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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrokinetic studies on ion-exchange membranes. 5. Streaming potentials (1977)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 81 (1977), S. 2114-2118 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100537a015
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of diamagnetic metal-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate complexes (1979)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 18 (1979), S. 1330-1332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic50195a033
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure-activity relationships in the dodecapeptide .alpha. factor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1983)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 22 (1983), S. 1298-1304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00274a047
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theory and simulation of the swelling of polymer gels (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 404-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A combined discontinuous molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation technique is used to study the swelling of athermal, continuous-space, near-perfect, trifunctional polymer networks containing hard chains of lengths 20 and 35 immersed in an athermal hard-sphere solvent. The swelling simulations are conducted under conditions of constant pressure and chemical potential. A simple, analytical theory for gel swelling is presented in which the gel free energy is calculated as the sum of an elastic, affine-type term, and a liquidlike mixing term that is based on the generalized-Flory dimer equation of state. The theory shows good agreement with our simulation results for the gel properties at swelling equilibrium. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481806
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure–volume properties of endlinked hard-chain polymer networks (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 7556-7573 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations are used to obtain the pressure and configurational chain properties of near-perfect, off-lattice, trifunctional hard-chain networks of chain lengths 20, 35, 50, and 100, and of tetrafunctional hard-chain networks of chain lengths 20, 35, and 50 over a range of packing fractions. Our simulation results show that the variation of network pressure with density is similar to that of uncrosslinked chain systems of the same chain length, except at low densities where the network pressure shows a negative region, as first observed by Escobedo and de Pablo. We present a theoretical treatment leading to an analytical expression for the network pressure as the sum of liquid-like and elastic contributions. The liquid-like contribution is obtained by extending the generalized Flory-dimer theory to networks, and the elastic contribution is obtained by treating the network as a set of interpenetrated dendrimers and using an ideal chain-spring analogy to calculate the free energy. The theoretical predictions for network pressure are in good agreement with simulation data. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.478659
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Step planar extension of polymer melts using a lubricated channel (1991)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 30 (1991), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Extension ; step strain ; polyethylene ; lubrication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A technique to do step planar extension on polymer melts has been developed using a rectangular channel with lubricated walls and the linear motor of the Rheometrics System Four rheometer. Using this method we probe the stress relaxation of two polymer melts, a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and a highly branched low density polyethylene (IUPAC X), and compare the step planar extensional data to step shear data. Since a step planar deformation is theoretically equivalent to a step shear in a rotating frame of reference, we expect that the nonlinear modulus for step planar extension should be equivalent to that for step shear. Although we find the time dependence of the stress relaxation modulus to be the same in both shear and planar extension, the strain dependence is surprisingly different for the two experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00366788
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ technique for monitoring the gelation of UV curable polymers (1992)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 31 (1992), S. 151-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Radiation cross-link ; ultraviolet radiation ; gelation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Ultraviolet-radiation-cured cross-linked systems are used extensively in optoelectronic applications. We describe a new in situ technique for doing controlled curing of photosensitive materials and monitoring the gelation through dynamic theological measurements. In this method, a sample placed between quartz windows of a modified parallel plate fixture of a Rheometrics Mechanical Spectrometer is radiated from a collimated UV source using a liquid light guide and a mirror. By varying the sample exposure to UV radiation, the degree of cross-linking can be precisely controlled to observe the material behavior in the pre, post, and critical gel state. Time-dependent measurements on urethane based materials show the gelation behavior to have an “induction” period with no change in dynamic moduli (G′, G″), followed by their sharp increase as the materials develop a network structure. The critical gel point is characterized by a power-law dependence of the dynamic moduli on frequency. The gelation kinetics scales with sample thickness and radiation intensity, the scaling factor in both cases being the critical gelation time. The rheological measurements correlate with differential photocalorimetric studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00373237
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved diffusion methods for determination of inorganic nitrogen in soil extracts and water (1997)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 24 (1997), S. 413-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Ammonium analysis ; 15N ; Nitrate ; Nitrite ; Inorganic N ; Soil extract diffusion method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Diffusion methods previously developed for inorganic-N analysis of soil extracts were modified to improve reliability, increase the dynamic range, extend the scope of applications, and simplify the processing of samples for N-isotope analysis. In these methods, the soil extract is treated with MgO, or MgO plus Devarda‘s alloy, in a 473-ml (1-pint) wide-mouth Mason jar to convert NH4 +-N, NO3 –-N, and/or NO2 –-N to NH3-N. The NH3 thereby liberated is collected in H3BO3-indicator solution in a Petri dish suspended from the Mason-jar lid and determined quantitatively by acidimetric titration. With the modifications described, analyses can be performed on 10- to 100-ml samples of water, 0.5MK2SO4, 1MKCl, 2MKCl, or 4MKCl, at temperatures between 20 and 30°C. Recovery from 10 or 20ml was quantitative in 18–80h with up to 4mgN; recovery from 50 or 100ml was quantitative in 3–13 days with up to 2mgN. Removal of H3BO3 for N-isotope analysis by the Rittenberg process was effected using methanol. Mason-jar diffusion methods are much simpler and more convenient than conventional steam distillations. Comparative studies showed that quantitative determinations are more accurate and precise by diffusion than by distillation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050266
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen fertilizers promote denitrification (1997)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 24 (1997), S. 211-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Denitrification ; Fertilizer efficiency ; 15N ; Labelled dinitrogen ; Nitrification ; Nitrous oxide ; Urea ; Waterlogged soil ; Water-soluble organic carbon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A laboratory study was conducted to compare the effects of different N fertilizers on emission of N2 and N2O during denitrification of NO3 – in waterlogged soil. Field-moist samples of Drummer silty clay loam soil (fine-silty, mixed, mesic Typic Haplaquoll) were incubated under aerobic conditions for 0, 2, 4, 7, 14, 21, or 42 days with or without addition of unlabelled (NH4)2SO4, urea, NH4H2PO4, (NH4)2HPO4, NH4NO3 (200 or 1000 mg N kg–1 soil), or liquid anhydrous NH3 (1000 mg N kg–1 soil). The incubated soil samples were then treated with 15N-labelled KNO3 (250 mg N kg–1 soil, 73.7 atom% 15N), and incubation was carried out under waterlogged conditions for 5 days, followed by collection of atmospheric samples for 15N analyses to determine labelled N2 and N2O. Compared to samples incubated without addition of unlabelled N, all of the fertilizers promoted denitrification of 15NO3 –. Emission of labelled N2 and N2O decreased in the order: Anhydrous NH3〉urea〈$〉\gg〈$〉 (NH4)2HPO4〉(NH4)2SO4≃NH4NO3≃NH4H2PO4. The highest emissions observed with anhydrous NH3 or urea coincided with the presence of NO2 –, and 15N analyses indicated that these emissions originated from NO2 – rather than NO3 –. Emissions of labelled N2 and N2O were significantly correlated with fertilizer effects on soil pH and water-soluble organic C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050233
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular phylogeny of Gossypium species by DNA fingerprinting (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 931-938 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Gossypium species ; RAPD ; Phylogeny ; Cluster ; Diversity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Total genomic DNA from 31 available Gossypium species, three subspecies and one interspecific hybrid, were analysed to evaluate genetic diversity by RAPD, using 45 random decamer primers. A total of 579 amplified bands were observed, with 12.9 bands per primer, of which 99.8% were polymorphic. OPJ-17 produced the maximum number of fragments while the minimum number of fragments was produced with primer OPA-08. Cluster analysis by the unweighted paired group method of arithmetic means (UPGMA) showed six main clusters. Cluster ’A’ consisted of two species and one subspecies of the A-genome, with a 0.78–0.92 Nei’s similarity range. Cluster B, composed of all available tetraploid species and one interspecific hybrid, showed the same sister cluster. Nei’s similarity ranged from 0.69 to 0.84. The B-genome formed the UPGMA sister cluster to the E-genome species. Cluster ’C’ consisted of five Gossypium species of which three belong to the B-genome, with Nei’s similarity values of 0.81 to 0.86. Although there was considerable disagreement at lower infra-generic ranks, particularly among the D- genome (diploid New World species) and C-genome (diploid Australian species) species. The sole F-genome species Gossypium longicalyx was resolved as a sister group to the D-genome species. Gossypium herbaceum and G. herbaceum Africanum showed the maximum Nei’s similarity (0.93). Minimum similarity (0.29) was observed between Gossypium trilobum and Gossypium nelsonii. The average similarity among all studied species was 50%. The analysis revealed that the interspecific genetic relationship of several species is related to their centre of origin. As expected, most of the species have a wide genetic base range. The results also revealed the genetic relationships of the species Gossypium hirsutum to standard cultivated Gossypium barbadense, G. herbaceum and Gossypium arboreum. These results correspond well with previous reported results. The level of variation detected in closely related genotypes by RAPD analysis indicates that it may be a more efficient marker than morphological marker, isozyme and RFLP technology for the construction of genetic linkage maps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051564
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