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  • 1
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    (Table DR1) Trace element contents in basalts from ODP Hole 33-317A
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Ingle, Stephanie; Mahoney, John J; Sato, Hiroshi; Coffin, Millard F; Kimura, Jun-Ichi; Hirano, Naoto; Nakanishi, Masao (2007): Depleted mantle wedge and sediment fingerprint in unusual basalts from the Manihiki Plateau, central Pacific Ocean. Geology 2007 35(7), 35(7), 595-598, https://doi.org/10.1130/G23741A.1
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: Numerous large igneous provinces formed in the Pacific Ocean during Early Cretaceous time, but their origins and relations are poorly understood. We present new geochronological and geochemical data on rocks from the Manihiki Plateau and compare these results to those for other Cretaceous Pacific plateaus. A dredged Manihiki basalt gives an 40Ar-39Ar age of 117.9+/-3.5 Ma (2 sigma), essentially contemporaneous with the Ontong Java Plateau ~2500 km to the west, and the possibly related Hikurangi Plateau ~3000 km to the south. Drilled Manihiki lavas are tholeiitic with incompatible trace element abundances similar to those of Ontong Java basalts. These lavas may result from high degrees of partial melting during the main eruptive phase of plateau formation. There are two categories of dredged lavas from the Danger Islands Troughs, which bisect the plateau. The first is alkalic lavas having strong enrichments in light rare earth and large-ion lithophile elements; these lavas may represent late-stage activity, as one sample yields an 40Ar-39Ar age of 99.5+/-0.7 Ma. The second category consists of tholeiitic basalts with U-shaped incompatible element patterns and unusually low abundances of several elements; these basalts record a mantle component not previously observed in Manihiki, Ontong Java, or Hikurangi lavas. Their trace element characteristics may result from extensive melting of depleted mantle wedge material mixed with small amounts of volcaniclastic sediment. We are unaware of comparable basalts elsewhere.
    Keywords: 33-317A; Barium; Caesium; Cerium; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Dysprosium; Erbium; Europium; Gadolinium; Glomar Challenger; Hafnium; Holmium; Lanthanum; Leg33; Lutetium; Neodymium; Niobium; Praseodymium; Rubidium; Samarium; Sample code/label; South Pacific/PLATEAU; Strontium; Terbium; Thermal-ionization multicollector mass spectrometer VG Sector; Thorium; Thulium; Uranium; Ytterbium; Yttrium; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 100 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mantle diapir-induced arc volcanism: The Ueno Basalts, Nomugi-Toge and Hida volcanic suites, central Japan (1999)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 8 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Stratigraphic and geochronological data show that the late Cenozoic Ueno Basalts and related Nomugi-Toge and Hida volcanic suites of the Norikura Volcanic Chain, Japan, were active for ~ 1 million years. Temporal and spatial variations of the volcanic activity and chemistry of the volcanic products suggest that it was induced by a common mantle diapir. The Ueno Basalts are small monogenetic volcanoes scattered over an area 50 km in diameter, and comprise a small volcanic province. The Ueno Basalts are almost all subalkalic basalt to basaltic andesite, erupted through the late Pliocene to the earliest Pleistocene (2.7–1.5 Ma). Andesite to dacite of the Nomugi-Toge volcanic rocks were concurrently active in the back arc side, and two eruption stages (2.6–2.2 and 2.1–1.7 Ma) are recognizable. Two voluminous dacite and rhyolite ignimbrites, the Hida Volcanic Rocks, were erupted deeper in the back-arc region, at ca 1.75 and 1.7 Ma. Both the Nomugi-Toge and Hida suites are also subalkalic, except for the last ignimbrite. In the Ueno Basalts, alkali olivine basalt was erupted in the earliest stage, and was followed by subalkalic basalt, showing that the magma segregation depth ascended with time. This coincided with uplift of the volcanic province and with quasi-concentric expansion of the eruption centers, suggesting that an upwelling mantle diapir was the cause of the volcanism. The Nomugi-Toge andesite–dacite lavas and the Hida dacite and rhyolite ignimbrites are considered to have originated from the same mantle diapir, because of their close proximity to the Ueno Basalts and their near-contemporaneous activity. Mantle diapirs have a significant role in the origin of subalkalic volcanic rocks in the island arcs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1738.1999.00239.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magma plumbing system beneath Ontake Volcano, central Japan (1999)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 8 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Ontake Volcano in central Japan was last active from ~ 100–35 Ka. The eruptions contained rhyodacite pumice and lavas in the first stage (stage O1, 〉 33 km3), followed by eruptions of andesite lavas and pyroclastics (stages O2 and O3, 〉 16 km3). Modeling of major and incompatible elements with Sr isotope ratios suggests that the primary magma was a high-alumina basalt. One andesite magma type appears to have evolved from the basalt in a closed system magma chamber, in part by fractional crystallization, and its generation included crustal assimilation. The other andesite magma type is considered to have evolved in an open system magma chamber in which repeated input of primary magma occurred together with wall-rock assimilation and fractional crystallization. The rhyodacite is inferred to have evolved in a closed system magma chamber by fractional crystallization of the second type of andesite. These genetic relationships require that the magma chamber functioned alternately as an open and a closed system. Geobarometry indicates that there may have been multiple magma chambers, located in the upper crust for the rhyodacite, near the upper–lower crust interface for the andesite and in the mid-lower crust for the basalt. These chambers were stacked to form the magma plumbing system of Ontake. Incompatible element compositions of the basalt are considered to have changed during the eruptions, suggesting that two different plumbing systems for stage O1 magma and for stages O2, O3 magmas existed during the 65 Ka of activity. Evolutionary history of the systems implies that the primary magma was introduced into the magma plumbing system each for ~ 17 500 years and that the life span of a magma plumbing system was shorter than 40 Ka.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1738.1999.00219.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the Mefjell plutonic complex from the Sør Rondane Mountains, East Antarctica: Implications for the petrogenesis of Pan-African plutonic rocks of East Gondwanaland (2005)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 14 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  The Mefjell plutonic complex consists of 500–550-Ma Pan-African plutonic rocks, which intrude into the Precambrian crystalline basement in the Sør Rondane Mountains, East Antarctica, and forms part of the Sør Rondane Suture Zone. The complex comprises syenitic and granitic (mostly monzogranitic) rocks, and is characterized by the presence of iron-rich hydrous mafic minerals and primary ilmenite, both of which imply its formation at high temperature and under low oxygen fugacity conditions. The syenitic rocks are metaluminous, and are high in alkalis, K2O/Na2O, Al2O3, FeOt/(FeOt + MgO) (0.88–0.98), K/Rb (800–1000), Ga (18–28 p.p.m.), Zr (up to 2100 p.p.m.) and Ba. They also have a low Mg♯ (Mg/[Mg + Fe2+]), Rb, Sr, Nb, Y and F, low to moderate light rare earth element (LREE)/heavy rare earth element (HREE) ratios and positive Eu anomalies in their rare earth element (REE) patterns. The granitic rocks are metaluminous to peraluminous, and have a high Rb content, high Sr/Ba and LREE/HREE ratios, low K/Rb and negative Eu anomalies. Most of the syenitic and granitic rocks have Y/Nb ratios greater than 1.2, and are depleted in Nb, Ti and Sr on the primitive mantle-normalized spider diagrams, indicating a crustal origin with subduction zone signatures. We interpret both the syenitic and granitic rocks to be derived from an iron-rich lower crustal source by dehydration melting induced by the heat of mantle-derived basaltic intrusion, after which they then underwent limited fractional crystallization. The Mefjell plutonic complex has a high Zr content and tectonic discrimination diagram signatures indicative of normal A-type granitic rocks. Both rock suites may have been generated under the same postorogenic tectonic setting. The Mefjell syenitic rocks are chemically comparable to charnockites in the Gjelsvikjella and western Mühlig-Hofmannfjella areas of East Antarctica, whereas the granitic rocks are comparable to aluminous A-type granitic rocks in South India, which were emplaced during formation and evolution of the Gondwanaland supercontinent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.2005.00473.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geology and geochemistry of Karasugasen lava dome, Daisen–Hiruzen Volcano Group, southwest Japan (2005)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 14 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  The geology and geochemistry of pyroclastic flows and fallout tephras formed during the Karasugasen dome eruption in the Daisen–Hiruzen Volcano Group in southwest Japan have been examined in detail. The Karasugasen lava dome erupted at about 26 ka. The eruption began with a vulcanian ash fall, and this was followed by at least eight block and ash flows and a pumice flow. The block and ash flows were produced by the successive collapses of a growing lava dome. This main eruption phase was followed by an eruption of vulcanian ash falls, and finally ended with a sub-Plinian pumice fall. This eruption sequence is typical of the Daisen Volcano during the last three eruption events, which occurred at 58, 26 and 17 ka. The magma produced during the Karasugasen eruption was a typical adakite, with extremely high Sr/Y ratios and low HREE/LREE ratios compared to normal arc lavas. The chemistry of the Karasugasen lavas is almost identical to other Daisen–Hiruzen lavas that were produced from eruptions over an interval of a million years. The continuous supply of a huge amount of adakitic magma (〉100 km3) for such a long period suggests a massive homogeneous source material, such as molten Philippine Sea Plate slab. Slab melting is a plausible mechanism for the production of the adakitic lavas at Karasugasen, and hence the Daisen–Hiruzen Volcano Group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.2005.00461.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late Cenozoic volcanic activity in the Chugoku area, southwest Japan arc during back-arc basin opening and reinitiation of subduction (2003)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 12 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Temporal–spatial variations in Late Cenozoic volcanic activity in the Chugoku area, southwest Japan, have been examined based on 108 newly obtained K–Ar ages. Lava samples were collected from eight Quaternary volcanic provinces (Daisen, Hiruzen, Yokota, Daikonjima, Sambe, Ooe–Takayama, Abu and Oki) and a Tertiary volcanic cluster (Kibi Province) to cover almost all geological units in the province. Including published age data, a total of 442 Cenozoic radiometric ages are now available. Across-arc volcanic activity in an area approximately 500 km long and 150 km wide can be examined over 26 million years. The period corresponds to syn- and post-back-arc basin opening stages of the island arc. Volcanic activity began in the central part of the rear-arc ca 26 Ma. This was followed by arc-wide expansion at 20 Ma by eruption at two rear-arc centers located at the eastern and western ends. Expansion to the fore-arc occurred between 20 and 12 Ma. This Tertiary volcanic arc was maintained until 4 Ma with predominant alkali basalt centers. The foremost-arc zone activity ceased at 4 Ma, followed by quiescence over the whole arc between 4 and 3 Ma. Volcanic activity resumed at 3 Ma, covering the entire rear-arc area, and continued until the present to form a Quaternary volcanic arc. Adakitic dacite first occurred at 1.7 Ma in the middle of the arc, and spread out in the center part of the Quaternary volcanic arc. Alkali basalt activities ceased in the area where adakite volcanism occurred. Fore-arc expansion of the volcanic arc could be related to the upwelling and expansion of the asthenosphere, which caused opening of the Japan Sea. Narrowing of the volcanic zone could have been caused by progressive Philippine Sea Plate subduction. Deeper penetration could have caused melting of the slab and resulted in adakites. Volcanic history in the Late Cenozoic was probably controlled by the history of evolution of the upper mantle structure, coinciding with back-arc basin opening and subsequent reinitiation of subduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1738.2003.00377.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fukutoku-oka-no-ba Volcano: A new perspective on the Alkalic Volcano Province in the Izu–Bonin – Mariana arc (1998)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 7 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Pumice samples from Fukutoku-oka-no-ba in the Izu–Bonin – Mariana (IBM) arc were analysed for 40 trace elements and Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic compositions. These samples are shoshonites (59.4–61.8 wt% SiO2), characterized by high contents of K2O (3.74–4.64 wt%), Ba (1274–1540 p.p.m.), Rb (91–105 p.p.m.), and light rare earth elements. The characteristics of alkali-element enrichment are similar to those of other parts of the Alkalic Volcano Province (AVP) in the northern Mariana and southernmost Volcano arcs. Sr (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7036–0.7038) and Pb isotopic compositions (206Pb/204Pb = 19.08–19.11, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.62–15.63, 208Pb/204Pb = 38.85–38.91) of Fukutoku-oka-no-ba pumice are relatively radiogenic, whereas Nd is unradiogenic (143Nd/144Nd = 0.51283–0.51286). Fukutoku-oka-no-ba is isotopically distinct from Iwo Jima and is similar to the Hiyoshi Volcanic Complex, suggesting that Fukutoku-oka-no-ba might have a magma source similar to that of the Hiyoshi volcanic complex. Plots of Pb and Nd isotopes for AVP lavas trend toward the fields of ocean island basalt (OIB) source and pelagic sediments, which are possible sources of AVP enrichments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.1998.t01-1-00201.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variations of magnetic susceptibility and fine quartz accumulation rate in Daisen loam over the past 200 000 years: Interaction between winter and summer monsoons in south-west Japan (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 10 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A loam section near Daisen volcano, South-west Japan, has been examined for low-field magnetic susceptibility (MS) and fine quartz accumulation rate. Fission track dating of tephra layers interbedded in the deposit shows that the loam age ranges from about 200 ka to the Present. The MS was measured for both bulk sample and the 〈 63 μm fine fraction. Fine quartz contents in the 〈 63 μm fraction were also determined using acid-alkali digestions and recalculated to derive fine quartz accumulation rate (Rqz). Grain size analysis was then carried out on the separated fine quartz. Low-field MS varies from low frequency magnetic suspectibility (χ(LF)) 5 to 100 (× 10−6 m3/kg) for bulk samples and from 1 to 30 for fine fractions. The fine fraction χ(LF) variation correlated with Chinese loess MS stratigraphy, which indicated changes in pedogenic enhancement of the MS and is reflected by summer monsoon intensity. The Rqz are high in cool climate stages, with volumes between 0.2 and 0.4 (× 10−2 kg/m2 per yr), whereas in warm stages the rate falls to about 0.1. These values compare well with those reported from the Hokkaido and Kanto areas, suggesting the fine quartz originates from tropospheric dust. The strong winter monsoons during glacial stages alternated with weak summer monsoons as a result of a southward shift of the jet stream. In interglacials, summer monsoons were stronger. Seasonal alternating monsoons appear to have operated in South-west Japan through the past 200 000 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.2001.00311.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geology and geochemistry of lavas at Nekoma volcano: Implications for origin of Quaternary low-K andesite in the north-eastern Honshu arc, Japan (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 10 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Nekoma volcano forms part of the arc axis volcanic array of the North-eastern Honshu arc, Japan, which is commonly characterized by medium-K lava suites. However, Nekoma is exceptional because many of its lavas are low-K. This anomaly has been a matter of debate. Nekoma was active from 1.1 to 0.35 Ma. The volcano consists of thick andesite flows and domes associated with block and ash flow deposits produced during lava dome formation. A horseshoe-shaped collapse caldera was formed at the summit and small lava domes extruded into the caldera. Stratigraphy, published K–Ar ages, and tephrochronology define three stages of volcanic activity, about 1.1 Ma (Stage 1), 0.8–0.6 Ma (Stage 2) and 0.45–0.35 Ma (Stage 3; post caldera stage). Low-K andesites occur in all stages. Extremely low-K andesite was also associated in Stage 2 and medium-K andesite was dominant in Stage 3. In general, lavas changed from low-K to medium-K after caldera formation. Geochemical study of the Nekoma lavas shows that both low-K and medium-K lavas are isotopically similar and were derived from a common source. Adatara and Azuma volcanoes, which lie close to Nekoma, also have both low-K and medium-K andesites. However, Sr isotope ratios or temporal-spatial variations in K-level lava classification vary between the three centers. Comparisons of K suites and Sr isotope ratios with frontal arc volcanoes in North-east–Honshu suggest source heterogeneity existed in both medium- and low-K suites. The K contents of lavas and their Sr isotopes are not simply related. This requires re-examination of models for chemical variation of andesites in arcs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.2001.00313.x
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  • 10
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    Unknown
    Recycled ancient ghost carbonate in the Pitcairn mantle plume (2018)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-13
    Description: The extreme Sr, Nd, Hf, and Pb isotopic compositions found in Pitcairn Island basalts have been labeled enriched mantle 1 (EM1), characterizing them as one of the isotopic mantle end members. The EM1 origin has been vigorously debated for over 25 years, with interpretations ranging from delaminated subcontinental lithosphere, to recycled lower continental crust, to recycled oceanic crust carrying ancient pelagic sediments, all of which may potentially generate the requisite radiogenic isotopic composition. Here we find that δ26Mg ratios in Pitcairn EM1 basalts are significantly lower than in normal mantle and are the lowest values so far recorded in oceanic basalts. A global survey of Mg isotopic compositions of potentially recycled components shows that marine carbonates constitute the most common and typical reservoir invariably characterized by extremely low δ26Mg values. We therefore infer that the subnormal δ26Mg of the Pitcairn EM1 component originates from subducted marine carbonates. This, combined with previously published evidence showing exceptionally unradiogenic Pb as well as sulfur isotopes affected by mass-independent fractionation, suggests that the Pitcairn EM1 component is most likely derived from late Archean subducted carbonate-bearing sediments. However, the low Ca/Al ratios of Pitcairn lavas are inconsistent with experimental evidence showing high Ca/Al ratios in melts derived from carbonate-bearing mantle sources. We suggest that carbonate–silicate reactions in the late Archean subducted sediments exhausted the carbonates, but the isotopically light magnesium of the carbonate was incorporated in the silicates, which then entered the lower mantle and ultimately became the Pitcairn plume source.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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