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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-heating in the Coulomb-blockade electrometer (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 2386-2396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A detailed comparison between theory and experiment is used to demonstrate the presence of self-heating in the Coulomb-blockade electrometer. When three different heating models are considered, the best fit with experimental electrometer characteristics is obtained for a model in which the electron temperature of the island electrode is determined by heat transfer to the lattice via electron-phonon coupling. In the successful model, the temperature Ti of the island electrons is related to the power Pi dissipated in the island and the temperature Tl of the phonons by Pi=ΣΩ(Ti5−Tl5), where Σ is an electron-phonon coupling parameter characteristic of the island material and Ω is the volume of the island. The best fit between theory and experiment yields a value of Σ=0.2 nW/K5/μm3 for the electron-phonon coupling in aluminum. Our calculations show that the electron temperature of the island commonly exceeds 100 mK even when the lattice remains at 35 mK.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353092
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survey of chaos in the rf-biased Josephson junction (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 875-889 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Chaotic behavior in the rf-biased Josephson junction is studied through digital simulations of the Steward–McCumber model. Chaotic states are characterized by Poincare sections, Liapunov exponents, and power spectra. Models are presented which explain some features of the chaotic spectra. The parameter range over which chaotic behavior occurs is determined empirically for a broad range of dc bias, rf bias, and hysteresis parameters for a fixed rf frequency. It is shown that chaos does not occur if either the dc bias or the rf bias is very large. An attempt is made to explain the boundaries of the chaotic region in terms of simple models for chaotic behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.334687
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using chaos to generate white noise (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 5794-5800 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Numerical simulations reveal that a phase-locked loop can be operated in a chaotic regime to generate a high level of noise which is approximately white over a broad frequency range. Heuristic arguments indicate that the low-frequency power spectrum may be accurately uniform.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.371595
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quasipotential and the stability of phase lock in nonhysteretic Josephson junctions (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 5538-5544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The principle of minimum available noise energy is used to calculate the quasipotential over the state space of a nonhysteretic Josephson junction driven by a rf bias. This potential surface provides an intuitive picture of the dynamics of phase lock and defines a stability parameter, the activation energy for thermally induced phase slippage, which determines the optimum operating conditions for a proposed programmable voltage standard.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357156
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shapiro steps in large-area metallic-barrier Josephson junctions (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 5811-5819 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The current amplitudes of Shapiro steps in large-area metallic-barrier Josephson junctions, both with and without a ground plane, are investigated with the goal of optimizing junction parameters for programmable voltage standards. Using the resistively shunted junction model without capacitance, we calculate maximum step amplitudes as a function of reduced frequency and junction dimension for both one- and two-dimensional junctions. For junctions without a ground plane, we conclude that step amplitudes of order 10 mA are practical, but significantly larger amplitudes require excessive microwave power.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359644
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Precision of series-array Josephson voltage standards (1987)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 2043-2045 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Comparison of two series-array Josephson voltage standards operated at over 1 V shows that they differ in voltage by less than 2 parts in 1017.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.98286
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chaos and thermal noise in the rf-biased Josephson junction (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 58 (1985), S. 424-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of thermal noise on chaotic behavior in the rf-biased Josephson junction is studied through digital simulations. In instances for which chaotic behavior occurs in the noise-free system, it is found that the dynamics of the system are almost unchanged by the addition of thermal noise unless the level of thermal noise exceeds that of the chaotic state. In instances for which the only stable states of the noise-free system are periodic solutions, small amounts of thermal noise can induce the junction to hop between two different dynamical states, producing a low-frequency noise level much higher than that of the thermal noise. Such noise-induced hopping can occur either between two periodic solutions or between a periodic solution and a metastable chaotic solution. When a metastable chaotic state is involved, temperatures somewhat higher than those which produce hopping can destablize the periodic solution to the point where the system spends virtually all of its time in the metastable chaotic state, creating noise-induced chaos. The similarities between chaotic behavior at zero temperature and noise-induced chaos are sufficiently strong that it may be difficult to distinguish the two cases experimentally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.335642
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Global stability of phase lock near a chaotic crisis in the rf-biased Josephson junction (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 198-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The global stability of phase lock in the rf-biased Josephson junction is studied through digital simulations. Global stability is determined by calculating the lifetime of the phase-locked state in the presence of thermal noise. This lifetime, the mean time required for thermal noise to induce a 2π phase slip, increases exponentially with inverse temperature in the limit of low temperatures, and the low-temperature asymptote can be parametrized in terms of an activation energy E and an attempt time τ0. The activation energy is a useful measure of global stability for both periodic and chaotic phase-locked states. The behavior of E and τ0 is studied over a range of critical-current densities which take the system from a region of harmonic motion through a period-doubling cascade and into a region of phase-locked chaotic behavior which is ended by a chaotic crisis. At the crisis point, the activation energy goes to zero and the attempt time goes to infinity. The results are used to determine the optimum critical-current density for series-array voltage standards.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.339182
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of thermal noise on Shapiro steps in high-Tc Josephson weak links (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 342-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The amplitudes of Shapiro steps are measured at temperatures up to 77 K for a superconductor-normal metal-superconductor Josephson weak link fabricated from YBa2Cu3O7−δ with a Ag-Au alloy bridge. The step amplitudes are found to be in agreement with calculations based on the resistively shunted-junction model when the Johnson noise of the junction resistance is included.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.107931
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noise in the Coulomb blockade electrometer (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 237-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have measured the noise of a Coulomb blockade electrometer. Below 100 Hz, the noise referred to the input charge has a 1/f power spectrum with a charge noise of 3×10−4 e/(square root of)Hz and an energy sensitivity EN of 3×104 (h-dash-bar) at 10 Hz. The 1/f noise probably results from the stochastic occupation of charge traps which could in principle be eliminated. The theoretical noise floor is set by shot noise, and indirect measurements show that this contribution to EN can be as small as 1.5 (h-dash-bar), suggesting that the electrometer will be a quantum limited amplifier if the 1/f noise can be eliminated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.108195
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