ion loss on JT-60U : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 594-596 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Toroidal field (TF) ripple transport, wave-particle interaction, and large magnetohydrodynamic modes can enhance fast ion losses and result in localized heat deposition on the first wall. Two-dimensional (2D) thermal measurement on the first wall provides useful information concerning these fast ion behaviors. In this article, we focus on the application of the 2D measurement with an infrared TV camera to TF ripple loss study. The content is (1) the 2D heat flux profile on the wall due to ripple loss, (2) the effects of the radial electric field, and (3) the ICRF effect on TF ripple loss. These experimental data demonstrate a great potential of infrared thermography in fast ion behavior study. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146297
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent progress in high performance and steady-state experiments on the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokamak-60 Upgrade with W-shaped divertor : The 40th annual meeting of the division of plasma physics of the american physical society (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 6 (1999), S. 1935-1942 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) Tokamak-60 Upgrade [H. Shirai and the JT-60 Team, Phys. Plasmas 5, 1712 (1998)], high performance and steady-state experiments have been conducted in the W-shaped divertor. The equivalent deuterium-tritium (D-T) fusion multiplication factor, QDTeq, was enhanced transiently up to 1.25 in the reversed shear plasma. The reduction in particle diffusivity in the internal transport barriers (ITB) region of the reversed shear plasma was confirmed as well as the thermal diffusivity. It was also confirmed that the correlation length of density fluctuations is reduced inside the ITB of density. The performance with a confinement-enhancement factor (H-factor, H89) of 2.2 and QDTeq of 0.16 was sustained in a quasi-steady-state in the high-poloidal-beta (βp) and high confinement mode (H-mode) regime. The reversed shear configuration with ITBs was sustained by injecting the lower-hybrid waves combined with neutral beam injection and fully noninductive current drive in the reversed shear plasmas was realized for the first time. The driven current by the negative-ion-based neutral beam (NNB) injection increased up to 0.6 MA. The H-mode transition was triggered with the NNB injection and the H-mode with H89∼1.6–1.8 was sustained. The toroidicity-induced Alfvén eigenmode was excited for a volume-averaged fast ion beta, 〈βh〉, as low as ∼0.1%. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873450
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The diffusion of fast ions in Ohmic TFTR discharges (1991)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 3 (1991), S. 3167-3170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Short duration (20 msec) neutral deuterium beams are injected into the TFTR tokamak [Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1986 (IAEA, Vienna, 1987), Vol. I, p. 51]. The subsequent confinement, thermalization, and diffusion of the beam ions are studied with multichannel neutron and charge exchange diagnostics. The central fast-ion diffusion (〈0.05 m2/sec ) is an order of magnitude smaller than typical thermal transport coefficients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.859796
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compact and wide-range charge-exchange neutral particle analyzer with an acceleration tube : Eight topical conference on high-temperature plasma diagnostics (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 3107-3109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An E//B type neutral particle analyzer with an acceleration tube between a stripping cell and a deflection magnet has been developed to measure ion energy distributions in a wide energy range from thermal ions to fast ions up to several hundred kiloelectron volts simultaneously without making the analyzer size large. In the acceleration tube, ions are accelerated up to the detectable energy before coming into the deflection magnetic field. The acceleration method enables us to detect low-energy ions even for a strong deflection magnetic field to measure high-energy ions. Calibration experiments confirmed that ions were well accelerated according to expectation without degrading the abilities of the analyzer. The energy dynamic range Emax/Emin was improved up to 100 by the acceleration method. Using the analyzer, ion energy distributions have been measured in various heating experiments of JT-60.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141696
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion temperature measurements on JT-60 using He beam scattering (invited) (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1652-1657 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In order to measure the ion temperature of the JT-60 tokamak, we have developed a Rutherford scattering system using a helium atom beam. A positive-ion beam generated by an ion source which has a capability of beam energy 200 keV and drain current 3.5 A is converted to a helium atom beam by collision with cold helium gas. The He atom beam, equivalent to 0.6 A, reaches the center of the vacuum chamber of the JT-60 tokamak. The scattering angle is 7.0°. Scattered helium atoms are analyzed by an E(parallel)B-type neutral particle energy analyzer with a gas stripping cell. This scattering system has been applied to investigate additionally heated plasmas by the method of neutral beam injection (NBI), ion cyclotron wave (ICRH), lower hybrid wave (LHRH), and combined heating of NBI+LHRH or ICRH in a parameter range of Bt=4.0 to 4.5 T, Ip=1.0 to 3.2 MA, and n¯e(approximately-less-than)1×1020 m−3. The ion temperatures obtained by the system are consistent with those measured by Doppler broadenings of Ti xxi and Ti xxii resonance lines. To investigate the influence of ion temperature and density profiles and the beam component of NBI heating on the determination of ion temperature, we have evaluated an energy spectrum of scattered atoms by using a simulation code. The result shows that in JT-60 plasmas the beam component hardly exerts an important influence on the determination of ion temperature by this diagnostic system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140124
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of steady-state and perturbative transport coefficients in TFTR (1991)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 3 (1991), S. 2315-2323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Steady-state and perturbative transport analysis are complementary techniques for the study of transport in tokamaks. These techniques are applied to the investigation of auxiliary-heated L-mode and supershot plasmas in the tokamak fusion test reactor (TFTR) [R. J. Hawryluk et al., Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Proceedings of the 11th International Conference, Kyoto, 1986 (IAEA, Vienna, 1987), Vol. 1, p. 51.]. In the L mode, both steady-state and perturbative transport measurements reveal a strong temperature dependence that is consistent with electrostatic microinstability theory and the degradation of confinement with neutral beam power. Steady-state analysis of the ion heat and momentum balance in supershots indicates a reduction and a significant weakening of the power-law dependence on the transport in the center of the discharge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.859598
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Confined alpha particle diagnostics in JT-60U : Eighth topical conference on high-temperature plasma diagnostics (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 3220-3222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In reactor-grade tokamaks, it is important to investigate confinement properties of alpha particles. A double charge-exchange method using a high-energy probing beam is considered to be the most reliable one in diagnostic methods proposed for the measurement. In JT-60U, an alpha particle production experiment by D-3He ICRF heating will be performed to study the behavior of fusion product alphas. The alpha particle measurement is planned using a helium diagnostic beam (200 keV) and a mass-resolved neutral particle energy analyzer. The expected flux and spectral shape were evaluated by taking into account multistep ionization of helium beam atoms and neutralized alphas. The beam energy is lower than desirable for measuring fast confined alphas near the birth energy. However, by using the beam system, it has been found from the evaluation that we can investigate the confinement properties of fusion product alphas from the spectral shape. And also such a system using a present-day He beam is useful to diagnose behavior of confined alphas in reactor-grade tokamak such as ITER.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141639
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and morphogenesis of mouse prostate epithelial cells in collagen gel matrix culture
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cell Biology International Reports 13 (1989), S. 569-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 0309-1651
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0309-1651(89)90104-5
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