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  • 1
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    A 190-ka biomarker record revealing interactions between sea ice, Atlantic Water inflow and ice sheet activity in eastern Fram Strait (2018)
    In:  EPIC3arktos, 4(1), pp. 22, ISSN: 2364-9453
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geographic structure of chloroplast DNA polymorphisms in European oaks (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1993), S. 122-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Quercus petraea ; Q. robur ; Q. pubescens ; Diversity ; Bootstrap ; Autocorrelation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chloroplast DNA polymorphisms have been detected by the conventional Southern-blotting hybridization method in four species of European oaks (Quercus petraea, Q. robur, Q. pubescens and Q. pyrenaica). Three polymorphisms, shared by at least three of these species, can be scored directly in ethidium bromidestained gels and were used in a broad survey of the level of differentiation of the oak species and of their pattern of genetic structure in western Europe. The highly significant geographic variation and the high genetic differentiation (Gst=0.895, SGst=0.025) indicate a low level of cytoplasmic gene flow. We conclude that cytoplasmic genomes are well suited for the reconstruction of past migrational routes of such a complex of species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223755
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The beta-binomial model for estimating heritabilities of binary traits (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 544-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Simulation ; Genetic response ; Family mean heritability ; Sib analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Calculations of individual narrow-sense heritability and family mean heritability of a binary trait in stochastically simulated sib trials in completely randomized block experiments showed that in some situations estimates of “realized” heritabilities obtained from the mixed linear threshold model could be improved by application of a proposed beta-binomial model. The proposed model adopts the beta-binomial as the conjugate-prior for the distribution of probabilities of observing the binary trait in a genetic entry. Estimation of the beta parameters allows an estimation of selection response and, by linkage to a threshold model for the individual observations, the desired heritabilities can be obtained. The average bias in the betabinomial estimates of heritability and family mean heritability was less than 2%. Improvements over existing procedures were especially manifest at heritabilities above 0.3 and at low overall probabilities of observing the trait (p 〈 0.30). The lowest root mean square errors were consistently obtained with the algorithm proposed by Harville and Mee (1984). The beta-binomial framework, although restricted to a single random additive genetic effect, further facilitates general analysis, estimation of selection response, and calculation of reliable family mean heritability. Intraclass correlations can be estimated directly from the beta-binomial parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222986
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of the specific combining ability between two species of Eucalyptus.I. RAPD data (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 796-803 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words RAPD ; Genetic distances ; Heterosisbreeding ; Prediction ; Eucalyptus ; Interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Within the context of the reciprocal recurrent selection scheme developed in 1989 by CIRAD-Forêt on Eucalyptus, RAPD essays were performed to assess the genetic diversity in the two species E. urophylla and E. grandis. The molecular markers were split into two parts: the specific markers (present with different frequencies in the two species) and the common markers (present with similar frequencies in the two species). The study analyses the structure of genetic diversity within and between the two species of Eucalyptus. Different genetic distances are worked out for use in prediction equations of the individual tree trunk volume of hybrids at 38 months. Each distance is expressed as the sum of the general genetic distance and the specific genetic distance. The general genetic distance based on the double presence plus the double absence of bands seems to be an interesting co-variate to use in a factor regression model. Through this model the distance calculated between species explains the general combining ability (GCA) and the specific combining ability (SCA) of the phenotypic character with a global coefficient of determination of 81.6%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050480
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of the specific combining ability between two species of Eucalyptus.II. A clustering approach and a multiplicative model (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 804-809 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Analysis of interaction ; Heterosis breeding ; Clustering procedure ; AMMI model ; Eucalyptus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The Eucalyptus breeding program of URPPI (a partnership between CIRAD-Forêt, Centre National de la Recherche Forestière du Congo, and Unité d’Aforestation Industrielle du Congo) consists of a reciprocal recurrent selection scheme developed in the Congo between the two species Eucalyptus urophylla and Eucalyptus grandis. Two approaches are proposed in order to model and predict the specific combining ability (SCA) between these species. The clustering approach uses a simultaneous clustering procedure of the two species based on SCA and reveals heterotic groups coherent with the geographical origins of E. urophylla genotypes. The second approach uses a multiplicative model to partition the SCA into three multiplicative terms explaining 95% of the interaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050481
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A genetic linkage map of Quercus robur L. (pedunculate oak) based on RAPD, SCAR, microsatellite, minisatellite, isozyme and 5S rDNA markers (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 1090-1103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Quercus robur L ; Linkage map ; RAPD ; SCAR ; Microsatellite ; Minisatellite ; 5S rDNA ; Isozymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A genetic map of Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) was constructed based on one 5S rDNA, 271 RAPD, ten SCAR, 18 microsatellite, one minisatellite, and six isozyme markers. A total of 94 individuals from a full-sib family was genotyped. Two maps, including 307 markers, were constructed according to the “two-way pseudo-testcross” mapping strategy. Testcross markers segregating in the 1 : 1 ratio were first used to establish separate maternal (893.2 cM, 12 linkage groups) and paternal (921.7 cM, 12 linkage groups) maps. Both maps provided 85–90% genome coverage. Homologies between the male and female linkage groups were then identified based on 74 intercross markers segregating in the 3 : 1, 1 : 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 ratios (RAPDs, SCARs, SSRs, 5S rDNA and isozymes) in the hybrid progeny. In each map, approximately 18% of the studied markers showed segregation distortion. More than 60% of the skewed markers were due to an excess of heterozygote genotypes. This map will be used for: (1) studying the molecular organisation of genomic regions involved in inter- and intraspecific differentiation in oaks and (2) identification of QTLs for adaptive traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050996
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predictions of age-age correlations of total height based on serial correlations between height increments in Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1992), S. 152-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Juvenile-mature correlation ; Serial correlations ; Early selection ; Growth model ; Pinus pinaster(Ait.)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Successive annual height increments (AHIs) are considered to be elements of a time series. Empirical data in Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) show that genetic correlations between successive AHIs (serial correlation) decrease when the lag between corresponding growing seasons increases. When separated by more than 13 years AHIs are no longer genetically correlated. It is shown that age-age correlations between total heights depend on three components: the serial correlation structure between AHIs, the genetic coefficient of variation of AHIs, and the phenotypic growth curve of AHIs. Age-age correlations are computed in various combinations of the three components. Serial correlation structure and the genetic coefficient of variation had the more pronounced effect on age-age correlations. The genetic correlation between height at age 10 and height at age 50 varies between 0.764 and -0.136 according to the different combinations. Results obtained by simulations are comparable to those issued from previous empirical methods. mplications on early selection procedures and on optimal selection age are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222853
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance and molecular variations of PCR-SSCP fragments in pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 348-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key wordsQuercus robur  ;  PCR  ;  SSCP Co-dominant marker  ;  Mendelian inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Single-strand conformaiton polymorphism (SSCP) profiles of six PCR-amplified fragments (250–800 bp) were analyzed in three full-sib families of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and their parents. Among the six fragments, four were polymorphic and one exhibited complex patterns that were not changed by varying the SSCP conditions. The number of bands for the analyzed fragments varied between two and four among individuals regardless of fragment size. As shown by segregation data, the variation in the number of bands between trees could only be attributed to the allelic composition (homozygotes vs heterozygotes): a genotype that exhibited two bands was presumptively homozygous, wheras a genotype exhibiting three or four bands was heterozygous. Mendelian proportions were observed in all crosses for each polymorphic fragment. In one cross, we could clearly identify a null allele due to a possible mutation at a primer site. Single-base mutations and short insertion-deletions were shown to be the molecular causes of the SSCP polymorphism observed between different alleles. The use of SSCP as a technique to identify co-dominant markers of PCR fragments (up to 800 bp) is recommended for gene diversity studies or for gene mapping.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050287
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance and molecular variations of PCR-SSCP fragments in pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 348-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Quercus robur ; PCR ; SSCP ; Co-dominant marker ; Mendelian inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Single-strand conformaiton polymorphism (SSCP) profiles of six PCR-amplified fragments (250–800 bp) were analyzed in three full-sib families of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and their parents. Among the six fragments, four were polymorphic and one exhibited complex patterns that were not changed by varying the SSCP conditions. The number of bands for the analyzed fragments varied between two and four among individuals regardless of fragment size. As shown by segregation data, the variation in the number of bands between trees could only be attributed to the allelic composition (homozygotes vs heterozygotes): a genotype that exhibited two bands was presumptively homozygous, wheras a genotype exhibiting three or four bands was heterozygous. Mendelian proportions were observed in all crosses for each polymorphic fragment. In one cross, we could clearly identify a null allele due to a possible mutation at a primer site. Single-base mutations and short insertion-deletions were shown to be the molecular causes of the SSCP polymorphism observed between different alleles. The use of SSCP as a technique to identify co-dominant markers of PCR fragments (up to 800 bp) is recommended for gene diversity studies or for gene mapping.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223175
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative trait dissection analysis in Eucalyptus using RAPD markers: 1. Detection of QTL in interspecific hybrid progeny, stability of QTL expression across different ages (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 597-608 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Eucalyptus ; Genetic mapping ; QTL ; Stability ; Marker-assisted selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The objective of this study was to use random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) to determine the genetic location and effects of genomic regions controlling wood density, stem growth and stem form in two species of Eucalyptus. Two hundred F1 trees generated from an interspecific cross E. urophylla×E. grandis between two elite trees were used. Genetic maps were constructed for each parent with markers segregating in the 1:1 ratio in FS progeny. A total of 86 and 92 markers distributed among 11 linkage groups covered 1295 cM and 1312 cM for the E. urophylla and E. grandis parent, respectively. Traits were measured three times up to selection age (38 months). The magnitude of the phenotypic variation explained by the joint action of the segregating quantitative trait alleles indicated that genetic factors of large effect were involved in the control of the studied characters. Several regions controlling part of the variation for the studied traits were identified by interval mapping. Some regions of the genome exerted effects on more than one trait, providing a genetic explanation for at least some of the correlation between the traits. On the basis of an age-by-age analysis, a partial stability of QTL expression was observed with 68% of the QTL being expressed at two ages and 32% being age-specific. No QTL were significant for all three ages. Taking advantage of repeated measurements on the same material across different ages, we investigated with a maximum statistical power, the effect of marker genotype on traits, with age and QTL×age interaction effects being removed. A two-way analysis of variance made it possible to detect significant marker-trait associations over the period studied. Most of them had already been detected in the annual analysis. This result is very encouraging for the application of marker information to the early selection of hybrid trees to be vegetatively propagated for the production of clonal varieties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050601
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