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  • 1
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    Optically pumped mercury laser with UHF excitation (1986)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-12-14
    Print ISSN: 0022-3727
    Electronic ISSN: 1361-6463
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 2
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    A lattice Boltzmann model for the simulation of fluid flow (1992)
    Institute of Physics
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    Publication Date: 1992-06-21
    Print ISSN: 0305-4470
    Electronic ISSN: 1361-6447
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 3
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    A reaction-flow lattice Boltzmann model (1992)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-07-21
    Print ISSN: 0305-4470
    Electronic ISSN: 1361-6447
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 4
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    Preliminary geoid mapping results by Fugro’s improved Micro-g LaCoste turnkey airborne gravity system (2015)
    De Gruyter
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-07
    Description: In this paper, we introduce the Micro-g LaCoste Turnkey Airborne Gravity System (TAGS) with Fugro’s improved gravity processing and geoid modeling software package for regional gravity field mapping and geoid determination. Three test areas with different topographic characteristics under the Gravity for the Redefinition of the AmericanVertical Datum (GRAV-D) project of theUSNOAA National Geodetic Surveys (NGS) were used for case studies and determine the available accuracy of the system. The preliminary results of all these test cases show that the system with Fugro’s improved gravity and geoid processing software package is able to achieve a comparable geoid mapping result to traditional terrestrial methods.
    Print ISSN: 2081-9919
    Electronic ISSN: 2081-9943
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Published by De Gruyter
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  • 5
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    Poisson Downward Continuation Solution by the Jacobi Method (2011)
    De Gruyter
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-01
    Print ISSN: 2081-9919
    Electronic ISSN: 2081-9943
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Published by De Gruyter
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  • 6
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    Parametrisation of the orographic enhancement of precipitation and deposition in a long-term, long-range transport model (2000)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-11-30
    Description: Orographic enhancement of wet deposition arising from the 'seeder-feeder' effect is, by necessity, highly parametrised in long-range transport models of acid deposition that are long-term (i.e. annual average) and spatially resolved at tens of kilometres. Here, we describe a mechanistic approach to the incorporation of these mechanisms into such a model. The model formulation required the following: precipitation rate by direction and quantification of the fractions that are orographic and non-orographic; treatment of the fast oxidation of sulfur dioxide in clouds; the directionality of the seeder-feeder process; and a quantitative basis for increasing wet deposition factors to account for the seeder-feeder process. The directionality of non-orographic precipitation was determined from meteorological data at 47 sites across the UK. Orographic precipitation varies on a much finer scale than can be interpolated from measurements, and thus a modelling approach was adopted. The directionality of the seeder-feeder effect was taken from measurements. The enhancement factor of the orographic component of precipitation, assumed to represent feeder-rain, was determined from a review of measurements. Fast oxidation of sulfur dioxide is an observed phenomenon in cap-cloud, but limited in duration. An adjustment was made to the sulfur dioxide oxidation rate in the model in locations where cap-cloud was assumed to be present. The results from the model were compared with UK deposition budgets and enhanced wet deposition maps. The revised parametrisation underestimated the UK wet deposition budgets of oxidised N and S, but spatial patterns of deposition were improved for much of the UK. It was concluded that this was a satisfactory outcome given the constraints of the statistical approach of weighting of deposition at receptors utilising straight line trajectories. The sensitivity of the model to directional constraints of seeder-feeder enhancement was tested and it was concluded that a fairly narrow constraint resulted in similar estimations to a broader one, and the broader constraint was thus adopted as frontal conditions which result in the process arrive from a fairly broad band of directions. When enhancement was allowed to occur from all directions, UK wet deposition of oxidised N and S was increased by 10%. The sensitivity to the enhancement factor on wet deposition was tested and found to be relatively robust. An increase in the enhancement factor from 2 to 6 resulted in increases in UK wet deposition of oxidised N and S of 9 and 6%, respectively.Key words: Atmospheric composition and structure (pollution – urban and regional) – Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (precipitation)
    Print ISSN: 0992-7689
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0576
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 7
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    The relation between rigorous and Helmert’s definitions of orthometric heights (2006)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-10-19
    Print ISSN: 0949-7714
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1394
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parametrisation of the orographic enhancement of precipitation and deposition in a long-term, long-range transport model (2000)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 18 (2000), S. 1447-1466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Atmospheric composition and structure (pollution – urban and regional) ; Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (precipitation)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Orographic enhancement of wet deposition arising from the ‘seeder-feeder’ effect is, by necessity, highly parametrised in long-range transport models of acid deposition that are long-term (i.e. annual average) and spatially resolved at tens of kilometres. Here, we describe a mechanistic approach to the incorporation of these mechanisms into such a model. The model formulation required the following: precipitation rate by direction and quantification of the fractions that are orographic and non-orographic; treatment of the fast oxidation of sulfur dioxide in clouds; the directionality of the seeder-feeder process; and a quantitative basis for increasing wet deposition factors to account for the seeder-feeder process. The directionality of non-orographic precipitation was determined from meteorological data at 47 sites across the UK. Orographic precipitation varies on a much finer scale than can be interpolated from measurements, and thus a modelling approach was adopted. The directionality of the seeder-feeder effect was taken from measurements. The enhancement factor of the orographic component of precipitation, assumed to represent feeder-rain, was determined from a review of measurements. Fast oxidation of sulfur dioxide is an observed phenomenon in cap-cloud, but limited in duration. An adjustment was made to the sulfur dioxide oxidation rate in the model in locations where cap-cloud was assumed to be present. The results from the model were compared with UK deposition budgets and enhanced wet deposition maps. The Revised parametrisation underestimated the UK wet deposition budgets of oxidised N and S, but spatial patterns of deposition were improved for much of the UK. It was concluded that this was a satisfactory outcome given the constraints of the statistical approach of weighting of deposition at receptors utilising straight line trajectories. The sensitivity of the model to directional constraints of seeder-feeder enhancement was tested and it was concluded that a fairly narrow constraint resulted in similar estimations to a broader one, and the broader constraint was thus adopted as frontal conditions which result in the process arrive from a fairly broad band of directions. When enhancement was allowed to occur from all directions, UK wet deposition of oxidised N and S was increased by 10%. The sensitivity to the enhancement factor on wet deposition was tested and found to be relatively robust. An increase in the enhancement factor from 2 to 6 resulted in increases in UK wet deposition of oxidised N and S of 9 and 6%, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-000-1447-2
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    Fulltext
  • 9
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    Towards UNB_TopoDens version 3.0: The first global 3D topographical density model (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-01
    Description: After the creation and publication of the UNB_TopoDens_2v01 laterally varying topographic density model, many research groups and organizations across the world implemented this high-resolution density information for a wide variety of geodetic and geophysical applications. Our most frequently asked question from users is whether there will be a three-dimensional version of the density model. The answer is yes. By combining the depth dependent estimates of density based on material bulk moduli with models of expected geological structures, we believe that the creation of a three-dimensional density model of topography is possible using already existing datasets. In this study, we investigate the depth dependent density variations within the Earth’s topography and assess the validity of using topographical surface densities to provide density estimates of various crustal structures. The goal of UNB_TopoDens 3.0 is to generate a three-dimensional density model of the Earth’s topography, which is important for geoid modelling applications. Future work will focus on refining crustal models and expanding the density model to the Mohorovičić discontinuity.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 10
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    Heights now and in the future (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-29
    Description: As already happens, and will continue to happen ever more, most height coordinates are going to be obtained from geodetic satellite observations (GNSS) instead of levelling, due to the operational simplicity, lower cost, and sufficient accuracy. Levelling will be used for restricted areas and niche applications. Geodetic satellite observations yield geodetic heights referred to the (geocentric) geodetic reference ellipsoid. Their metric is Euclidean, geometric in nature. But geodetic heights have no practical applications because the zero height surface, i,e., reference ellipsoid, has no relation to the real world. To be practical, heights must refer to the geoid, the vertical geodetic reference surface. Geodetic heights must be transformed to practical heights by subtracting geoidal heights from them. The resulting practical heights, orthometric heights, have also Euclidean metric. Interestingly, no gravity needs be observed by the user of this approach. If other than orthometric heights are needed, then the metric must be changed. For dynamic heights and normal heights, the corresponding point metric is just a multiplication factor close to 1 that requires the knowledge of gravity. Practical heights obtained in this way are fully congruent with the terrestrial practical heights (from levelling) if the terrestrial heights are derived from levelled height differences in the rigorous way. The oral presentation will go over their characteristics and how they relate to the latest theoretical advancements and will focus on the future, leaving the quasigeoid alone, explicitly defining all practical heights, with respect to the geoid.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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