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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of Photocatalytic Metal Membrane System for Water Purification (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 326-328 (Dec. 2006), p. 1317-1320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This study was conducted to evaluate the applicability of photocatalytic metal membranesystem for the treatment of humic acid and heavy metals in aqueous solution. The catalysts, TiO2powder P25 Degussa and metal membrane with 0.5 μm nominal pore size were used forexperiments. Removal efficiency of humic acid and heavy metals increased with the increase ofTiO2 dosage, however decreased over 0.3 g/L of TiO2 dosage. The addition of H2O2 as an oxidationreagent had a positive effect for the removal rate of humic acid and heavy metals. Metal membranewith stainless steel seemed to be quite stable to UV light with oxidation reagent in long-termoperational periods over 6 months. Moreover, TiO2 particles can be effectively separated from thetreated water by membrane rejection and the permeation flux was also enhanced by the combinationof photocatalytic reaction
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/52/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.326-328.1317.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition Effects of Inorganic and Polymer Coagulants on Acidogenic Fermentation (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 544-545 (May 2007), p. 79-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Laboratory-scale batch experiments were conducted to investigate the possible inhibition of acidogenicvolatile fatty acids (VFAs) fermentation by an inorganic and a polymer coagulant. It was found that the conversion fromorganic matter to VFAs decreased more than 10% when the dosages of coagulant exceeded 46 (mgAl/L) and 120(mgFe/L). Inhibition by Al was greater than that Fe. When the dosage of polymer was over 102 (mg/L), VFAsconversion fell to below 2%. The protein content was more affected than the carbohydrate content. Ultrasonic treatmentincreased the VFAs conversion for synthetic sludge at both treated with either inorganic coagulant or polymer
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/15/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.544-545.79.pdf
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of Photocatalytic Microfiltration with Hollow Fiber Membrane (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 544-545 (May 2007), p. 95-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the operational parameters of theUV intensity and TiO2 dosage for the removal of humic acid and heavy metals. It also evaluated theapplicability of hollow fiber microfiltration for the separation of TiO2 particles in photocatalyticmicrofiltration systems. TiO2 powder P-25 Degussa and hollow fiber microfiltration with a 0.4 μmnominal pore size were used for experiments. Under the conditions of pH 7 and a TiO2 dosage 0.3g/L, the reaction rate constant (k) for humic acid and heavy metals increased with an increase of theUV intensity in each process. For the UV/TiO2/MF process, the reaction rate constant (k) for humicacid and Cu, with the exception of Cr in a low range of UV intensity, was higher compared to thatof UV/TiO2 due to the adsorption of the membrane surface. The reaction rate constant (k) increasedas the TiO2 dosage increased in the range of 0.1~0.3 g/L. However it decreased for a concentrationover 0.3 g/L of TiO2. For the UV/TiO2/MF process, TiO2 particles could be effectively separatedfrom treated water via membrane rejection. The average removal efficiency for humic acid andheavy metals during the operational time was over 90 %. Therefore, photocatalysis with amembrane is believed to be a viable process for humic acid and heavy metals removal
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/15/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.544-545.95.pdf
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-Aspect-Ratio Titanium Oxide Nanotubes Anodized in KH〈sub〉2〈/sub〉PO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉/NH〈sub〉4〈/sub〉F/Citric Acid Electrolytes (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 544-545 (May 2007), p. 67-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Titanium of 99.7% purity was anodized in 1M potassium phosphate monobasic(KH2PO4) water solution with 0.15M NH4F. Titanium oxide nanotubes were fabricated atanodization potential of 20 V and 4.64 pH. To control the pH of the solution, we have added weakacid such as citric acid because it has three dissociation constants (pKa) of 3.09, 4.75, and 5.41.Citric acid was very useful to control the pH of the 1M KH2PO4 water electrolyte solution within 3to 5. The diameter and length of the titanium oxide nanotubes were independent on anodizationtime. The diameter of 120 nm and length of 2.8 μm at anodization time of 5 hrs were observed byfield emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Undesired thin oxide layer blocking the topof titanium oxide nanotubes was wiped out by increasing the anodization potential with the multistep voltage by 1 V reached to 25 V. The titanium oxide nanotubes having a very large surface areaare very attractive for the battery, gas sensor, photocatalytic application, and biomaterials
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/15/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.544-545.67.pdf
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Removal of Refractory Organic Compounds Using Peroxy Radical and Ozone Reaction in Aqueous Solution (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 569 (Jan. 2008), p. 33-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This study was conducted to evaluate the treatment performance of the system usingperoxy radical/ozone reaction for refractory organic compounds removal in aqueous solution. Theeffect of initial humic acid concentration was conducted under the conditions of humic acidconcentration 10 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L. Reaction rate constant (k) in 30 mg/L ofhumic acid concentration was higher than that of humic acid concentration 10 mg/L, 50 mg/L amd100 mg/L. However, it decreased over the range of 30 mg/L of humic acid concentration due to theaction of internal filter of humic acid itself. Reaction rate constant (k) in the initial 20 minute ofreaction time was accelerated by decreasing hydraulic retention time (HRT). This may be ascribedto increase the reaction time between peroxy radical and ozone. pH is a key for both ozone stabilityand TiO2 surface property in aqueous solution. Reaction rate constant (k) of acid solution on pHvariation was smaller compared to that of neutral or basic circumstances because ozone decomposeseasily into hydroxyl radicals in neutral or basic solution. At reaction rate constant (k) for humic aciddegradation in each unit process, peroxy radical/ozone combined system was higher than that ofozone only due to the effective production of hydroxyl radical. An obvious difference betweenozone and peroxy radical/ozone is the consequence of hydroxyl radical produced by the reaction ofozone molecules and peroxy radicals
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/18/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.569.33.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentration of Organic Acid from Fermented Food Wastes Using a MF/RO Process (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 569 (Jan. 2008), p. 281-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The amount of food waste has been increasing every year. Food waste takes relativityhigh portion of domestic waste and we have much difficulty in treating it. Most of food wastes arelandfilled or incinerated after drying for the reduction of water content. The operation cost of thelandfill and the incineration are very high. To solve the landfill and the incineration problems inrecent years, the recycling of food waste was used by the methods of turning food waste into animalfood and fertilizer. Food wastes are compatible to be used as feedstock of the fermentation becausethey contain valuable nutrients. Among these situations, organic acids, which are effectively used ina variety of industrial processes, can be considered to be a high cost value-added products. Thepurpose of this study is to evaluate the possibility of organic acid concentration using a MF/ROsystem. A MF/RO system was believed to be an effective one for the concentration of organic acidfrom food waste. Water quality of fermentation broth, MF permeate and RO retentate in terms ofconductivity, pH, electric conductivity, TS (Total solids), TDS (Total dissolved solids), CODcrconcentration, chloride ion concentration was examined as analytic items. pH of fermentation brothwas higher than that of MF permeate and RO retentate due to the concentration of organic acid. pHof RO retentate was about 4. Conductivity, TDS, CODCr and chloride ion of RO retentate wereabout 1.3, 1.3, 2.9, 4.5 times higher than that of fermentation broth, respectively and TS reducedabout 0.8 times. This may be ascribed to separate effectively the solid-liquid separation by MF andRO rejection. Consequently, a MF/RO system is believed to be applicable for the concentration oforganic acid from fermentation broth of food waste
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/18/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.569.281.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment Performance of Photocatalysis/H〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉2〈/sub〉/Metal Membrane Process for Organics Removal (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 569 (Jan. 2008), p. 5-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of photocatalysis/hydrogenperoxide/metal membrane system. Metal membrane for the separation of TiO2 particles was used inan experiment and nominal pore size is 0.5 μm. Hydrogen peroxide was tested as oxidants. Theremoval efficiency of CODCr and color for initial hydrogen peroxide concentration increases rapidlywith an increase in the hydrogen peroxide concentration up to 50 mg/L. The removal efficiency ofof CODCr and color for 50 mg/L of initial hydrogen peroxide concentration was about 95 % and98 %, respectively. However, the addition of hydrogen peroxide over 50 mg/L inhibits the systemefficiency. The addition of hydrogen peroxide in UV/TiO2 system enhanced removal efficiency ofCODCr and color compared to no addition of hydrogen peroxide. This may be ascribed to capturethe electrons ejected from TiO2 and to produce OH radicals. The application of metal membrane inUV/ TiO2/H2O2 system enhanced removal efficiency of CODCr and color due to the adsorption ofmetal membrane surface as well as the production of OH radical. In application of metal membranewith nominal pore size 0.5 μm, TiO2 particles were effectively separated from the treated water bymetal membrane rejection. Photocatalytic metal membrane was much smaller resistance than theseof humic acid, TiO2 and humic acid/ TiO2 due to humic acid degradation of photocatalytic reaction
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/18/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.569.5.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of Photocatalysis/Chemical Oxidants in Aqueous TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 Suspensions (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 569 (Jan. 2008), p. 29-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a photocatalysis/oxidant system for thetreatment of humic acid and heavy metals in aqueous solutions. Hydrogen peroxide, ozone andpotassium peroxodisulfate were tested as oxidants. The effect of the oxidant concentration wasconducted with a pH of 7, a UV intensity of 64 W and a TiO2 dosage of 0.3 g/L. The addition ofoxidants over the amounts of H2O2 50 mg/L, O3 20 g/m3 and K2S2O8 50 mg/L inhibits the systemefficiency. The negative effect of the high concentration of oxidants likely results from OH radicalquenching caused by the excess oxidant. Therefore, the optimal dosages for the oxidants such as ahydrogen peroxide, ozone and potassium peroxodisulfate were found to be 50 mg/L, 20 g/m3 and 50mg/L, respectively. The addition of an oxidant in the UV/TiO2 system enhanced the degradationefficiency of humic acid and heavy metals compared to no addition of an oxidant. The degradationefficiency of humic acid and heavy metals was much greater for the UV/TiO2/H2O2 system
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/18/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.569.29.pdf
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of Photocatalytic TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 Thin Film Using Innovative Aerosol Deposition Method (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 510-511 (Mar. 2006), p. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This research investigated the water purification performance of thin film with anatasephase TiO2 powder having good photocatalytic property using an innovative aerosol deposition method at the normal room temperature. Fresh raw powder was dehydrated for good dispersion of TiO2 powder. To suppress the formation of second particle, the powder was dispersed for 90 minutes in alcohol bath with ultrasonic treatment and then desiccated. The average grain size ofparticle was identified to be 1µm in TiO2 thin film deposited on stainless steel mesh by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The anatase phase of TiO2 thin film was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The anatase phase of fresh raw powder was favorably maintained after aerosol deposition treatment
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/12/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.510-511.1.pdf
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of Novel Wastewater Reclamation System Using Microfiltration with Advanced New Membrane Material and Electrodialysis (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 510-511 (Mar. 2006), p. 586-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The integrated system of microfiltration and electrodialysis was proposed for wastewater reclamation, and the treatment performances were experimentally investigated with a pilot-scale system. The filterability of membrane and the long-term operational performances of the system were focused with real municipal sewage. The suggested wastewater reclamation system shows stable water quality during operational period over 6 months. Therefore, it is believed to be a usefulsystem for reuse of wastewater and security of water resources
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/12/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.510-511.586.pdf
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